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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
June 16, 2016 3:56 AM
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Specialized proteasome subunits have an essential role in the thymic selection of CD8+ T cells Eleanor Z Kincaid, Shigeo Murata, Keiji Tanaka & Kenneth L Rock AffiliationsContributionsCorresponding author Nature Immunology (2016) doi:10.1038/ni.3480 Received 05 March 2015 Accepted 02 May 2016 Published online 13 June 2016
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
June 14, 2016 1:55 PM
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Do NK cells truly show memory-like response to antigen? Monobenzone [hapten] study
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
June 14, 2016 3:50 AM
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New biomarkers are needed for discriminating active tuberculosis (TB) from latent TB infection (LTBI) especially in vulnerable groups representing the major diagnostic challenge. This pilot study was carried out to explore the diagnostic potential of selected genes, IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-4, and FoxP3, associated with TB immunity and immunopathology. IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-4, and FoxP3 mRNA expression levels were measured by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) from antigen-stimulated PBMCs of patients with active TB (n = 25); patients with miscellaneous inflammatory disorders and concomitant LTBI (n = 20), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) being the most predominant in the group (n = 11); and in healthy Bacillus Calmette-Guérin BCG vaccinees (n = 8). While the levels of FoxP3 mRNA did not differ between the tested groups, the cumulative expression levels of PPD-stimulated IFN-γ, IL-17, and IL-4 mRNAs were found to distinguish active TB from the whole group of LTBI with 48% sensitivity and 85% specificity. When restricting the LTBI group to RA cases only, the sensitivity was 56% and specificity 100%. When interpreting the result as positive in at least one of mRNAs IFN-γ, IL-17 or IL-4, sensitivity of 64% and specificities of 75% (heterogeneous group of LTBI) or 100% (LTBI with RA) were achieved. Poor discrimination of active TB from LTBI with miscellaneous inflammatory underlying conditions by using combined quantitative expression of IFN-γ, IL-17 and IL-4 mRNA seems not to be of high diagnostic potential.
Abstract In human cancers, over-expression of HLA-E is marked by gene expression. However, immunolocalization of HLA-E on tumor cells is impeded by the HLA-Ia reactivity of commercial anti-HLA-E monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). So there was a clear need to develop monospecific anti-HLA-E MAbs for reliable immunodiagnosis of HLA-E, particularly considering the prognostic relevance of HLA-E in human cancer. HLA-E overexpression is correlated with disease progression and poor survival of patients, both of which are attributed to the suppression of anti-tumor activity of cytotoxic T cells mediated by HLA-E. The suppression mechanism involves the binding of HLA-E-specific amino acids located on the α1 and α2 helices of HLA-E to the inhibitory receptors (CD94/NKG2a) on CD8+ T lymphocytes. An anti-HLA-E MAb that recognizes these HLA-E-specific sequences can not only be a monospecific MAb with potential for specific immunolocalization of HLA-E but can also block the sequences from interacting with the CD94/NKG2a receptors. We therefore developed several clones that secrete such HLA-E-specific MAbs; then we assessed the ability of the MAbs to bind to the amino acid sequences interacting with the CD94/NKG2a receptors by inhibiting them from binding to HLA-E with peptides that inhibit receptor binding. Elucidation of the immunomodulatory capabilities of these monospecific MAbs showed that they can induce proliferation of CD8+ T cells with or without co-stimulation. These novel MAbs can serve a dual role in combating cancer by blocking interaction of HLA-E with CD94/NKG2a and by promoting proliferation of both non-activated and activated CD8+ cytotoxic αβ T cells.
Via Krishan Maggon
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
June 11, 2016 12:18 PM
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Dustin introduces the immunological synapse, the molecular interaction by which T cells and antigen presenting cells communicate.
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Suggested by
LIGHTING
June 10, 2016 3:55 AM
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Free Medical video lecture course
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
June 9, 2016 3:36 AM
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Welcome to BRNO! This conference on Nucleic Acids and Immunity is the first of a series of three, funded by the EU under Framework 7, which will focus on build a synergistic relationship between researchers in these two areas. The epitranscriptome is a new emerging field of research. The aim of the conference is to bring together researchers in the fields of immunology, innate immune nucleic acid sensing and enzymatic modification of nucleic acids. There will also be a medical perspective, discussing how the lack of certain modifications leading to aberrant innate immune recognition of nucleic acids results in disease.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
June 6, 2016 2:44 PM
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Nikolich-Zugich and colleagues describe a unique subset of human T cells with a naive phenotype and the ability to rapidly produce cytokines in response to engagement of the T cell antigen receptor.
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Suggested by
Société Francaise d'Immunologie
June 6, 2016 4:17 AM
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The diversity, architecture, and dynamics of the TCR repertoire largely determine our ability to effectively withstand infections and malignancies with minimal mistargeting of immune responses.
Explore how evading the immune system is a hallmark of cancer and learn why tumors disable components of the immune response.
Via Krishan Maggon
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
June 3, 2016 10:05 AM
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Am J Hematol. 2015 Dec;90(12):1180-6. doi: 10.1002/ajh.24209.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
June 2, 2016 2:28 PM
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Whole exome sequencing (WES) has proven an effective tool for the discovery of genetic defects in patients with primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs).
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
June 2, 2016 2:14 PM
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Cellular and Molecular Immunology aims to report the dynamic progress being made in China and abroad in immunological research, and welcomes high-quality Research Articles, Reviews and Brief Reports across a broad range of topics including, but not...
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
June 15, 2016 12:51 PM
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Suggested by
LIGHTING
June 14, 2016 8:20 AM
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Epicutaneous #immunotherapy induces gastrointestinal LAP+ Tregs and prevents food-induced #anaphylaxis https://t.co/4noEzH4vFQ
Conclusions Our data highlights the immune communication between skin and gastrointestinal tract, and identifies novel mechanisms by which epicutaneous tolerance can suppress food-induced anaphylaxis.
Key words: Epicutaneous immunotherapy, oral immunotherapy, food allergy, regulatory T cells, mast cells
Via Krishan Maggon
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
June 12, 2016 3:17 AM
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Introduction
Acute-phase serum amyloid A (A-SAA) has cytokine-like properties and is expressed at sites of inflammation.
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Suggested by
Société Francaise d'Immunologie
June 10, 2016 3:58 AM
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
June 10, 2016 1:57 AM
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Chemokines and their receptors are key mediators of the inflammatory process regulating leukocyte extravasation and directional migration into inflamed and infected tissues. The control of chemokine availability within inflamed tissues is necessary to attain a resolving environment and when this fails chronic inflammation ensues. Accordingly, vertebrates have adopted a number of mechanisms for removing chemokines from inflamed sites to help precipitate resolution. Over the past 15 years it has become apparent that essential players in this process are the members of the atypical chemokine receptor family. Broadly speaking this family is expressed on stromal cell types and scavenges chemokines to either limit their spatial availability or to remove them from in vivo sites. Here we provide a brief review of these atypical chemokine receptors and discuss their involvement in the resolution of inflammatory responses and the therapeutic implications of our current knowledge.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
June 8, 2016 1:46 PM
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
June 6, 2016 9:46 AM
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Explore the pathways governing the steps of the cancer immunity cycle, and discover how cancer may exploit those pathways to evade the immune response.
Via Krishan Maggon
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
June 4, 2016 2:18 AM
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46th Annual Meeting of the German Society for Immunology
27–30 September 2016 Hamburg, Germany
Call for late & late-breaking abstracts! Deadline 3
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
June 3, 2016 4:27 AM
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The human immune system works around the clock to fight pathogens and protect the body from disease. T cells play an essential role in providing protection
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
June 2, 2016 2:19 PM
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The germinal center response is the delayed but sustained phase of the antibody response that is responsible for producing high-affinity antibodies of the IgG, IgA and/or IgE isotypes.
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