A landmark study published in Cell has shown that prime editing, a cutting-edge form of gene editing, can correct mutations causing Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood (AHC) with a single in-brain injection. The research team fixed the most prevalent ATP1A3 gene mutations in mouse models, reducing symptoms and more than doubling survival, a first-of-its-kind success in treating a neurological disease directly in the brain. CRISPR-based gene editing was delivered through an harmless adeno-associated virus called AAV9. In parallel, patient-derived cells (iPSCs) responded similarly, reinforcing the method’s promise for human translation. Importantly, this success opens the door to targeting other genetic brain disorders previously deemed untreatable. Although results are preliminary, this study provides robust proof‑of‑concept for personalized gene editing in the brain and opens doors toward potential treatments for other intractable genetic neurological disorders.
World’s First Patient Treated with Personalized base editing system !
This proof of principle paves the way for precision gene therapy administered directly in vivo. In addition to having a significant therapeutic effect, this trial will allow the collection of critical data for designing tomorrow's precision gene therapies, both in terms of efficacy and biosafety. We know that the liver, a target organ in this pathology, is a prime target for in vivo gene therapy because after systemic injection, vectors accumulate there without a specific targeting system and liver cells multiply rapidly, allowing rapid colonization of cured cells. Consequently, these results support the idea that the field of vectorology is key to harnessing the power of new genome editors such as base editing systems, prime editing systems. The design of vectors that can target the desired cell populations, without compromising efficacy and biosafety, is the next critical step to enable precision gene therapy for a large number of genetic pathologies.