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Scooped by
Charles Tiayon
March 10, 2015 10:29 PM
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Cornell’s 2015 rendition of The Vagina Monologues took place in Bailey Hall last Saturday night, presented by a cast of about 50 women. The Vagina Monologues is a play authored by Eve Ensler, and it first premiered in New York City in 1996. Over the past 20 years, Ensler’s masterpiece has been performed in 48 languages in over 140 countries; it relays the ubiquitous message that vaginas are great, that women should be proud of their vaginas and that no one has any right to maim, tease or disrespect the vagina or its holder.
This year’s rendition promoted that message powerfully. It was an updated version of the play, and it included a few details that were not incorporated into the original. Prior to attending the show, I had discussed the play with a few of my peers. I had never seen it before, and was excited by the prospect of hearing an hour-long riff on women, their vaginas and sexuality. However, a few of my friends told me not to get my hopes up. They had seen it before, they said, and they criticized it for being antiquated and Eurocentric.
However, director Aleksej Aarsaether ’17 was able to morph the play into something contemporary through his selection of the scenes included in the performance. The first altered act was one that included five pairs of projected lips. A screen dropped down from the ceiling, the stage went dark and the colorful lips were the only objects of focus. The mouths took turns moving as they recited the words emanating from monologuers’ mouths while they stood out of view. This scene provided the owners of the mouths complete ambiguity; focus was diverted from the appearance of the performers back onto the words themselves. The mouths of this act spoke the story of a transgender individual who was born as a male, but ultimately chose to identify as a female. The use of figureless voices was especially adept for this topic, as it removed any association of image with gender. In this act, gender was a state of mind. The viewers were not able to judge the readers based on their appearances as men, as women or as anywhere in between, relaying the idea that a person’s feelings, rather than their biological sex, decide how they should identify with a gender.
Another adapted scene included women who spoke languages other than English. The act, “My Vagina Was My Village,” is an act that was included in the play’s original manuscript. However, Aarsaether altered it, having different actresses repeat the lines in various languages. The actresses lined up in a row, and they each recited monologues in different languages ranging from Portuguese to Arabic, as subtitles were projected onto a screen above their heads. The inclusion of this scene nullifies any qualms that previous critics may have had about the Eurocentricity of the play; it demonstrated that misogyny is a problem that affects not only the United States, but also citizens of the global community. The most touching of these monologues came toward the end of the scene, when some of the lines were relayed in American Sign Language. As the actresses signed the words, “the soldiers put a long thick rifle inside me,” a woman toward the right of the stage motioned this action and gasped. The signing of this line brought the words to life in a corporeal representation of the adversity that women face.
While the monologue featured serious topics, the director chose to alternate uplifting scenes with somber ones in order to keep the audience cheerful. My favorite act of the play, titled “The Woman Who Loves to Make Vaginas Happy,” was a monologue highlighting the importance and variance of moaning during sex. Towards the end of the scene, a girl (blindfolded and dressed in a sexy outfit), was pulled onto the stage via a string connected to the office chair on which she was seated. Although this girl appeared helpless and docile during her introduction, her character quickly morphed into a moaning extraordinaire, as she quickly belted out over 20 different sex sounds. Each had a theme, and each was distinctly different from the last (impressive, I know).
As I left the play feeling empowered and satisfied, I happened to run into the moaner and applauded her performance. I cracked a joke saying, “I wonder what your father would think of that.” Her response: “He was sitting in the front row.” Damn, that takes guts.
"Charles Tiayon, cartographer of the translation world
Charles Tiayon is a translator, lecturer and consultant whose Scoop.it activity reflects the professional universe named in his bio: translation, terminology, lexicography and intercultural issues. Through METAGLOSSIA, his public selection tracks language as a field of work, a field of rights, and a field being altered by AI.
A systems view of language Tiayon looks at translation as a living system. His selections connect interpreters, translators, dictionary makers, universities, publishers, language activists and software companies, rather than treating them as separate worlds.
Technology with memory AI is a recurring concern, but it is not treated as the whole story. Real-time speech translation, OCR and voice AI appear alongside older and slower forms of linguistic work: dictionaries, terminology, literary translation and language education.
A multilingual compass The geographic spread is notably international, with attention to French, Spanish, Chinese, Arabic, Maltese, Breton, Ukrainian, Filipino, Indigenous languages in Canada and Indian language politics. No single country dominates the map.
What defines this selection Archive-scale attention With 99,235 posts analysed in a single topic, this is a long-running, high-volume observatory of the translation world. The account dates back to 2011, giving the selection the feel of an archive as much as a live feed.
A broad professional lens The material moves easily between AI translation tools, national dictionaries, literary translation, terminology work, market news and language policy. That range reflects a professional view of language work as both craft and infrastructure.
Mixed-source reliability The sources span institutions, universities, technology companies, mainstream media and regional outlets. UNESCO, university sites, DeepL, Mistral, CBC, Ouest-France and other sources create a mixed diet of policy, research, product news and local reporting.
Specialist reach, public scale The audience numbers are substantial, with more than 567,000 views and over 424,000 unique visitors across all topics. The reach suggests sustained interest beyond a narrow specialist circle.
Topics ◍ Metaglossia: The Translation World This flagship topic covers translation, interpreting, intercultural communication, terminology and lexicography as they unfold in public life. It is especially strong on AI language tools, institutional language policy, minority languages, literary translation and dictionaries.
99.2K posts en Deep dives Where language becomes infrastructure Charles Tiayon’s main topic reads like a newsroom for the language professions, but with a wider lens than trade news alone. Translation, interpreting, terminology and lexicography appear beside minority-language rights, literary circulation, dictionaries, competitions, and the fast-moving world of AI speech and OCR tools.
Metaglossia: The Translation World
The strongest thread is the collision between language as culture and language as system. A new Maltese digital dictionary, a Doha historical dictionary with text-to-speech, UNESCO and Unicode cooperation, and First Nations language translation all sit in the same frame as DeepL, Mistral OCR, and real-time speech models.
Metaglossia: The Translation World
His editorial voice is not silent aggregation. The analysis points to regular INSIGHT notes, often substantial and quote-based, with an explanatory tone and occasional sharper framing when language politics or AI consequences are at stake. The result is a practical map of a field being reshaped by institutions, software, markets and communities at once."
Courtesy
Scoop.it
06.07.2026
#metaglossia_mundus
#metaglossia
Traduction d'extraits de naissance en ligne
"Le ministère de l’Intérieur a annoncé, le 31 août 2026, qu’il est désormais possible de demander la traduction d’un extrait de naissance en ligne.
Selon le ministère de l’Intérieur, ce service est disponible sur e-bawaba.tn . L’accès au site web nécessite la saisie de l’identifiant numérique mobile E-Houwiya.
La demande de traduction sera, automatiquement, communiquée à la municipalité où la naissance a été initialement enregistrée.
Ce service permettra, ainsi, de profiter de la traduction de l’extrait de naissance sans se rendre auprès des autorités concernées." https://espacemanager.com/ministere-de-linterieur-la-traduction-de-lextrait-de-naissance-disponible-en-ligne/ #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
"Le Vatican a accueilli l'une des journées de la troisième conférence du Centre international d'études de la conscience (ICCS), consacrée à l'impact des technologies sur l'art, la culture et l'esprit humain, ce 2 septembre 2026.
Au Vatican, philosophes et scientifiques interrogent les relations entre homme et IA La Casina Pio IV, dans les jardins du Vatican, accueille l'une des rencontres de la troisième conférence du Centre international d'études de la conscience (ICCS). Intitulée Créativité: Esprits et Machines, la journée a été consacrée à l'impact des technologies sur l'art, la culture et l'esprit humain. Selon le fondateur de l'ICCS, si la créativité de l'IA explose, «l'intelligence artificielle est comme une voiture rapide: il faut faire attention à ne pas percuter un mur». Eugenio Murrali - Cité du Vatican
Pour Dmitry Volkov, l'intelligence artificielle est comme une voiture: elle nous permet une accélération extraordinaire, mais lorsqu'on conçoit une belle voiture, surtout une voiture de course, «il faut accorder une grande importance à la conception des freins, très efficaces et fiables, pour éviter qu'elle ne s'écrase contre un mur». Le philosophe et entrepreneur technologique, fondateur du Centre international d'études de la conscience (ICCS), résume par cette image les possibilités offertes par cette technologie qui transforme notre époque et que la troisième conférence annuelle de l'ICCS explore en profondeur, soulevant les questions, parfois dérangeantes, nécessaires à l'analyse de l'impact de l'IA sur l'humanité.
L'IA est-elle vraiment créative ? Lancée hier à l'Université Roma Tre dans la capitale italienne, la conférence ICCS –Créativité: Esprits et Machines– s'est poursuivit ce mercredi à la Casina Pio IV au Vatican, avant de se conclure ce 3 septembre. Cette conférence réunit des philosophes, des neuroscientifiques et des experts internationaux en intelligence artificielle afin de débattre de la capacité de l'IA à être véritablement créative. Pour l'instant, selon Dmitry Volkov, une chose est sûre: l'IA peut contribuer à développer la créativité humaine, mais avec la nécessité d'être vigilants et de mettre en place des mécanismes de contrôle.
Le philosophe italien Pietro Perconti, cofondateur de l'ICCS, estime également qu'«il n'est pas absurde de parler de créativité artificielle». «Bien entendu, de nombreuses mises en garde s'imposent ; la prudence est de mise. La créativité issue des machines diffère de celle que nous avons l'habitude de concevoir. Il s'agit d'une créativité différente, à apprécier comme une entreprise collective plutôt que comme le fruit du génie d'un seul artiste, comme on a généralement tendance à le penser en Occident.»
Les vidéos sont un parfait exemple des avantages et dangers de la créativité des machines. Dmitry Volkov se souvient que «pendant de nombreuses années, produire une vidéo, tourner un film ou créer un dessin animé était une activité réservée à une poignée de personnes». En effet, cela exigeait d'apprendre à dessiner et à animer des images sur ordinateur, tandis que l'IA a désormais permis à des milliers de personnes de créer leurs propres films ou dessins animés – bref, de s'exprimer. Le philosophe met toutefois en garde contre un effet secondaire de ce qu'il appelle une «explosion de créativité»: les deepfakes , la manipulation de photos, de vidéos ou d'images qui nuit aux individus.
«L'effet sycophante» L'intelligence artificielle a tendance à faire en sorte de plaire à ses utilisateurs. Cette disposition est qualifiée d'«effet sycophante», un biais de complaisance, qui va jusqu'à flatter l'usager au détriment de l'exactitude des informations. Ce comportement, avertit Dmitry Volkov, «conduit parfois une personne à être récompensée de son narcissisme et d'idées insuffisamment fondées. C'est une caractéristique importante dont nous devons être conscients.» Cette attitude des machines peut être atténuée: «les nouveaux modèles actuellement disponibles sont en réalité beaucoup plus indépendants et autonomes.»
Lire aussi Léon XIV appelle à humaniser la technologie au service de la vie et de la paix 28/08/2026 Léon XIV appelle à humaniser la technologie au service de la vie et de la paix À ce stade, il est légitime de se demander si l'IA est ou pourrait devenir consciente. La position du fondateur du centre de réflexion est nuancée: «En philosophie, nous avons un terme technique précis pour la conscience: qualia.» Qualia, terme latin dérivé de quale, désigne les aspects qualitatifs des expériences conscientes. Ils correspondent à «une sensation particulière, un sentiment subjectif, quelque chose que l'on ressent à l'instant présent».
Par exemple, explique-t-il: «si je vois du rouge, j'ai l'impression de voir du rouge, donc j'en suis convaincu; c'est l'un des qualia les plus simples et fondamentaux.» Poursuivant son explication, le philosophe parvient à cette conclusion personnelle: «Je pense que la recherche n'en est qu'à ses débuts. Mais d'une manière générale, je crois que les humains sont des systèmes mécaniques et que nous verrons des phénomènes similaires chez les ordinateurs. Ainsi, à un moment donné, nous serons capables de repérer une IA consciente et nous devrons apprendre à la gérer.»
Apprendre à intéragir avec l'IA Durant cette journée au Vatican, comme l'explique le philosophe italien, les discussions poursuivent un objectif ambitieux: «tenter de comprendre s'il est possible, voire pertinent, d'imaginer des relations entre êtres humains et compagnons artificiels – amitiés, relations d'attention, relations sentimentales.» Les intellectuels réunis au Vatican s'interrogent sur la façon dont ces relations peuvent être productives et, au contraire, préoccupantes. Dans leurs échanges, les experts gardent à l'esprit le message de l'encyclique Magnifica Humanitas de Léon XIV: «Ce que dit l'encyclique, à savoir placer l'humain au centre, n'est pas seulement un besoin religieux, c'est un besoin humain.»
Un message qui a guidé les participants de la conférence. «Étant donné que notre monde se transforme en un monde de relations numériques, comment pouvons-nous prendre en compte cette préoccupation humaniste fondamentale dans un monde qui devient lui aussi numérique ?» Pour le philosophe, il existe une réponse: «Nous devons nous éduquer aux relations avec l'intelligence artificielle, et il s'agit essentiellement d'entreprendre une phase d'éducation publique.»" Au Vatican, philosophes et scientifiques interrogent les relations entre homme et IA - Vatican News https://share.google/HvIMm5JqLscFjvv20 #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
"Tether Releases Open-Source AI Translation Models for African and European Languages New models run privately and offline on everyday devices, with TranslatePsy-AfriSLM outperforming far larger systems, opening a path to local-language education and health knowledge for underserved communities across Africa; a parallel TranslatePsy-EuroNano release brings the same technology to nine European languages 2 September 2026 – Tether AI Research today announced the launch of new families of open-source AI translation models designed to run directly on smartphones, laptops, and other edge devices with a primary focus on Sub-Saharan Africa. The release includes QVAC TranslatePsy-AfriSLM and QVAC TranslatePsy-AfriNano, supporting 19 and 8 African languages respectively, alongside QVAC TranslatePsy-EuroNano covering 9 European languages.
By processing translations locally, the TranslatePsy models can operate without an internet connection while keeping users’ data on their devices rather than sending it to third-party cloud servers.
What Translation Unlocks For The Underserved
For hundreds of millions of people across Africa, one of the barriers to modern AI is language. The most powerful tools run in a few major languages and depend on the cloud, putting them out of reach for many.
TranslatePsy-AfriSLM supports Hausa, Amharic, Yoruba, Lingala, Swahili, Igbo, Zulu, Somali, Oromo, Malagasy, Kinyarwanda, Xhosa, Afrikaans, Wolof, Luganda, Nyanja, Shona, Tswana, and Southern Sotho. Together, these languages span West, East, Central, and Southern Africa and represent roughly half of Africa’s population.
Translation across 19 African languages can unlock the ability to deliver courses, educational content, scientific material, and AI-powered learning tools directly to children and adults in their own languages.
Despite containing just 800 million parameters, the smallest TranslatePsy-AfriSLM model outperformed Qwen3.5-122B-A10B, TranslateGemma-27B, and NLLB-3.3B across the FLORES-200, BOUQuET, and SMOL translation benchmarks.
A key innovation is the introduction of a new quality-estimation filtering method that removes up to 96% of low-quality open-source training data. By improving the quality of the underlying data, Tether AI Research was able to achieve stronger translation performance with significantly smaller models.
Healthcare will be one of the highest-impact applications. Patients may speak different local languages, while connectivity can be unreliable in the communities that need information most.
Combined with Tether QVAC MedPsy, a small foundation model for medical and healthcare applications, TranslatePsy-AfriSLM creates a potential pathway to deliver medical knowledge and health education in the local languages of hundreds of millions of people.
Such systems would require appropriate safeguards and clear boundaries between health education and clinical care, but the potential impact is substantial.
Agriculture, Humanitarian Response, and Cross-Border Communication
The applications extend well beyond education and healthcare. Farmers could receive agricultural information in local languages, helping translate technical knowledge into practical guidance. In humanitarian and disaster-response settings, where camps and affected areas may have poor connectivity.
For NGOs and field organizations, local-language translation could help field workers communicate across multiple communities without carrying separate translation systems for every language.
Tether has spent years building physical touchpoints in these communities. Across Sub-Saharan Africa, its solar-powered kiosks let residents charge a phone, swap a battery, and access digital financial services where the grid and the banking system do not reach. Those same hubs could become places where a family charges a phone by day and, by evening, where children watch a science documentary in their own language, or parents learn new farming techniques from a local-language video, turning a charging point into a point of access to knowledge.
The Same Approach, Applied in Europe
The same design principle underpins a parallel release for European languages. Tether AI Research’s TranslatePsy-EuroNano replaces dozens of separate bilingual models with two compact multilingual models per performance tier. Using English as a pivot, the models support 90 translation directions across nine European languages. The smallest deployment requires just 36MB of storage, compared with 633MB for an equivalent Firefox offline translation configuration, reducing storage requirements by approximately 94%.
TranslatePsy-EuroNano, the highest-quality model in the European family, retained 98.4% of Meta’s NLLB-200 translation quality when translating into English while using a fraction of the storage required by larger systems.
“Four billion people were left behind by the traditional financial system, and the most powerful technology of our age has repeated that failure,” said Paolo Ardoino, CEO of Tether. “Language should not determine who can benefit from artificial intelligence. Open translation models like these are a step toward a future where education and AI tools reach hundreds of millions of people who have neither reliable connectivity nor access to expensive systems. A mother could get real medical information she understands, instead of guessing. A child could learn in their own language. That is the future we are building through QVAC.”
TranslatePsy-AfriSLM is available for download on Hugging Face at this link, in three sizes (full-precision and smaller quantized versions):
qvac/TranslatePsy-AfriSLM-0.8B qvac/TranslatePsy-AfriSLM-2B qvac/TranslatePsy-AfriSLM-4B TranslatePsy-Nano is available for download on Hugging Face at this link: https://huggingface.co/collections/qvac/translatepsy-nano. It supports both European and African language translation, with models offered in full-precision and quantized versions: :
qvac/TranslatePsy-EuroNano qvac/TranslatePsy-AfriNano The research underpinning TranslatePsy-AfriSLM has also been accepted for presentation at the Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP) 2026 conference.
About Tether AI Research
Tether AI Research is part of Tether’s broader vision to advance freedom, transparency, and innovation through technology. Its mission is to enable people and organizations to connect and share information directly, without unnecessary intermediaries. By creating secure, peer-to-peer systems, Tether AI Research gives users greater control over their data, communications, and digital interactions. Tether AI Research aims to redefine how information flows across networks by replacing centralized models with decentralized infrastructure designed for privacy, efficiency, and resilience.
*References to Tether AI Research mean Tether Data, S.A. de C.V.
About QVAC
QVAC is Tether’s advanced AI research initiative dedicated to building open, decentralized, and adaptive intelligence systems. Its mission is Local AI and Infinite Intelligence. It is guided by an uncompromising vision of a world where AI lives and learns on any device, empowering individuals and communities rather than concentrating power in corporate data centers." https://tether.io/news/tether-releases-open-source-ai-translation-models-for-african-and-european-languages/ #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
"L'ouvrage d’Issa Hassane sur les enfances en crise traduit en cinq langues
Publié en français en 2025 aux Éditions Universitaires Européennes, l’ouvrage du Dr Issa Hassane consacré à la représentation de l’enfance dans trois œuvres majeures de la littérature africaine est désormais disponible en anglais, en allemand, en italien, en espagnol et en portugais.
Il y a un an, le 4 juin 2025, nous annoncions la publication de deux ouvrages d’Issa Hassane aux Éditions Universitaires Européennes : Enfances en crise dans la littérature africaine : L’Aventure ambiguë de Cheikh Hamidou Kane, Allah n’est pas obligé d’Ahmadou Kourouma et Le Chercheur d’Afriques de Henri Lopes et Imaginaires du voyage et de la migration dans les cultures sahéliennes : textes-écrans d’Issa Hassane. Un an après cette première parution, le premier ouvrage est désormais disponible dans cinq nouvelles langues : l’anglais, l’allemand, l’italien, l’espagnol et le portugais. Il paraît en anglais sous le titre Children in Crisis in African Literature, en allemand sous celui de Krisenhafte Kindheiten in der afrikanischen Literatur, en italien sous le titre Bambini in crisi nella letteratura africana, en espagnol sous celui de Niños en crisis en la literatura africana et en portugais sous le titre Crianças em crise na literatura africana. À travers cette étude, Issa Hassane analyse la représentation de l’enfance en situation de crise dans trois œuvres importantes de la littérature africaine : L’Aventure ambiguë de Cheikh Hamidou Kane, Allah n’est pas obligé d’Ahmadou Kourouma et Le Chercheur d’Afriques de Henri Lopes. La traduction de cet ouvrage en cinq langues élargit son accessibilité et permet à de nouveaux lecteurs de découvrir cette réflexion consacrée à l’enfance, à ses épreuves et à sa place dans les imaginaires littéraires africains. Les différentes versions sont proposées sur plusieurs plateformes de vente en ligne, notamment Amazon et Momox Shop." Rédigé le 30 Août 2026. Publié dans Culture. Source : informations communiquées à Nigerdiaspora par Dr Issa Hassane. Boubé G. (Nigerdiaspora) https://nigerdiaspora.net/culture/litterature-louvrage-dissa-hassane-sur-les-enfances-en-crise-traduit-en-cinq-langues #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
Center for Assessment of Sign Language Interpretation (CASLI)
"NEW CASLI Exam Rates Effective October 1, 2026
Please be advised that CASLI examination fees will increase effective October 1, 2026.
Examination fees have not been adjusted since January 2023. This adjustment is necessary to reflect the continued increase in the costs associated with administering, maintaining, and supporting CASLI’s examination programs.
The updated fees will help CASLI maintain the quality, security, and accessibility of its examination programs while providing the resources needed to sustain and strengthen CASLI’s testing services for the future. This includes supporting ongoing program improvements, technology and infrastructure needs, examination development and maintenance, as well as opportunities to expand and grow CASLI’s testing program for RID certification program to meet the evolving needs of the profession.
Important Fee Information
Examinations requested on or before September 30, 2026 will retain the current examination fee during the 30-day purchase period.
Examinations requested on or after October 1, 2026 will be subject to the new examination fees.
To request an exam, log into your CASLI account and select Request an Exam to complete and submit the Exam Request Form.
We recognize that the increase in examination fees may present financial challenges for some candidates. Candidates are encouraged to explore available financial assistance opportunities, including the RID Scholarship Program, RID state-affiliated chapters, state and local organizations, and interpreting agencies that may have funds or other resources available to help support the cost of examinations.
We appreciate your understanding and continued support of CASLI as we work to strengthen our certification programs and build a sustainable foundation for future growth and opportunities.
For complete information regarding the updated examination fees, please visit our website.
For the new exam rates, please go to: New CASLI Exam Rates as of October 1, 2026"
https://www.casli.org/2026/08/27/new-casli-exam-rates/ #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
"Hayy Jameel Library research lab explores translation beyond language special A research lab at Jameel Library is inviting people to take a broader view of translation — as a way of moving between languages, images, sounds, experiences and different forms of knowledge.
Short Url https://arab.news/gfa6y
The Task of the Translator Research Lab, developed and facilitated by artist and editor Sarasija Subramanian, runs until Aug. 30 Brings participants together for collective reading, watching and listening sessions, alongside exercises exploring language, accessibility, subjectivity and the idea of the original Updated 31 August 2026 16:22
JEDDAH: A research lab at Jameel Library is inviting people to take a broader view of translation — as a way of moving between languages, images, sounds, experiences and different forms of knowledge.
The Task of the Translator Research Lab, developed and facilitated by artist and editor Sarasija Subramanian, runs until Aug. 30. It brings participants together for collective reading, watching and listening sessions, alongside exercises exploring language, accessibility, subjectivity and the idea of the “original.”
“The starting point for us was the idea of translation as something much bigger than moving from one language to another,” said Khaled Al-Qahtani, library and research coordinator at Jameel Library.
“We are constantly translating between languages, but also between images and words, between what we see and what someone else might experience, between different ways of knowing and understanding.”
The week-long program explores what happens when an image is described for someone who cannot see it, when sound is translated into words, or when an experience is communicated through another form.
Al-Qahtani said: “We wanted the lab to create a space where we could slow down and actually examine those processes. What happens when you describe an image for someone who cannot see it? What happens when you translate sound into words, or an experience into another form? What is gained, what is lost, and what kinds of new meanings can emerge?”
For Subramanian, the project comes from her interest in “expanded translation,” a concept that considers movement between mediums as translation.
“The lab comes from my own interest as an artist and editor in the field of expanded translation, where translation is not only about moving from one language to another, but also thinking of information and ideas moving from one medium to another,” she said.
Subramanian works with drawing and tracing as forms of translating images, while her publishing house, Reliable Copy, works with artists to translate their ideas and research into books.
“The primary drive of the lab is to be able to consider these kinds of shifts between mediums as translation, and consequently to question translation’s need to be faithful to the ‘original’, and to rethink the mandate that we must be objective and impersonal during the process,” she said.
The lab also examines accessibility through tools including alt-text, audio descriptions and closed captions.
Subramanian said such tools were often viewed as additional accommodations for visually impaired audiences but could also encourage people with sight to look more closely.
“When we write alt-text for a painting, or audio-descriptions for a film, we see the image or the video through a very different point of view, which reveals to us details and nuances that we would otherwise overlook,” she said.
She compared translating an image to translating a text from English into Arabic, where every word, punctuation mark and piece of context must be considered.
“It is the same with an image, or a video,” she said, adding: “As such, the lab as a whole is to look at material we encounter on a daily basis closely, and rethink the ways in which we communicate and share.”
Subramanian said this approach also challenges the idea of a single, fixed interpretation, allowing different perspectives to become part of the process: “The question then, or the task, is to be able to use these subjectivities as a tool and an aid, instead of seeing them as inherently wrong.”
For Al-Qahtani, Jameel Library was a natural setting for the project because libraries already bring together different languages, histories and forms of knowledge.
“Libraries are already spaces of translation in a way,” he said.
The project, he added, sought to make the library more than a place for presenting research, turning it into a space where research could unfold collectively through experimentation, conversation and making.
Accessibility also requires cultural institutions to question assumptions about how audiences are expected to look, listen, read or participate.
“We often design cultural experiences around an assumed audience and an assumed way of looking, listening, reading or participating,” Al-Qahtani said. “Accessibility asks us to question those assumptions.
“For me, accessibility is not something that should come at the end of a process, as an additional service or adjustment. It can actually change the way we think about the work from the beginning.”
Guest lecturer Sara H. Hammami, a librarian, book artist and poet, sees translation as closely connected to culture and human connection.
She said translation could create movement toward understanding, curiosity and respect, but that this required openness from everyone in a multilingual environment.
“In any multilingual space this requires a curiosity regardless of the language one is starting in/moving towards it must be reciprocated by everybody for the kind of fluidity and warmth that can be brought forward from a space of translation,” she said.
Her work across libraries and translation has also shaped her view of accessibility. Cultural institutions, she said, have a responsibility to make audiences feel welcome: “The more people are given the opportunity and chance to attend and participate in these conversations and spaces, the stronger and more imaginative we become as a cultural landscape,” Hammami said.
In Saudi Arabia, she sees language equity as an important starting point.
“I feel language equity in a multilingual space is one of the first and most accessible ways to start building accessibility for our public,” she said. “I wonder what it might do for us and our language if we were to enter more cultural landscapes and find materials not only in Arabic, English, or French, but also in Tagalog, Urdu, or Bengali. I imagine a future in which everyone feels invited to these spaces and moments.”
Artist Park McArthur also approaches translation through questions of access, language and power.
“Translation and access could be shared phenomenon known by different names,” McArthur said, adding that stories and ideas move between languages through translation, whether through curiosity or other forces: “The power dynamics of language and access make something like force hard to pin down, actually. Power is an element of language and access.”
McArthur said language also extends beyond the linguistic.
“Artistic traditions and experimentation teach me that language is linguistic, while it is also a way of doing things, a means of gathering, a ritual, a performance,” she said.
She wants audiences to reconsider the traditional relationship between an original work and its translation. She also argued that the original also depends on translation for its circulation and continued use.
“We are perhaps more accustomed to approaching the act of translation as ‘dependent upon’ an originary text. An originary text is dependent upon versioning and translation for its circulation, its use, for its ongoing care,” she said.
Her own contribution to the program illustrates that relationship. An artistic experiment describing a day at the beach as a space for gathering was translated from English into Arabic by Al-Qahtani.
“Khaled’s translation, which I have no linguistic access to, extends this gathering, this day at the beach, which I dream of,” McArthur said.
While the lab is designed for participants who responded to the open call, its wider public programming opens the conversation to a broader audience." Afshan Aziz August 31, 2026 16:08 https://www.arabnews.com/saudi-arabia/hayy-jameel-library-research-lab-explores-translation-beyond-language-2656443 #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
" 500 Years of the Tyndale Bible Five centuries later, Tyndale’s work still shapes our Bibles, language, and theology.
09/1/26 John Stonestreet Glenn Sunshine
Among the many milestones marked in 2026 is the 500th anniversary of William Tyndale’s translation of the New Testament, and later the Old Testament, into English. His commitment that common people should have the Bible in their own language eventually led to his execution. Still, his translation has influenced English Bibles ever since.
Tyndale, an Oxford scholar, was ordained to the priesthood in 1515. A reformer in the church, he was heavily influenced by Martin Luther. In fact, it was because Luther published a translation of the New Testament into German in 1523 that Tyndale decided to do the same for English.
Two centuries prior, John Wycliffe had been condemned by the Catholic Church as a heretic for translating the Bible into Middle English. Because every unauthorized translation of the Bible was prohibited as heresy, Tyndale’s bishop refused to grant permission and likely flagged Tyndale as a Lutheran sympathizer. Since Henry VIII was executing Lutherans for heresy, this became very dangerous for Tyndale.
So, in 1524, Tyndale fled to Germany so that he could translate the Scriptures, print them, and smuggle copies back to England. He sent the first copies of the New Testament to England in 1526 and then began work on the Old Testament. His New Testament was quickly condemned by Bishop Tunstall of London, who warned booksellers against it, bought all available copies, and publicly burned them. His actions, however, did not have their desired result. Even many faithful Catholics questioned whether it was appropriate for an executioner to burn the Bible.
Henry VIII appealed to Holy Roman Emperor Charles V to have Tyndale extradited to England on charges of heresy. Though Charles was no friend to Lutherans, he refused on the grounds that Henry had presented no formal evidence. In 1530, Tyndale further angered Henry by publishing The Practice of Prelates. In it, he opposed Henry’s annulment of Catherine of Aragon (the first of the king’s wives to be annulled) and argued against the misbehavior of Catholic clerics.
In 1535, Tyndale was arrested in Antwerp on suspicion of heresy and imprisoned in Brussels. Rather than stand trial, the Roman Catholic inquisitor Jacobus Latomus allowed Tyndale to defend his theological positions in written communications. The two debated with replies and counter-replies, from which Latomus wrote a book. Interestingly, Bible translation was not an issue in these discussions. In fact, Tyndale was allowed to continue translating the Old Testament while in prison.
Latomus concluded that despite several important points of agreement between the two, Tyndale held views common to Protestants that had been condemned by the Catholic Church. Though Latomus seems to have attempted to save Tyndale, he was ultimately unsuccessful. Tyndale’s ideas were found heretical according to Rome, a capital offense.
On October 6, 1536, William Tyndale was tied to a stake, strangled, and his body burned. He was 42.
Though he never completed his translation of the entire Bible, his legacy and influence continue. His translation of the entire New Testament, the Pentateuch, and Jonah were used in the Coverdale Bible, published a year before his execution and the first complete Bible published in Early Modern English. The Matthew Bible of 1537 and the Great Bible of 1539, which was the first royally authorized English Bible, also used his translation of these books. In fact, a majority of the New Testament and the first half of the Old Testament in the King James Version were likely taken from Tyndale’s translation.
Tyndale coined common words and phrases used in translations such as Passover, scapegoat, mercy seat, and atonement—a word with the etymological breakdown of “At one with God.” He also coined phrases such as “Let there be light,” “the powers that be,” “it came to pass,” and “the signs of the times.”
Tyndale’s work laid the foundation for virtually every English Bible translation of the past 500 years and left a major mark on the English language and our theological vocabulary. The 500th anniversary of his New Testament is an opportunity to be grateful for his work and its impact on the world." https://breakpoint.org/500-years-of-the-tyndale-bible/ #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
"by: Ben Breen
Posted: Sep 1, 2026 / 03:50 PM EDT
Updated: Sep 1, 2026 / 03:50 PM EDTVERMON (ABC22/FOX44) – Earlier this year, a complaint alleged Vermont prisons have failed to fairly accommodate ICE and Border Patrol detainees who don’t speak English. The Department of Corrections has now agreed to provide translation and language resources for all prisoners.
The complaint, back in January, was filed by the Vermont Human Rights Commission – and accused the Vermont DOC of restricting access to attorneys, not using qualified interpreters, and failing to provide translations for important instructions – like on how to seek medical care.
According to the agreement, Vermont prisons will have to determine the language in which each inmate is most fluent, and arrange for translations. Vermont Asylum Assistance Project staff, including attorneys, will also be allowed to confidentially meet with anyone detained on behalf of ICE or Border Patrol every two weeks.
Read the full 29-page agreement hereDownload The agreement also requires information on seeking medical care to be posted in the 10 most common languages spoken in Vermont.
As of U.S. Census data released in 2025, that would mean English, French, Spanish, German, Nepali, Chinese, Bosnian, Italian, Russian, and Mandarin Chinese.
CSWD partners with VLJP to create ‘How-To Recycle Right’ Videos in 15 Languages “This agreement ensures that all people incarcerated in Vermont, including ICE and Border Patrol detainees, will not be denied equal treatment in state correctional facilities due to language barriers,” says Big Hartman, Executive Director of the HRC. “We appreciate DOC’s willingness to … discuss practical measures to provide equal treatment for individuals housed in DOC facilities who do not speak fluent English.”"
by: Ben Breen
Posted: Sep 1, 2026 / 03:50 PM EDT
Updated: Sep 1, 2026 / 03:50 PM EDTVERMONT
https://www.mychamplainvalley.com/news/local-news/vermont/vermont-inmates-to-be-provided-translation-language-resources/ #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
Luma aims to help Arabic teams in the region to develop and deliver creative work in a more natural and intuitive way.A creative intelligence platform in Arabic designed for creative communities Luma Agents currently supports Arabic-language prompting and generates Arabic-language creative outputs Luma aims to help Arabic teams in the region to develop and deliver creative work in a more natural and intuitive way.
"Luma Agents currently supports Arabic-language prompting and generates Arabic-language creative outputs. The new update will localise the total user experience, including navigation, menus and workflow tools.
Jason Day, Head of EMEA at Luma AI, announces the Arabic interface during a panel at LEAP 2026 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Luma AI has revealed that Luma Agents, its unified AI creative platform, will offer a fully native Arabic-language interface later this year.
This will be a creative intelligence platform in Arabic designed for creative communities in Saudi Arabia and the wider MENA region.
Luma Agents currently supports Arabic-language prompting and generates Arabic-language creative outputs. The new update, announced at LEAP 2026 in Riyadh, will localise the total user experience, including navigation, menus, and workflow tools.
The update is a direct result of Luma’s strategic partnership with HUMAIN, as well as engagement with creatives and enterprises in Saudi Arabia.
Arabic will be the first non-English interface language available on Luma Agents, enabling creators across Saudi Arabia and the wider Arabic-speaking world to work in their native language as they move between ideas and production workflows.
Luma AI expands access to Arabic creative AI Arabic-language interfaces remain uncommon among AI generation platforms, despite rapid growth in demand for AI-powered content creation across the GCC and wider MENA region.
By localising the Luma Agents interface, Luma aims to remove a practical barrier for creative professionals working primarily in Arabic, allowing teams in the region to develop and deliver creative work in a more natural and intuitive way on a platform that speaks to their language.
It also forms part of Luma’s broader investment in the country – including the establishment of its regional headquarters in Riyadh.
“Over the past year, we have been listening to and understanding the needs of the creative community in Saudi Arabia,” said Jason Day, Head of EMEA at Luma AI.
Day added, “The process of localizing the interface has been guided by the creative community, for the creative community in the Kingdom. Providing Luma Agents in Arabic enables the 400 million Arabic speakers worldwide to be prolific – going from first idea through to the finished outcome without the friction of working in multiple languages.”
The fully localised Arabic-language interface for Luma Agents will begin rolling out later this year." Sep. 02, 2026 Anup Oommen https://campaignme.com/luma-ai-to #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
"Lost in translation: Edmonton case reveals longstanding worries about unqualified interpreters in Alberta courts "This type of situation may lead to unnecessary adjournments, appeals and new trials," the report states
Hundreds or thousands of people facing criminal charges in Alberta may have received unfair trials due to subpar language translation services, lawyers say in response to recently disclosed documents detailing problems with the province's court interpreter system.
Hundreds or thousands of people facing criminal charges in Alberta may have received unfair trials due to subpar language translation services, lawyers say in response to recently disclosed documents detailing problems with the province’s court interpreter system.
An Edmonton judge is currently hearing arguments in the case of Ramjit Sandhu, who was convicted earlier this year of sexual assault. The conviction comes after Sandhu’s second trial, after an earlier guilty verdict was thrown out over “seriously inadequate” translation by the Punjabi language interpreter appointed to the case.
Sandhu’s lawyer, Kristofer Advent, has since obtained internal court documents showing both courts and government knew about longstanding problems with how Alberta courts handle language interpreting.
One document, produced in 2021 by a now-defunct review committee, said “the hiring of unqualified interpreters is an issue” and not “isolated incident(s).”
“This type of situation may lead to unnecessary adjournments, appeals and new trials,” the report states. The committee ultimately opted against making any recommendations, though, because members were “unable to reach a consensus with respect to the government’s involvement in funding, issues of training and accreditation requirements.”
Advent said he was shocked to read the report, which he received this past spring as part of an evidence disclosure application. While many lawyers have stories about inaccurate courtroom translation, the defence bar and the public were never informed of the systemic issues courts and government knew about, he said.
“Basically what they acknowledge in there is ‘inaccurate resolution of cases,’ which is nice language for wrongful convictions and miscarriages of justice,” Advent said. “As far as I’m aware, nothing has been done about it." By Jonny Wakefield Published Aug 31, 2026
https://edmontonjournal.com/news/crime/lost-in-translation-edmonton-case-reveals-longstanding-worries-about-unqualified-interpreters-in-alberta-courts #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
"‘Strong suspicion of bad faith’: Interpreters still fighting for lost wages after government breached contract
The federal procurement watchdog recommended Public Services and Procurement Canada pay damages to four complainants for lost work after the department violated contracts with freelance interpreters.
When the work suddenly dried up, Pamela Cousineau thought about leaving the country.
After three decades as a freelance interpreter, she was accustomed to setting money aside for just such a downturn.
But the spring of last year was different.
“It happened overnight without any prior warning — and it was bad,” she said. “People were anxious. Everybody was anxious.”
After Justin Trudeau resigned as Liberal leader in January 2025, Gov. Gen. Mary Simon agreed to prorogue Parliament while the party searched for his replacement.
For freelance interpreters — who provide live translation services at public meetings on Parliament Hill and for federal departments — the pause on Parliamentary business meant the sudden cancellation of months of work.
“We thought when (the federal Translation Bureau) had cancelled, that meant they had no work,” Cousineau said. “It’s okay if that’s the case. The problem was that wasn’t the case.”
As it turned out, the work hadn’t stopped for everyone.
Instead, according to four interpreters who filed complaints with the federal procurement watchdog, the government breached the terms of the interpreters’ contracts “in secrecy” by awarding the available work to a subset of freelancers who were charging the lowest prices.
In a series of reports published earlier this year, the Office of the Procurement Ombudsman agreed that in doing so the government had violated its contracts with the interpreters. The ombud recommended Public Services and Procurement Canada (PSPC) pay out damages for the lost wages.
In each case, the office described “a strong suspicion of bad faith” on the part of government, but ultimately decided the evidence wasn’t strong enough to judge intent.
Feds finalize new rules for freelance interpreters, risking shortages on Parliament Hill
Could new rules worsen an interpreter shortage in Parliament?
About six months later, Cousineau says she and the other complainants are still fighting for the wages they say they’re owed.
‘Carried out in secrecy’ According to a timeline laid out in the reports, three freelance interpreters sent letters to PSPC on April 25, 2025, expressing concerns over a “significant deviation” from the terms of their contracts.
Under those contracts, the government was required to award work to qualifying interpreters at random once it had determined enough suppliers met the requirements, including quality, for a given event.
Through conversations with colleagues, Cousineau got a sense those rules weren’t being followed.
“We know each other,” she said. “There aren’t many of us.”
Among the pool of about 70 freelance interpreters working with the federal Translation Bureau, Cousineau said all the work was going to just three interpreters, while the rest were getting nothing.
This advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below. Article content “Some of them were actually complaining that they were getting so much work that they didn’t have a single day off,” she said.
So, she wrote to the bureau, seeking an explanation.
After hearing nothing for weeks, one of the four complainants followed up on May 12, according to the ombud. In June, another followed up again.
They were met with silence until June 17, when PSPC promised individual answers to all the interpreters.
“It took a very, very long time,” Cousineau said. “It took about three months before we got a letter back from the government saying, ‘Yeah, you’re right. We haven’t been following the rules.’”
According to the ombud reports, PSPC admitted it “did not fully” respect the contract between Feb. 1 and April 28, 2025, saying the breach was due to a “misunderstanding” of one clause as well as “internal miscommunication.”
In a Feb. 24 response to the reports, PSPC said it “promptly conducted an internal review” after receiving the initial letter in April.
“Additional steps have already been taken to ensure compliance with contract clauses, such as centralizing the work attribution function under a single authority to ensure better oversight,” the statement read.
The interpreters were unconvinced.
“The pattern of conduct in the administration of this contract — as evidenced in this sworn statement — leaves no doubt: the violation was not accidental, but the product of intent to deceive, bad faith, and knowing and intentional wrongdoing — a deliberate course of action carried out in secrecy,” one wrote in their complaint.
In each case, the ombud found the department had violated the contract. Although the ombud suspected bad faith, the office didn’t have enough evidence to establish intent.
The ombud recommended PSPC reach an agreement within 60 days to pay damages to the interpreters.
Nearly 200 days later, Cousineau said she and the other interpreters have yet to reach a deal, despite lawyering up.
The problem, she said, is that only the department knows how much money the interpreters would have received had the department followed the rules — and it isn’t willing to share that information.
“The process has been long and painful,” she said.
PSPC spokesperson Mario Morneau said in an email that the department could not provide further details, citing ongoing negotiations.
In the coming months, Cousineau said the cases will move into arbitration-mediation, but she isn’t holding out much hope for a positive result.
Lowest-bid system is the new standard Christine Pellerin, a freelance interpreter and member of the Canadian section of the International Association of Conference Interpreters, said evidence in the ombud reports “was overwhelmingly damning.”
“I think that the ombud provided a report that went as far as they could because a claim of bad faith is kind of nuclear in government circles,” she said.
Pellerin said the reports dropped shortly after the federal government finalized new procurement rules for freelance interpreters, which make a “lowest-bid system” the new standard.
The association has derided the rules, saying they will result in worse working conditions and lower wages.
“Parliament can’t get enough interpreters, but they’re not creating procurement tools that allow for the industry to sustain itself,” she said." Ben Andrews Aug 31, 2026
https://ottawacitizen.com/public-service/interpreters-lost-wages-government #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
"The future of African languages will not be secured by preserving them only in books, archives and cultural memory. They must also be used in news media, science and public life, and built into the data and artificial intelligence systems shaping the future.
That message took centre stage as the North-West University’s (NWU’s) Indigenous Language Media in Africa (ILMA) research entity marked its 10th anniversary with a two-day symposium at the Birchwood Hotel and OR Tambo Conference Centre in Kempton Park on 25 and 26 August 2026.
Held under the theme “Legends of the past, present and tomorrow”, the symposium explored how indigenous language media can connect historical knowledge with current communication practices and the future of indigenous expression and identity.
ILMA was officially established in 2016. Its research has since covered African-language print, broadcasting and digital media, as well as journalism, democracy, development, political economy and indigenous communication systems.
Language and power
Speaking at the opening, Prof. Dumi Moyo, executive dean of the Faculty of Humanities, said the anniversary celebrated more than ILMA’s first decade. It also recognised a community of scholars whose work has helped establish indigenous language media as a field of academic inquiry.
Prof. Moyo said language remains closely linked to power across Africa, where colonial languages continue to dominate government, education, business and media. Indigenous language media therefore have a role in giving communities greater voice and recognition.
He said ILMA’s work has contributed to decolonising media studies and establishing indigenous languages as legitimate vehicles for knowledge production and public communication. He also acknowledged ILMA director Prof. Abiodun Salawu for helping move indigenous language media from a peripheral concern into a recognised academic field.
Messages of goodwill stream in
Support for ILMA’s work was also reflected during the opening ceremony.
Dr Keaobaka Seshoka, CEO of the Pan South African Language Board, delivered a goodwill message, followed by a goodwill message from Reggy Moalusi, executive director of the South African National Editors’ Forum. Prof. Mirna Nel, deputy dean for research and innovation in the Faculty of Humanities, also delivered a message.
The anniversary’s central challenge came from keynote speaker Prof. Monica Chibita of Uganda Christian University. Her address, “Preservation and more: Indigenous language media, social change and the African Knowledge Society”, argued that indigenous language media should no longer be viewed simply as tools for protecting languages from extinction.
Alive and growing
“Indigenous language media do something more than preserve. They allow people to participate in the present,” she said.
Prof. Chibita said indigenous languages enable people to engage with public policy, health, education, business and knowledge. Their importance will grow as algorithms and AI increasingly influence how people communicate and access information.
She called for “dynamic preservation”, keeping languages alive by using them in investigative journalism, climate science, public health, entrepreneurship, coding, data journalism and artificial intelligence.
Looking towards ILMA’s second decade, Prof. Chibita said African languages must be represented not only in content, but also “in the labs, in the code, in the data, in the standards and in the governance.”
After a decade of building scholarship around indigenous language media, ILMA now faces a new frontier. Its challenge is no longer simply to demonstrate that African languages have a place in modern communication, but to ensure they help shape the technologies, knowledge systems and media platforms of the future." https://news.nwu.ac.za/ilma-marks-10-years-taking-african-languages-ai-age #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
Et si demain vous pouviez dialoguer avec une intelligence artificielle en wolof ou en pulaar ? C’est le pari de deux jeunes entrepreneurs sénégalais qui ont développé Awa, un assistant conversationnel capable de comprendre et de répondre dans ces langues africaines. Une innovation qui ambitionne de rendre les outils d’intelligence artificielle plus accessibles aux locuteurs des langues locales. Habib Diao nous fait visiter leur société Andakia avant le lancement officiel de l’outil.
À première vue, elle ressemble à n’importe quelle intelligence artificielle conversationnelle. Mais contrairement à la plupart des outils numériques disponibles aujourd’hui, Awa comprend et répond en Wolof et en Pulaar. Une innovation développée par deux jeunes entrepreneurs sénégalais : Alioune Badara Mbengue et Pape Gorgui Ndoye.
« On a une intelligence artificielle qui s'appelle Awa. Awa se veut être le compagnon, l'ami de tout le monde et qui vous aide à faire tout ce que vous avez besoin de faire. Et cette application là se veut vraiment être ce qu'on appelle une super app. Tout ce dont l'usager a besoin, il doit pouvoir le demander à Awa. Que ce soit une information, que ce soit l'accès à un service, commander à manger, je veux me déplacer, j'ai besoin d'envoyer un colis parce que pour nous, l'intelligence artificielle va devenir une couche, j'ai envie de dire invisible, dans toutes les interactions que les humains ont », présente Alioune Badara Mbengue.
L’idée de création de cette intelligence artificielle est née d’un constat simple, explique-t-il : « AI for development, qui a publié cette étude, montre que la somme de toutes les langues africaines, les données qu'elles représentent sur Internet, c'est moins de 0,02 % de l'ensemble des données disponibles sur Internet. Aujourd'hui, quand vous avez des modèles d'intelligence artificielle, sans en citer, ils s'entraînent justement sur ces données. Et du coup, c'est normal que ces modèles ne soient pas très aptes à s'exprimer dans les langues africaines, justement parce qu'elles sont sous-représentées en termes de données. Donc, c'est le défi principal. Et lorsque nous, on travaille sur ces modèles là, justement, le premier défi est d'avoir de la donnée de qualité, de traiter ces données pour pouvoir entraîner des modèles qui soient aptes à comprendre ces langues-là ».
Avant même son lancement officiel, cette IA suscite déjà un vif intérêt auprès du public. C'est ce qu'affirme Pape Gorgui Ndoye, co-fondateur d’Awa : « Le 18 juillet. On compte enfin lancer Awa. Là on est très optimistes parce qu'on a vu en tout cas beaucoup de retours de beaucoup de gens qui attendent impatiemment l'arrivée d'Awa, qui pourra en tout cas avoir un impact très fort sur leur quotidien ».
Après le Wolof et le Pulaar, les créateurs d’Awa comptent élargir les capacités de leur outil et intégrer d’autres langues africaines. Une étape importante pour cette jeune pousse sénégalaise qui ambitionne de rendre l’intelligence artificielle plus accessible aux locuteurs des langues locales africaines."
Publié le : 01/09/2026 - 00:13
https://www.rfi.fr/fr/podcasts
#metaglossia
#metaglossia_mundus
"When Language Excludes: Linguistic Ostracism, Psychological Ownership, and Destructive Voice Behavior How language-based exclusion shapes employee behavior and highlights the important role of involvement-oriented work practices in multilingual workplaces
ABSTRACT Workforces are becoming increasingly multilingual, yet relatively little is known about how language-based exclusion shapes employee behavior. Drawing on social exchange theory, we examine how linguistic ostracism, a subtle form of workplace exclusion, undermines employees' organization-based psychological ownership and subsequently increases destructive voice behavior. We argue that linguistic ostracism weakens employees' felt sense of possession, connection, and responsibility toward the organization, thereby increasing the likelihood of organization-directed retaliatory voice. Furthermore, we propose that perceived high-involvement work practices (HIWPs) buffer these adverse effects by reinforcing employees' sense of value, inclusion, and influence within the organization. Across two studies, we find consistent support for our theorizing. Study 1, a vignette experiment involving 301 employees, demonstrates that linguistic ostracism increases destructive voice behavior. Study 2, a three-wave multisource field study of 241 employee–supervisor dyads, shows that organization-based psychological ownership mediates the relationship between linguistic ostracism and destructive voice behavior. In addition, perceived HIWPs weaken the negative relationship between linguistic ostracism and psychological ownership, thereby reducing the indirect effect of linguistic ostracism on destructive voice behavior. By integrating workplace ostracism, psychological ownership, and perceived HIWPs research, this study advances understanding of how language-based exclusion shapes employee behavior and highlights the important role of involvement-oriented work practices in multilingual workplaces." Ghulam Murtaza, Rahman Khan, Yasin Rofcanin, Muhammad Zeshan First published: 30 August 2026 https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.70067Digital Object Identifier (DOI) EPUB
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1748-8583.70067 #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
"A Literature Review on Intercultural Competence
As part of the PADMICA project, the consortium, led by ELTE, prepared a comprehensive literature review on interculturality, intercultural competence, and the cultural adaptation of international students. The author of the literature review is Nguyen Luu Lan Anh, a professor at ELTE and a Doctor of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA).
The literature review provided an important professional background and starting point for the further activities of the project. Among other things, its findings contributed to the development of the PADMICA Intercultural Preparation Module, which aims to support the development of intercultural competence among students participating in international mobility.
The study examines, across four chapters, the factors influencing the cultural adaptation of international students, the role of intercultural competence in this process, and the methods that can be used to support its development.
Main topics covered by the literature review:
International Students and Mobility The first chapter presents the situation of international students, with particular attention to the importance of preparation before mobility and support following students’ return home. Cultural Adaptation and Acculturation The second chapter reviews the literature on acculturation and the cultural adaptation of international students. It addresses, among other things, experiences during mobility and after returning home, as well as factors that may influence the different outcomes of studying abroad. Intercultural Competence The third chapter focuses on intercultural competence. It presents its key components and theoretical approaches, and reviews opportunities for its development and assessment, as well as development programmes aimed at international students. Practical Recommendations for Intercultural Preparation Drawing on the findings of the literature review, the fourth chapter provides practical recommendations for designing and implementing intercultural preparation programmes. The literature review therefore not only helped establish a strong professional foundation for the PADMICA project, but also provides consolidated knowledge and practical insights that may be useful to professionals working at higher education institutions in the fields of international mobility and student support." https://www.elte.hu/en/a-literature-review-on-intercultural-competence #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
"A Life in Translation
Language Politics, Education, and the Mother Tongue
Public lecture by Dr Mohini Gupta
Abstract
This talk reflects on my personal journey with literary translation and how it has shaped my academic trajectory over the years. I explore how my work as a translator – particularly my decision to translate young readers’ literature from English into Hindi – has shaped the kinds of pathways, questions, and opportunities available to me within the translation ecosystem. Working across literature, languages, and translation has also transformed my understanding of what I have long called my “mother tongue” – a term that carries shifting, layered, and often contradictory meanings in the South Asian context. I reflect on how translation has forced me to think more critically about linguistic hierarchies, postcolonial power relations, and the politics of education that continue to privilege certain languages while marginalising others. I also connect this with my ongoing academic research on language politics and education in India and Nepal. The talk also engages with the complications of decolonising language narratives within the nation, especially when ideas of authenticity, belonging, and linguistic pride sit uneasily alongside histories of exclusion and shame. Finally, I reflect on how my decisions in and about translation have changed over time, and what these shifts have taught me about translation not only as a professional practice, but as an intellectual and ethical way of relating to language.
Bio
Dr Mohini Gupta recently completed a D.Phil. from the Faculty of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies, University of Oxford, and is now a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Aarhus University, Denmark. Her academic work lies at the intersection of linguistics, education and anthropology in South Asia. She has been a Charles Wallace India Trust Translator-Writer Fellow hosted by Literature Across Frontiers in Wales, and a Translator-in-Residence at the Sangam House International Writers' Residency in Bangalore. Her writings and translations have been published by Routledge (UK), Honno Press (Wales), and Tulika Books (India). Most recently, her Hindi translation of Vikram Seth's poetry collection, Beastly Tales, has been published by Speaking Tiger. She is also on the Board of Trustees at the National Library of Wales, the Board of Management at the Vedica Scholars Programme for Women, and the Executive Committee of the Translators’ Association of India.
Details
Time: 2 Sept. 2026, 14:30-16:00
Place: South Campus, Building 10, 3rd Floor, ToRS Lunch Room
Organizer: Department of Cross-Cultural and Regional Studies"
https://ccrs.ku.dk/calendar/2026/a-life-in-translation/
#metaglossia
#metaglossia_mundus
"The 2026 Language AI Report, “Borderless Business: Transforming Translation in the Age of AI”, from DeepL reveals that while enterprises are increasingly investing in AI, many have yet to integrate automation into core systems and still rely on manual workflows for critical global operations.
Based on survey data from business leaders in the United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, and Japan, the report examines how enterprises manage multilingual workflows today and identifies translation as one of the most overlooked – yet critical to day-to-day operations.
Key findings include:
35% of global businesses still rely on fully manual translation workflows 33% use traditional translation automation, such as translation management systems combined with human review Only 17% have deployed next-generation AI tools (LLMs or agentic AI) for translation, meaning 83% have not 33% cite global expansion as their primary driver for investing in Language AI “AI is everywhere, but efficiency is not,” said Jarek Kutylowski, CEO and Founder of DeepL. “Most companies have deployed AI in some form, yet few achieve real productivity at scale because core workflows remain designed around people, not systems.
“That’s why fixing the workflow, not just the model, is essential.”
The report shows that translation now plays a direct role across multiple business functions, with enterprises reporting the strongest operational impact in:
Sales and marketing (26%) Customer support (23%) Legal and finance (22%) At the same time, the report shows growing recognition of the need for change, with 71% of business leaders saying that transforming workflows with AI is a priority for 2026. Looking ahead, respondents expect the greatest returns from AI-driven translation in customer experience, employee productivity, sales performance, and faster time-to-market, reflecting growing pressure on organizations to demonstrate measurable AI ROI.
“It’s not just about language – it’s about processes and structure,” said Harry Witzthum, Chief of Digital Transformation and AI at Caritas. “Organizations need to rethink whether their operating models are actually designed to deliver on the promises that AI brings.”
Categories: Human Resources, News, Technology" https://www.smehorizon.com/manual-translation-processes-still-stifling-enterprises/?amp=1 #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
A successful multilingual event doesn’t happen by accident. 🌍
"When an event brings together speakers and participants from different countries and language backgrounds, professional interpreters play a vital role in making sure everyone can participate, understand and be heard. On the last day of the ATT event in Geneva, we’d like to thank our host, the interpreters and the wider event team for helping make every discussion, presentation and exchange flow seamlessly." https://primeproductionltd.com/thank-you-to-our-interpreters%F0%9F%98%8A/ #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
"Les ouvrages de Sembène qui ne se contentent jamais de raconter une histoire : ils portent en eux la respiration d'un continent en train de se redresser. “Les Bouts de bois de Dieu”, publié en 1960, année charnière s'il en fut, celle où tant de nations africaines accédèrent à la souveraineté, appartient à cette catégorie rare d'œuvres où la littérature cesse d'être un simple exercice esthétique pour devenir un acte de refondation. Sembène Ousmane, qui n'était pas encore le cinéaste que l'on sait mais déjà un docker, un syndicaliste, un autodidacte nourri à l'école du travail manuel et de la lecture nocturne, y déploie une fresque romanesque d'une ampleur rare dans les lettres africaines de langue française. Le sous-titre, Banty Mam Yall, « les fils du même toit », en wolof, annonce d'emblée le projet : dire l'unité d'un peuple par-delà les frontières artificielles tracées par le colonisateur, de Dakar à Bamako en passant par Thiès.
Se pencher aujourd'hui sur ce texte, depuis Dakar, dans la langue même où il est écrit, c'est renouer avec une œuvre fondatrice dont la portée dépasse largement son ancrage historique. C'est aussi mesurer combien l'écriture de Sembène demeure singulière : ni tout à fait roman occidental, ni tout à fait récit oral africain, mais un troisième objet, hybride et volontaire, que l'on pourrait appeler, pour reprendre une formule chère à la critique postcoloniale, une épopée prolétarienne africaine.
Quand l'Histoire dicte le roman
Le roman prend sa source dans un événement réel et documenté : la grève des cheminots de la ligne Dakar Niger, qui immobilisa le chemin de fer pendant plusieurs mois, entre l'automne 1947 et le printemps 1948. Sembène, qui n'a pas vécu directement cette grève, il était alors tirailleur puis docker à Marseille, a néanmoins mené un travail quasi ethnographique de collecte de témoignages, à la manière d'un griot moderne qui irait chercher la matière de son chant non dans la légende ancestrale mais dans l'actualité
brûlante du siècle. Cette démarche rapproche d'emblée Sembène d'un Émile Zola enquêtant sur les mineurs de Germinal, ou d'un Maxime Gorki puisant dans le vécu ouvrier russe la matière de La Mère : chez les trois écrivains, le roman se veut document autant que fiction, et la grève y fonctionne comme révélateur des rapports de force qui structurent une société entière.
Mais là où Zola cède parfois à un déterminisme presque biologique et où Gorki verse dans une pédagogie révolutionnaire très marquée, Sembène invente une troisième voie : il fait du collectif lui même le protagoniste du roman, en une démarche qui doit autant à l'esthétique du réalisme socialiste qu'à la structure narrative des épopées mandingues, où le récit avance par blocs, par tableaux successifs, chaque ville, Bamako, Thiès, Dakar, devenant un chapitre autonome avant que les fils ne se renouent.
Le refus du héros unique
C'est sans doute la trouvaille la plus audacieuse du roman : Sembène refuse le protagonisme individuel au profit d'une polyphonie narrative. Certes, Ibrahim Bakayoko, le syndicaliste itinérant, revient comme un fil conducteur, tel un griot moderne qui va de ville en ville porter la parole de la grève et tisser la solidarité entre les sections syndicales. Mais il n'est jamais isolé en position de héros romanesque classique ; il apparaît, disparaît, laisse le récit à d'autres voix, celle de Tiémoko, jeune gréviste fougueux et parfois maladroit dans son ardeur révolutionnaire, celle du vieux Fa Keïta, gardien de la sagesse ancienne et des rites, celle enfin, et c'est peut-être le plus significatif, des femmes.
Car le roman est aussi et surtout un roman de l'émancipation féminine, ce qui, pour un texte écrit par un homme en 1960, mérite d'être souligné sans anachronisme complaisant. Ramatoulaye, doyenne de sa concession, qui finit par sacrifier le bélier sacré de son frère pour nourrir la communauté affamée par la grève ; Penda, ancienne prostituée devenue organisatrice charismatique de la marche des femmes de Thiès à Dakar ; Maïmouna, l'aveugle dont le chant accompagne la colonne en marche comme une basse continue, toutes trois incarnent un basculement narratif où la parole féminine, longtemps cantonnée à la sphère domestique, envahit l'espace public et politique. La grande marche des femmes vers Dakar, point culminant du roman, constitue à cet égard l'une des scènes les plus puissantes de toute la littérature africaine du XXe siècle : ce n'est plus la faim qui parle, mais la dignité qui avance, en un mouvement dont le rythme même de la prose, phrases courtes, martelées, presque scandées, épouse la cadence de la marche.
Prose qui pense en wolof et écrit en français
On a souvent reproché, à tort, à l'écriture de Sembène une certaine sécheresse, comme si le style ne parvenait pas à la hauteur du souffle. Cette lecture manque l'essentiel. Sembène ne cherche pas l'ornement stylistique à la manière d'un Senghor puisant dans la sève d'une négritude célébrant l'image et le rythme incantatoire ; il vise une efficacité narrative proche du reportage, où chaque phrase avance le récit collectif. Le lecteur retrouve ici une parenté avec le naturalisme européen dans le souci du détail matériel, le nombre de sacs de riz, le prix du mil, l'état des rails, mais cette précision documentaire est constamment traversée par des embardées lyriques, notamment lorsque le texte s'attarde sur les chants, les proverbes, les formules rituelles que profèrent les vieilles femmes ou les griots.
Cette tension entre l'oralité africaine et l'écriture romanesque européenne est au cœur du projet stylistique de Sembène. Les dialogues, truffés de proverbes wolof ou bambara traduits en français, donnent au texte une saveur particulière, une manière de faire entendre, sous la langue du colonisateur, le rythme et la sagesse de la langue maternelle, procédé que l'on retrouvera plus tard, avec d'autres inflexions, chez Ahmadou Kourouma, dont le « français de brousse » dans Les Soleils des indépendances pousse cette hybridation jusqu'à la subversion syntaxique. Sembène, lui, reste plus classique dans sa syntaxe, mais tout aussi radical dans son ambition : faire du français, langue du maître, l'instrument de la révolte du colonisé.
Le rail comme métaphore totale
Le chemin de fer Dakar-Niger n'est pas un simple décor : il est la colonne vertébrale symbolique du roman, l'objet même autour duquel se noue le conflit. Construit par le travail forcé, arrosé du sang des travailleurs indigènes, le roman ne cesse de rappeler, en écho sourd, le souvenir des « regards fixes » des morts enterrés sous les traverses, le chemin de fer incarne à la fois l'instrument de l'exploitation coloniale et, paradoxalement, l'outil qui rend possible la solidarité ouvrière moderne. C'est parce que le rail relie les villes que la grève peut se propager, que les syndicalistes peuvent voyager, que l'information circule. Sembène opère ainsi un renversement dialectique très fin : l'infrastructure de la domination devient, entre les mains des travailleurs organisés, l'infrastructure de leur émancipation. On pense, toutes proportions gardées, à la façon dont Frantz Fanon, dans Les Damnés de la terre, analysera quelques années plus tard comment la violence structurante du système colonial peut se retourner en force libératrice, Sembène anticipe, par la fiction, une intuition que la théorie politique formulera ensuite.
Le titre lui-même mérite qu'on s'y arrête : « les bouts de bois de Dieu » désignent, dans une expression imagée, les hommes eux-mêmes, créatures de Dieu, mais aussi bois que l'on taille, que l'on façonne, que l'on brise parfois. Il y a dans cette formule toute l'ambivalence du roman : ces travailleurs sont à la fois matière brute soumise à l'exploitation et sujets d'une histoire qu'ils finissent par écrire eux-mêmes, en substituant à leur statut d'objet celui, conquis de haute lutte, de sujets politiques.
Sembène et ses pairs : une place à part dans le canon
Il est éclairant de situer Sembène par rapport aux grandes figures contemporaines de la littérature africaine francophone. Là où Camara Laye, dans L'Enfant noir, choisit l'introspection et la nostalgie d'une enfance guinéenne préservée du choc colonial direct, Sembène choisit la confrontation frontale, presque documentaire. Là où Mongo Beti, dans Le Pauvre Christ de Bomba, privilégie l'ironie mordante et la satire du discours missionnaire, Sembène opte pour un ton plus grave, plus proche du drame social. Et là où Senghor élève la négritude au rang de célébration esthétique et métaphysique de l'être noir, Sembène, marxiste de formation et de conviction, s'en méfie : il préfère l'analyse matérialiste des rapports de classe et de race à l'exaltation identitaire, quitte à s'attirer les foudres d'une partie de l'intelligentsia de son temps qui le jugeait trop « politique », pas assez « littéraire », reproche que l'histoire littéraire a depuis largement démenti.
Le rapprochement le plus fécond reste peut-être celui avec Chinua Achebe, dont Le Monde s'effondre, paru la même année 1958 qui précède de peu “Les Bouts de bois de Dieu”, partage avec le roman de Sembène le souci de restituer une civilisation africaine dans sa complexité propre, loin des clichés exotisants. Mais l'un regarde vers l'arrière, vers la déstructuration d'un monde igbo par l'irruption coloniale, quand l'autre regarde vers l'avant, vers l'émergence d'une conscience de classe et de nation qui dépasse les cadres ethniques traditionnels, les grévistes du roman sont wolof, bambara, toucouleur, et c'est précisément la grève qui les unit par-delà ces appartenances, préfigurant les nations à venir.
Les limites d'une œuvre engagée
Toute critique honnête doit aussi interroger les zones de fragilité du texte. Le didactisme, parfois, affleure trop nettement : certains dialogues entre syndicalistes frisent le tract politique déguisé en conversation, et l'on sent, par endroits, la patte du militant qui prend le pas sur celle du romancier. De même, la caractérisation des personnages français, administrateurs coloniaux, directeurs de la compagnie ferroviaire, verse parfois dans un schématisme qui, s'il se justifie par la logique même du roman social où les individus incarnent des positions de classe plus que des psychologies singulières, prive le lecteur de la nuance que Sembène sait pourtant déployer avec une remarquable finesse pour ses personnages africains. On pourrait objecter, à la décharge de l'auteur, que ce déséquilibre est lui-même un geste politique : renverser le regard, faire du colonisé le sujet complexe du récit et reléguer le colonisateur à la fonction, longtemps réservée au colonisé dans la littérature coloniale, de simple type sociologique.
Postérité et résonances contemporaines
Plus de six décennies après sa publication, “Les Bouts de bois de Dieu” n'a rien perdu de sa capacité à interroger le présent. À l'heure où les luttes syndicales et sociales continuent de traverser le continent africain, où les questions de justice sociale, de dignité du travail et d'émancipation des femmes demeurent d'une actualité brûlante à Dakar comme ailleurs, le roman de Sembène résonne moins comme un témoignage d'archive que comme un texte prophétique. La marche des femmes de Thiès à Dakar, en particulier, préfigure d'une manière presque troublante les grandes mobilisations féminines qui, du continent africain au monde entier, continuent de redéfinir l'espace politique.
C'est peut-être là la marque des grandes œuvres : elles ne racontent pas seulement un passé, elles éclairent, par la force de leur construction et la justesse de leur regard, les luttes qui continuent. Sembène, qui deviendra plus tard le « père du cinéma africain », portait déjà dans ce premier grand roman toute l'ambition qui traversera son œuvre cinématographique : donner voix et visage au peuple, refuser les récits d'en haut, et faire de l'art un instrument au service de la conscience collective.
“Les Bouts de bois de Dieu” est donc un monument. Non pas au sens figé et muséal du terme, mais au sens où l'entendait Sembène lui-même : un monument vivant, dressé par et pour ceux qu'on avait réduits au silence, cheminots, femmes, vieillards dépositaires de la mémoire. En choisissant le collectif contre l'individu, l'oralité contre le seul académisme littéraire français, la marche contre l'attente, Sembène a écrit l'un des très grands romans du XXe siècle africain, une œuvre où la littérature retrouve sa fonction la plus ancienne et la plus noble : dire le monde tel qu'il est pour mieux annoncer celui qu'il pourrait devenir. " Babacar Korjo NDiaye 30/08/2026 https://www.seneplus.com/article/le-rail-le-peuple-et-la-parole-lecture-de-les-bouts-de-bois-de-dieu-dousmane-sembene #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
People/Entities at different levels of a hierarchy have different functions/ responsibilities, not better or worse ones There is nothing in nature requiring every individual to be at the top, and being at the top is not automatically the best position under every circumstance. Hierarchies organize relationships, responsibilities, resources, and influence. We are the ones who make the additional mistake of turning those differences into judgments about who matters more
Key points Social rank and status by themselves do not provide objective measures of an individual's worth. Research does not show that having less status, power, or money has any objective meaning. People at different levels of a social hierarchy have different responsibilities, not better or worse ones. We live in a world that places enormous emphasis on being at the top. We are encouraged to make more money, gain more power, move higher within organizations, and achieve greater recognition. There is nothing inherently wrong with wanting any of these things. The problem comes when we assume that having them makes someone more important, more successful as a human being, or somehow better than people who have less.
From a scientific perspective, there is surprisingly little reason to make that assumption. Research on social hierarchies across animal species does not support the simple idea that individuals lower in a hierarchy necessarily experience greater stress, poorer health, or worse functioning than those at the top. Dominance can certainly provide advantages, including greater access to resources. However, the effects of rank vary considerably depending on the species and social environment, and being at the top can carry significant physiological and behavioral costs.
Robert Sapolsky's (2004) research on primates is particularly interesting in this regard. His work demonstrates that there is no universal relationship between low social rank and elevated stress. Whether dominant or subordinate animals experience greater physiological stress depends on characteristics of the particular social system. Being lower in a hierarchy is not inherently harmful. What matters considerably more is what that position actually means within a particular social environment.
Motivations Behind Valuing Hierarchical Status in Humans This raises an interesting question when we turn to human hierarchies. The people who benefit most from a hierarchy have a strong reason to convince everyone else that their position is especially important. Someone with considerable wealth has an obvious incentive to believe that wealth is an important measure of success. Someone with considerable organizational power may similarly be inclined to believe that possessing power demonstrates greater importance. But the fact that people are motivated to believe something does not make it objectively true.
We see this constantly in modern society. Wealth, job titles, organizational authority, celebrity, and social influence are regularly treated as if they provide information about a person's underlying worth. Yet having more money primarily tells us that someone controls more financial resources. Having a higher position in an organization tells us that the person has greater authority within that organization. Neither fact, by itself, demonstrates that the individual is more valuable as a human being.
Animal social organization provides a useful comparison. Being higher in a hierarchy can mean having different responsibilities, greater access to resources, and greater influence over what happens within the group. It can also mean greater competition, more challenges from others, and greater costs associated with maintaining one's position. Individuals lower in a hierarchy may perform different functions that are no less necessary to the functioning of the group. Hierarchical position describes a relationship among individuals. It does not provide an objective measure of the inherent value of those individuals.
Workplace Roles and the Myth of Innate Importance Consider the workplace. A corporate owner or executive develops plans, makes decisions, and directs resources. Other employees carry out many of those plans and perform the work necessary for the organization to function. These are different roles involving different responsibilities and different levels of authority. It does not logically follow that the person making the plan is inherently more important than the people whose work makes the plan possible.
The same reasoning applies to money. Having more money gives someone greater access to resources and greater ability to influence certain situations. Those are real advantages, and there is little reason to pretend otherwise. But greater access to resources is not the same thing as greater human worth. We make an enormous conceptual leap when we move from "this person has more resources" to "this person is therefore better or more important."
There is another reason to question these messages. People occupying privileged positions may be especially motivated to preserve systems of thinking that make those positions appear important. If my status contributes substantially to how I define myself, I have a reason to emphasize the importance of status. Convincing other people that my position deserves admiration can also help reinforce my own belief in its importance.
This becomes particularly relevant when someone makes you feel inadequate because you earn less money, have a less impressive title, possess less authority, or occupy a lower position in an organization. You do not need to deny that hierarchies exist. You also do not need to pretend that money and power have no practical advantages. You simply need to avoid adding a conclusion that the facts do not justify: that someone possessing more of these things is therefore a better or more important person.
The Psychology of Elevating Oneself by Diminishing Others People sometimes try to elevate themselves by lowering the perceived value of others. When that happens, their judgment should not automatically become your judgment of yourself. Their need to emphasize their status may tell you considerably more about how they understand their own position than it tells you about your worth.
The research on social hierarchy provides a useful reminder. There is nothing in nature requiring every individual to be at the top, and being at the top is not automatically the best position under every circumstance. Hierarchies organize relationships, responsibilities, resources, and influence. We are the ones who make the additional mistake of turning those differences into judgments about who matters more." Daniel Marston Ph.D. Posted August 24, 2026 Reviewed by Jessica Schrader
References Robert M. Sapolsky. 2004. Social Status and Health in Humans and Other Animals. Annual Review of Anthropology 33:393-418. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.anthro.33.070203.144000" https://www.psychologytoday.com/za/blog/comparatively-speaking/202608/being-at-the-top-is-not-the-same-as-being-better #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
"A weekend report in The Australian has raised questions about whether the foreign university affiliations of an interpreter for successive Australian prime ministers are a national security issue.
The fact that successive Australian leaders – from Bob Hawke to John Howard, Tony Abbott and Anthony Albanese – have reportedly used the same interpreter, Charles Qin, in full view of intelligence agencies, suggests the answer is no.
There may be times when the decision about who interprets in a meeting between presidents, prime ministers and other leaders is a matter of national security.
History is littered with examples. But nothing suggests anything like those instances is the case with the Australian government’s choice of interpreter for top-level meetings with China.
In World War II, Gottlieb Fuchs, a Swiss citizen working as an interpreter for the Gestapo commander in occupied France, was a secret triple agent, also working for the French Resistance and Swiss authorities.
In the Cold War, a Czech translator was recruited by the KGB and infiltrated the CIA for years until his arrest in 1984 for passing secrets to Moscow.
In the Second Iraq War, military contractor linguists were investigated and prosecuted by the FBI and stripped of fraudulently obtained citizenship after being accused of having dual loyalties and stealing classified documents.
And in December 2017, Stanislav Yezhov, a personal translator and aide to then Ukrainian prime minister Volodymyr Groysman, was arrested for treason, having worked for Russian intelligence for years.
These cases all involved interpreters, translators and linguists with access to classified documents and state secrets – in other words, the ability to obtain and transfer information that could harm national interests.
But this is not the case where a role is limited to interpreting or translating a diplomatic meeting.
In the case of Mandarin–English interpreter Qin, each occasion would have at least been authorised, if not recommended, by the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and accepted by intelligence agencies. It means trust in Qin is considered adequate and that risk has been assessed as low enough to be manageable. Assuming of course that all of his foreign affiliations have been disclosed.
For transparency, it’s helpful that The Australian has reported that Qin holds visiting appointments at Chinese universities that ASPI’s China Defence Universities Tracker rates ‘very high risk’. But this should be put in context.
The Tracker risk rating attaches to an institution, not to everyone who has ever stood in a lecture theatre associated with it. Work history of course matters. But individuals born, or who have worked or studied, in China should be treated on their own merits. And great care should always be taken to distinguish the Chinese Communist Party from people who are Chinese by citizenship or ethnicity.
ASPI produces the Tracker to help universities, companies and policymakers engage with China’s research system with eyes open. It sorts institutions, not individuals, by the risk of the Chinese government using the relationship for military or security purposes. Governments, universities and companies dealing with Chinese entities should use the Tracker as a due diligence tool, not as an automatic blacklist. Its purpose is to help in risk navigation, not risk avoidance, as a means of promoting confidence in engagement.
The Tracker tells you that Sichuan University, where Qin was a visiting professor, has defence and security links worth taking seriously. We would advise an Australian university or state or federal body to form no agreement with such a defence-related Chinese organisation, because doing so could create a systemic risk. But this does not necessarily extend to a professional relationship with individuals associated with such organisations, such as visiting professors.
Additionally, all of China’s top universities are included in the Tracker and have at least some links to China’s security and defence sectors. It would not be in Australia’s broader interests to assume that all of China’s most talented individual students and professors are therefore suspect.
The Tracker is only one among many sources of information with which universities, public servants and companies should assess whether an individual associated with an institute should be engaged and, if so, to what extent.
The role of an interpreter will depend on context. If he or she is only in the diplomatic meeting itself, the risk is far less than being an adviser in the prime minister’s office or an official in DFAT. Having been present in such interactions, we well know that an interpreter used solely for meeting interactions is not a fly on the wall with access to the deliberative process behind the words. That is, the interpreter is not in the preparatory meetings involving strategy, tactics and classified intelligence. He or she hears only what the principals decide to put on the record, in front of the other side, precisely because it is meant to be communicated. That means any exposure is bounded by design.
This is not to say there are no risks. Politicians and officials can say things when they think the other side has left the room.
The most likely risk of translation mishap comes from unintended misinterpretation or literal translations. In November 1956, Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev spoke at a reception in Moscow and quoted Marxist theory to say that socialism would survive longer than capitalist systems. The interpreter translated the phrase word-for-word into English as ‘We will bury you.’ After Western audiences took it as an implied nuclear threat, Khrushchev had to clarify.
More embarrassingly, during Jimmy Carter’s 1977 visit to Poland, his freelance interpreter, Steven Seymour, made several mistranslations, including that Carter had not just left the US for Poland ‘this morning’ but ‘forever’ and instead of expressing Carter’s interest in the Polish people’s ‘desires for the future,’ the interpreter made it sound as though Carter wanted to touch Polish people sexually.
Of course, presidents and prime ministers should ensure they trust interpreters who are speaking for them.
One option to be considered is creating a government Mandarin interpretation service for the prime minister, foreign and defence ministers, employing only interpreters with security clearances. DFAT, with support from intelligence agencies, could run this.
Even then, don’t miss the forest for the trees. The interpreters in a diplomatic meeting between Australian and Chinese leaders are important but comparatively low on the spectrum of national security threats. At the end of the meeting, perfect translation would matter more if leaders such as President Xi Jinping and Foreign Minister Wang Yi themselves talked honestly and if they actually carried out their promises on topics such as human rights, cyberspace and military affairs.
In this way, the interpreter matters, but it is more important that Australia prepares for China’s actions, not words.
Author
Justin Bassi is executive director at ASPI and James Corera is director of ASPI’s Cyber, Technology and Security program."
https://www.aspistrategist.org.au/a-prime-ministerial-interpreter-and-interpreting-risk/
#metaglossia
#metaglossia_mundus
"Chatting naturally with a computer now feels routine, but as MIT Technology Review’s Elise Cutts reports, the large language models behind that fluency are shockingly data-hungry compared to human toddlers. Meta’s Llama 3.1 trained on 15 trillion tokens; a preteen raised in a language-rich home hears something like 100 million words. “We still have to burn down a forest and scrape the entire sum of all human knowledge to re-create this milestone that happens in our living rooms over the course of a year,” says Stanford cognitive scientist Michael Frank.
Closing the gap
Researchers are now using children’s own learning process as a blueprint. The BabyLM competition, founded by linguist Alex Warstadt, challenges teams to train models on just 100 million “developmentally plausible” words drawn from storybooks and child-directed speech. Meanwhile, projects like Princeton’s newly detailed 1,000-day home-recording study aim to capture what children actually see and hear. As Georgetown’s Ethan Wilcox puts it, “Claude has seen the amount of language that an entire city will experience in one generation” — humans still learn it in a living room."
MIT Technology Review |
August 31, 2026
https://geneticliteracyproject.org/2026/08/31/its-not-childs-play-teaching-a-computer-to-use-language-requires-an-inhuman-amount-of-data-and-it-still-learns-much-more-slowly-than-kids/
#metaglossia
#metaglossia_mundus
One Film Released In 5 Languages At Once - The Complete Process Explained
"A film may be made in one language, but reaching audiences across India involves dubbing, voice casting, subtitles, certification and separate regional distribution.
Ever wondered how a film made in one Indian language also appears in Hindi, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada and Malayalam. You must be thinking that the filmmakers are making five different movies but no, that’s not true. In this article, we explain you the whole process behind this.
Usually, it is just one film, one set of visuals and one original production, which is then adapted for audiences speaking different languages. But that adaptation involves a lot more than simply putting the dialogue into Google Translate and getting an actor to read it. Multilingual releases like Toxic, Ramayana and I’m Game are a fairly complicated operation.
advetisement
First Things First: What Is The Original Language?
Every film has an original language in which it was recorded. For example, Toxic is a Kannada film and has been positioned as a major pan-India release, with versions available across multiple languages. The performances, dialogues, background sounds, music, editing and final visuals are all put together in the original production. The other language versions are then created from this master.
So What Exactly Is A Dubbed Version? A dubbed version is basically the same film where the original spoken dialogue is replaced with dialogue in another language. Let’s take for example that a character says something in Kannada. For the Hindi audience, that dialogue will be translated and adapted into Hindi. A Hindi-speaking voice artist then records it while watching the scene so that the delivery matches the actor’s performance as closely as possible. The same process happens for Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Kannada or other languages.
One thing important for you to note is that dubbing is not always a word-for-word translation. Imagine an actor says a joke in the original language that makes perfect sense to local audiences. If you translate those exact words into another language, the joke might sound completely stupid. Sometimes, some dialogues lose their meaning too if only local language people could understand the reference.
Then Who Gives The Voice? The actor on screen doesn’t necessarily provide the voice in every language. The voice casting do it. Actors who are comfortable speaking multiple Indian languages may dub their own lines. In fact, this can be a big selling point because the audience gets the star’s actual voice.
For example, the cast of RRR included actors who dubbed their performances in several languages, helping the film feel more authentic across different markets. But if an actor doesn’t speak a particular language fluently, the team brings in a professional dubbing artist. The voice has to suit the actor, match the actor’s expressions, pauses, emotions and timing.
What About Songs? A film may have its songs released in several languages. Sometimes the lyrics are translated and adapted. Sometimes the original song is retained. Sometimes a separate singer records the song for a dubbed version. The translated lyrics need to fit the music, rhythm, emotion and sometimes even the lip movements.
Certification Here’s something many people don’t realise: the film isn’t simply dubbed and sent straight to theatres. The theatrical versions have to go through the applicable certification process. A very recent example is Toxic.
The film’s Hindi version received an A certificate from the Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) after modifications were directed, including muting an abusive line directed at a child and trimming part of a drug-use scene. So even though you’re watching the same underlying film, a dubbed version can have its own certification journey.
Who Decides Where Each Version Will Release? This is the regional distribution part. A producer may have a film available in five languages, but that doesn’t mean every theatre in India will show all five versions. There is no point giving a small theatre in a region with very little demand 10 shows of a Tamil-dubbed version when audiences there overwhelmingly prefer the Hindi version. So distributors and exhibitors look at things here." Grace Cyril August 30, 2026 https://www.news18.com/amp/movies/bollywood/why-is-one-indian-film-released-in-5-languages-at-once-the-complete-process-explained-10300325.html #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
"..."It's a complete retranslation. It's not a revision of the old version," Wilson told The Associated Press during a recent Zoom interview from her home in Philadelphia, where she is a professor of classical studies at the University of Pennsylvania. "I'm about halfway through."
Regarded as the first major English-language translation of Homer's epic by a woman, her book was already a bestseller and a culture-wars flashpoint before the release of Christopher Nolan's blockbuster adaptation. But she says her translation methods have become more sophisticated and that enough time has passed for her to see some flaws in her work -- as an example, she overused the word "slave" when ancient Greek had different terms for different categories of enslaved people. The new edition will be longer, she says, and will better reflect the differing social worlds of Homer's poem.
Fiction writers and poets, from Henry James to Walt Whitman, have revised and reissued early works. But translators rarely start over on a full-length text -- especially not within a decade of the original work's completion, and not when the translation has had the success of Wilson's "Odyssey."
"I can't really come up with a previous example of this situation," says Kate Deimling, who oversees the literary division of the American Translators Association. "It's not unheard of for translators to go back and make some corrections or edits in subsequent editions, but that's not the same as a retranslation."
Asked how her publisher responded, Wilson says her decision was "very controversial." She says she's "very much aware" that having two recent editions by the same translator would be a challenge for teachers, and hopes they won't "curse" her name. Her editor at Liveright Publishing, Peter Simon, said in a statement that since she "has poured so much of her life and scholarship into 'The Odyssey' ... her new approach is bound to be thrilling."
Fame was of prime importance to the ancient Greeks, and Wilson is the rare classical scholar who has firsthand knowledge of a public life. Wilson's 2017 translation was praised by many critics for making "The Odyssey" feel more modern and accessible, but also faced criticism online for making the story "woke." Her "Odyssey" has now sold more than a million copies, and Wilson has again become a reason to argue.
Nolan had cited her translation and its opening sentence, "Tell me about a complicated man," as inspiration for his epic film. Wilson, who says she will "probably" leave the line unchanged in the next edition, did not return his admiration. In interviews with the AP and other media outlets, and in an assessment for the London Review of Books, she called the movie grandiose and superficial, and at times incoherent.
Her reaction to the film has been extensively -- even obsessively -- defended and denounced, including by Joyce Carol Oates, who faulted her "haughty superiority." Nolan has yet to respond directly, although, while being interviewed by podcaster Zhong Shu, he did speak out against "amateur criticism" for lacking the cinematic background essential for understanding the language of movies.
Wilson's current prominence aligns with the release of her new collection of essays, conceived well before Nolan's movie came out: "Crossing the Wine-Dark Sea," a book that arrives Tuesday with blurbs from Salman Rushdie and "Song of Achilles" novelist Madeline Miller. It features a long section on translating "The Odyssey," with tough assessments of modern editions by Daniel Mendelsohn and the late Robert Fagles. Other chapters take on the "slut-shaming" of Helen of Troy, offer tribute to the Roman poet Catullus and point to how some of the most famous words ever spoken by Robert F. Kennedy -- his quoting Aeschylus in the aftermath of the Rev. Martin Luther King's assassination -- echoed author Edith Hamilton's mistranslation.
During her interview, Wilson also discussed her feelings about celebrity, her disdain for Rick Riordan's "Percy Jackson" books (Riordan, through a spokesperson at Penguin Random House, declined to comment) and her renewed appreciation for Stoic philosophy." August 29, 2026 by Hillel Italie, The Associated Press https://www.texarkanagazette.com/news/2026/aug/29/emily-wilsons-odyssey-became-a-cultural/ #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
British council to host this specialised short course in Media Localisation and Accessibility, featuring leading experts from the two educational institutions
"Translation Matters II: Short Course in Media Localisation and Accessibility (11-13 September) A specialised short course in Media Localisation and Accessibility will take place in in Athens, Greece, featuring leading experts from CenTraS and the Ionian University.
In collaboration with the Centre for Translation Studies (CenTraS) at University College London and the Department of Foreign Languages, Translation and Interpreting at the Ionian University, the British council will host this specialised short course in Media Localisation and Accessibility, featuring leading experts from the two educational institutions.
Over the course of the workshop, specialists from CenTraS and the Department of Foreign Languages, Translation and Interpreting at the Ionian University will give lectures and lead hands-on workshops on topics such as dubbing, subtitling and media localisation, all explored through the lens of media accessibility and inclusivity.
Date: Friday 11 September 2026 to Sunday 13 September 2026
Location: British Council, 17 Kolonaki Square, 106 73 Athens
Participation fee: 195 euro
Deadline to register: Thursday 3 September 2026
For more details on the programme, speakers, participation fee and how to register, please visit the Translation Matters II: Short Course in Media Localisation and Accessibility website..."
https://www.ucl.ac.uk/arts-humanities/news/translation-matters-ii-short-course-media-localisation-and-accessibility-11-13-september #metaglossia #metaglossia_mundus
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