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Scooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
May 1, 4:38 PM
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"Growth and form are deeply interconnected, in a manner often mediated by mechanical instabilities arising from geometric incompatibilities. Although Gauss incompatibility has long been recognized as the source of morphing in naturally growing slender organs, here we show that the growth profile of rose petals remains Gauss compatible. Their distinctive shape emerges from a different type of geometric incompatibility, the Mainardi-Codazzi-Peterson (MCP) incompatibility, which leads to the formation of localized cusps along the petal margins. We validated this mechanism in model disc petals theoretically, computationally, and experimentally. Our study reveals distinct morphological regimes, ranging from smooth edges to cusp-forming configurations, and demonstrates how stress focusing at cusps influences subsequent petal growth. These findings position MCP incompatibility as a generic mechanism for cusp formation in both natural and manmade self-morphing sheets."
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Scooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
April 29, 10:46 AM
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Scooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
April 16, 3:13 AM
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"Seed formation is essential for plant propagation and food production. We present a novel mechanism for the regulation of seed size by a newly identified “gate” at the chalazal end of the ovule regulating nutrient transport into the developing seed. This gate is blocked by callose deposition in unfertilized mature ovules (closed state), but the callose is removed after central cell fertilization, allowing nutrient transport into the seed (open state). However, if fertilization fails, callose deposition persists, preventing transportation of nutrients from the funiculus. A mutant in an ovule-expressed β-1,3-glucanase gene (AtBG_ppap) showed incomplete callose degradation after fertilization and produced smaller seeds, apparently due to its partially closed state. By contrast, an AtBG_ppap overexpression line produced larger seeds due to continuous callose degradation, fully opening the gate for nutrient transport into the seed. The mechanism was also identified in rice, indicating that it potentially could be applied widely to angiosperms to increase seed size."
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Scooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
March 6, 10:44 AM
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Le 7 mars, mobilisons-nous pour les sciences ! En écho à Stand Up For Science aux États-Unis et face aux menaces contre les institutions scientifiques, des actions auront lieu dans chaque ville universitaire de France.
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Rescooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
from Plant Sciences
January 2, 7:30 AM
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Rescooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
from Plant and Seed Biology
December 15, 2024 4:14 AM
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We are pleased to announce that the "Plant science in the Anthropocene" (PLANT) workshop will take place March 24th to April 4th 2025 at University Paris-Saclay. It will address key challenges from basic sciences to socio-economic and environmental issues, including climate change.
https://eng-saclay-plant-sciences.hub.inrae.fr/events/workshop-institut-pascal
The deadline for applying is December 17th.
The "PLant science in the ANThropocene" (PLANT) workshop will run from March 24 to April 4, 2025 at the Institut Pascal of the University Paris-Saclay (campus about 25 km south of Paris).
This 2-week workshop will address key challenges for the international Plant Science community, from basic sciences to socio-economic and environmental aspects including climate change. It will gather about 60 international scientists. The attendance will mix high stature senior scientists, together with numerous younger ones.
The program will focus on three themes:
- Theme I: "Frontiers in Plant Science fundamental research" (March 24-25-26)
- Theme II: “Feeding the planet: roles for Plant Science and associated socio-economic challenges" (March 27-28-31 and April 1)
- Theme III: "Plants as factories: from chemical compounds to mitigating climate change” (April 2-3-4)
Mornings will consist mainly of presentations by about 20 senior scientists, who will provide their vision of how to rise to those challenges, while the afternoon sessions will be devoted principally to brainstorming across generations on selected topics. This workshop will thus require input from all participants, the goals being the emergence of consensus community opinions and the specification of paths to success for several major challenges, be they at the level of training the next generation, guiding deciders of public policies, or connecting with the wider public on the importance of plant sciences in the Anthropocene. All these challenges are of high complexity and depend on several disciplines. Thus, beyond plant biologists and geneticists, some participants will come from agronomy, ecology, social and environmental sciences, economics, and also from chemical, physical and computational sciences.
Syntheses in the form of opinion papers will be drafted for publication.
APPLICATIONS ARE OPEN FOR PARTICIPATION IN THIS WORKSHOP
Applications deadline: Tuesday December 17, midnight
To know more and apply : https://indico.ijclab.in2p3.fr/event/10763/
Admission is restricted because of capacity constraints and the need to have the brainstorming sessions be effective. There are no registration fees and lunches and coffee breaks will be provided.
Participants must hold a PhD
Via Saclay Plant Sciences, Loïc Lepiniec
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Rescooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
from Plant Sciences
December 3, 2024 4:11 AM
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We are pleased to announce that the "Plant science in the Anthropocene" (PLANT) workshop will take place March 24th to April 4th 2025 at University Paris-Saclay. It will address key challenges from basic sciences to socio-economic and environmental issues, including climate change.
https://eng-saclay-plant-sciences.hub.inrae.fr/events/workshop-institut-pascal
The deadline for applying is December 17th.
The "PLant science in the ANThropocene" (PLANT) workshop will run from March 24 to April 4, 2025 at the Institut Pascal of the University Paris-Saclay (campus about 25 km south of Paris).
This 2-week workshop will address key challenges for the international Plant Science community, from basic sciences to socio-economic and environmental aspects including climate change. It will gather about 60 international scientists. The attendance will mix high stature senior scientists, together with numerous younger ones.
The program will focus on three themes:
- Theme I: "Frontiers in Plant Science fundamental research" (March 24-25-26)
- Theme II: “Feeding the planet: roles for Plant Science and associated socio-economic challenges" (March 27-28-31 and April 1)
- Theme III: "Plants as factories: from chemical compounds to mitigating climate change” (April 2-3-4)
Mornings will consist mainly of presentations by about 20 senior scientists, who will provide their vision of how to rise to those challenges, while the afternoon sessions will be devoted principally to brainstorming across generations on selected topics. This workshop will thus require input from all participants, the goals being the emergence of consensus community opinions and the specification of paths to success for several major challenges, be they at the level of training the next generation, guiding deciders of public policies, or connecting with the wider public on the importance of plant sciences in the Anthropocene. All these challenges are of high complexity and depend on several disciplines. Thus, beyond plant biologists and geneticists, some participants will come from agronomy, ecology, social and environmental sciences, economics, and also from chemical, physical and computational sciences.
Syntheses in the form of opinion papers will be drafted for publication.
APPLICATIONS ARE OPEN FOR PARTICIPATION IN THIS WORKSHOP
Applications deadline: Tuesday December 17, midnight
To know more and apply : https://indico.ijclab.in2p3.fr/event/10763/
Admission is restricted because of capacity constraints and the need to have the brainstorming sessions be effective. There are no registration fees and lunches and coffee breaks will be provided.
Participants must hold a PhD
Via Saclay Plant Sciences
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Rescooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
from SEED-DREAM Lab info
November 7, 2024 11:20 AM
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We are pleased to announce that the "PLant science in the ANThropocene" (PLANT) workshop will take place March 24th to April 4th 2025 at University Paris-Saclay. It will address key challenges from basic sciences to socio-economic and environmental aspects including climate change. Applications for researchers (postdoc level and above) to participate have opened today, see
https://eng-saclay-plant-sciences.hub.inrae.fr/events/workshop-institut-pascal
The deadline for applying is December 17th.
The "PLant science in the ANThropocene" (PLANT) workshop will run from March 24 to April 4, 2025 at the Institut Pascal of the University Paris-Saclay (campus about 25 km south of Paris).
This 2-week workshop will address key challenges for the international Plant Science community, from basic sciences to socio-economic and environmental aspects including climate change. It will gather about 60 international scientists. The attendance will mix high stature senior scientists, together with numerous younger ones.
The program will focus on three themes:
- Theme I: "Frontiers in Plant Science fundamental research" (March 24-25-26)
- Theme II: “Feeding the planet: roles for Plant Science and associated socio-economic challenges" (March 27-28-31 and April 1)
- Theme III: "Plants as factories: from chemical compounds to mitigating climate change” (April 2-3-4)
Mornings will consist mainly of presentations by about 20 senior scientists, who will provide their vision of how to rise to those challenges, while the afternoon sessions will be devoted principally to brainstorming across generations on selected topics. This workshop will thus require input from all participants, the goals being the emergence of consensus community opinions and the specification of paths to success for several major challenges, be they at the level of training the next generation, guiding deciders of public policies, or connecting with the wider public on the importance of plant sciences in the Anthropocene. All these challenges are of high complexity and depend on several disciplines. Thus, beyond plant biologists and geneticists, some participants will come from agronomy, ecology, social and environmental sciences, economics, and also from chemical, physical and computational sciences.
Syntheses in the form of opinion papers will be drafted for publication.
APPLICATIONS ARE OPEN FOR PARTICIPATION IN THIS WORKSHOP
Applications deadline: Tuesday December 17, midnight
To know more and apply : https://indico.ijclab.in2p3.fr/event/10763/
Admission is restricted because of capacity constraints and the need to have the brainstorming sessions be effective. There are no registration fees and lunches and coffee breaks will be provided.
Participants must hold a PhD
Via Saclay Plant Sciences, Loïc Lepiniec
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Scooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
September 6, 2024 2:10 AM
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"Chloroplast biogenesis is dependent on master regulators from the GOLDEN2-LIKE (GLK) family of transcription factors. However, glk mutants contain residual chlorophyll, indicating that other proteins must be involved. Here, we identify MYB-related transcription factors as regulators of chloroplast biogenesis in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha and angiosperm Arabidopsis thaliana. In both species, double-mutant alleles in MYB-related genes show very limited chloroplast development, and photosynthesis gene expression is perturbed to a greater extent than in GLK mutants. Genes encoding enzymes of chlorophyll biosynthesis are controlled by MYB-related and GLK proteins, whereas those allowing CO2 fixation, photorespiration, and photosystem assembly and repair require MYB-related proteins. Regulation between the MYB-related and GLK transcription factors appears more extensive in A. thaliana than in M. polymorpha. Thus, MYB-related and GLK genes have overlapping as well as distinct targets. We conclude that MYB-related and GLK transcription factors orchestrate chloroplast development in land plants."
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Scooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
August 31, 2024 5:21 AM
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E-book Beyond GMO Welcome to SPPS' download site! The translation of the swedish book " Bortom GMO" has been sponsored by SPPS and Anke Carius (Society Secretary) has done the layout. Some images and graphics have been updated and modernized by DC Sci Art. Check out her work if you ever need any illustrations for your publications or presentations. In this book, you can read all about genetically modified plants, in an educative manner. You do not need to be a scientist to understand it but if you are, you will enjoy the chapters about their impact on economy, society and politics, how they are viewed internationally, and the comparison of the current international law. The e-book is free to download, but please respect the copyright is owned by the authors, so please cite properly and if you would like to use images or graphics from the book, ASK (you might even be provided with a version with better resolution )! If you would like to support initiatives like this and are a plant scientist, please check out our Journal "Physiologia Plantarum" when you choose where to publish your work next time. Everyone who would like to support SPPS can become a member. Click "Join" on the panel to the left. Thank you! Enjoy the read! Here you can download the free e-book by Stefan Jansson, Roland von Bothmer and Torbjörn Fagerström:
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Scooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
August 29, 2024 10:52 AM
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Fertilization introduces parental genetic information into the zygote to guide embryogenesis. Parental contributions to postfertilization development have been discussed for decades, and the data available show that both parents contribute to the zygotic transcriptome, suggesting a paternal role in early embryogenesis1–6. However, because the specific paternal effects on postfertilization development and the molecular pathways underpinning these effects remain poorly understood, paternal contribution to early embryogenesis and plant development has not yet been adequately demonstrated7. Here our research shows that TREE1 and its homologue DAZ3 are expressed exclusively in Arabidopsis sperm. Despite presenting no evident defects in sperm development and fertilization, tree1 daz3 unexpectedly led to aberrant differentiation of the embryo root stem cell niche. This defect persisted in seedlings and disrupted root tip regeneration, comparable to congenital defects in animals. TREE1 and DAZ3 function by suppression of maternal RKD2 transcription, thus mitigating the detrimental maternal effects from RKD2 on root stem cell niche. Therefore, our findings illuminate how genetic deficiencies in sperm can exert enduring paternal effects on specific plant organ differentiation and how parental-of-origin genes interact to ensure normal embryogenesis. This work also provides a new concept of how gamete quality or genetic deficiency can affect specific plant organ formation. TREE1 and its homologue DAZ3 are expressed exclusively in Arabidopsis sperm, showing how genetic deficiencies can exert enduring paternal effects on specific plant organ differentiation and how parental-of-origin genes interact to ensure normal embryogenesis.
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Scooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
February 8, 2024 12:56 PM
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A field of sorghum in Botswana. Gene editing has created sorghum plants that are resistant to a destructive parasite called witchweed. Credit: MarcPo/Getty Scientists in the global south use the popular technique to protect local crops against local threats.
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Scooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
February 7, 2024 8:55 AM
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For a more sustainable and resilient food system, MEPs support a simpler process for NGT plants equivalent to conventional plants, while others must follow stricter rules.
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Scooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
May 1, 4:26 PM
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Highlights Natural variations in QT12 confer thermotolerance for grain quality and yield in rice QT12 disrupts endosperm storage substance homeostasis by over-activating UPR High temperature weakens NF-Y interactions and releases NF-YA8 suppression of QT12 NF-Ys-QT12 forms a natural gene on-off system for subspecies thermal adaptation
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Scooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
April 27, 5:15 AM
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Scooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
April 10, 4:17 PM
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"Huanglongbing (HLB) is a devastating citrus disease. In this work, we report an HLB resistance regulatory circuit in Citrus composed of an E3 ubiquitin ligase, PUB21, and its substrate, the MYC2 transcription factor, which regulates jasmonate-mediated defense responses. A helitron insertion in the PUB21 promoter introduced multiple MYC2-binding cis-elements to create a regulatory circuit linking the PUB21 activity with MYC2 degradation. Ectopic expression of a natural dominant-negative PUB21 paralog discovered in distant Citrus relatives stabilized MYC2 and conferred resistance to HLB. Antiproteolysis peptides (APPs), identified by artificial intelligence, stabilized MYC2 by binding and inhibiting PUB21 activity. A 14–amino acid peptide, APP3-14, molecularly controlled HLB in greenhouse and field trials. This approach represents a strategy to combat uncultivable pathogens through targeted disease resistance protein stabilization".
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Scooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
January 23, 2:01 AM
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"Decades of research on the infamous antinutritional steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs) in Solanaceae plants have provided deep insights into their metabolism and roles. However, engineering SGAs in heterologous hosts has remained a challenge. We discovered that a protein evolved from the machinery involved in building plant cell walls is the crucial link in the biosynthesis of SGAs. We show that cellulose synthase-like M [GLYCOALKALOID METABOLISM15 (GAME15)] functions both as a cholesterol glucuronosyltransferase and a scaffold protein. Silencing GAME15 depletes SGAs, which makes plants more vulnerable to pests. Our findings illuminate plant evolutionary adaptations that balance chemical defense and self-toxicity and open possibilities for producing steroidal compounds in heterologous systems for food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals."
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Rescooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
from Plant Sciences
December 17, 2024 5:17 PM
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This Summer School is organized by the Saclay Plant Sciences (SPS) network, one of the largest European plant sciences communities, and will be hosted by the cytology and imaging platform of the Institut Jean Pierre Bourgin - Plant Sciences in Versailles. Microscopy is a fundamental tool for understanding the functioning of plants at the cellular to molecular scale. Recent technological advances (super-resolution, fluorescence lifetime imaging, biosensors...) now make it possible to address new scientific questions. This Summer School will provide theoretical and practical insights into these aspects for 20 outstanding and enthusiastic PhD students or young postdoctoral researchers divided in small groups. Participants will have the opportunity to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different modalities, sample preparation, image acquisition, and data processing throughout the week. The Summer School will include:
> A set of theoretical lectures (~9 hours) on the major issues in advanced imaging. The lectures will be given by experts in the field, who will be available for discussions during the Summer School, giving the participants an insight into the latest research findings and identifying key open questions in the field.
> A set of practical sessions (~24 hours + Restitution) to tackle real-life approaches on plant samples and compare different modalities of conventional confocal microscopy, super-resolution and fluorescence lifetime analysis. All Summer School participants will have access to all practical sessions, in groups of 3 or 4, with one (or more) expert per system. Given the advanced technologies covered, the Summer School is aimed at PhD students or young post-docs who already have practical experience in confocal microscopy. At the end of the Summer School, the experiences of all participants will be confronted in a general discussion, to expose the differences and possible advantages of the imaging technologies approached.
> Participant flash-talks and poster session (5 hours)
> Social activities This intensive and varied one-week program will allow many opportunities to discuss with speakers and fellow participants. Deadline for application: March 4, 2025 (midnight)
Via Saclay Plant Sciences
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Rescooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
from Plant Sciences
December 10, 2024 12:28 PM
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Symbiosis evolution is often viewed as a progress, with emergence of new adaptive properties. However, symbiosis also enhances the interdependence between partners. I describe several such interdependences, and emphasize that they arise without emergence of new property. Generally, when two partners permanently interact, a mutation in one partner can be complemented by the other. Independency is then lost without any positive selection, in a neutral evolution. The accumulation of such steps makes the reversion to independency unlikely, and drives interdependency in symbiosis.
Via Saclay Plant Sciences
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Rescooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
from Plant Sciences
November 23, 2024 4:37 AM
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We are pleased to announce that the "PLant science in the ANThropocene" (PLANT) workshop will take place March 24th to April 4th 2025 at University Paris-Saclay. It will address key challenges from basic sciences to socio-economic and environmental aspects including climate change. Applications for researchers (postdoc level and above) to participate have opened today, see
https://eng-saclay-plant-sciences.hub.inrae.fr/events/workshop-institut-pascal
The deadline for applying is December 17th.
The "PLant science in the ANThropocene" (PLANT) workshop will run from March 24 to April 4, 2025 at the Institut Pascal of the University Paris-Saclay (campus about 25 km south of Paris).
This 2-week workshop will address key challenges for the international Plant Science community, from basic sciences to socio-economic and environmental aspects including climate change. It will gather about 60 international scientists. The attendance will mix high stature senior scientists, together with numerous younger ones.
The program will focus on three themes:
- Theme I: "Frontiers in Plant Science fundamental research" (March 24-25-26)
- Theme II: “Feeding the planet: roles for Plant Science and associated socio-economic challenges" (March 27-28-31 and April 1)
- Theme III: "Plants as factories: from chemical compounds to mitigating climate change” (April 2-3-4)
Mornings will consist mainly of presentations by about 20 senior scientists, who will provide their vision of how to rise to those challenges, while the afternoon sessions will be devoted principally to brainstorming across generations on selected topics. This workshop will thus require input from all participants, the goals being the emergence of consensus community opinions and the specification of paths to success for several major challenges, be they at the level of training the next generation, guiding deciders of public policies, or connecting with the wider public on the importance of plant sciences in the Anthropocene. All these challenges are of high complexity and depend on several disciplines. Thus, beyond plant biologists and geneticists, some participants will come from agronomy, ecology, social and environmental sciences, economics, and also from chemical, physical and computational sciences.
Syntheses in the form of opinion papers will be drafted for publication.
APPLICATIONS ARE OPEN FOR PARTICIPATION IN THIS WORKSHOP
Applications deadline: Tuesday December 17, midnight
To know more and apply : https://indico.ijclab.in2p3.fr/event/10763/
Admission is restricted because of capacity constraints and the need to have the brainstorming sessions be effective. There are no registration fees and lunches and coffee breaks will be provided.
Participants must hold a PhD
Via Saclay Plant Sciences
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Scooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
September 7, 2024 4:55 AM
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Apply to organise a Concurrent Session or Workshop at ICAR2025 At ICAR2025 there are 18 Concurrent Sessions and 8 Workshop sessions (both 90minutes in length). The topics of these sessions will be decided by community applications. In general workshop sessions maybe be more 'interactive' than Concurrent sessions, although this distinction is somewhat blurred. Organisers can arrange sessions however they would like with regard career-stage and number of speakers. Importantly we strongly encourage organisers to consider all aspects of diversity when selecting speakers. In addition to suggesting invited speaker(s) the organisers will be provided with all submitted abstracts after the ICAR2025 abstract submission deadline in early 2025. Organisers then have the option of inviting other people to participant in their session. Please submit your application before October 21st. The Scientific Organising Committee will consider applications soon after the time and we will announce the selected sessions by December 1st. Concurrent session organisers will receive €1000 to support the session. The organisers have full control over how this finance is spent; whether it is on meeting-registrations or travel (either for organisers or participants). If you have any questions about the application process please contact Geraint Parry (geraint@aab.org,.uk). Submit your application here
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Scooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
September 6, 2024 2:04 AM
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Aspirations for high crop growth and yield, nutritional quality and bioproduction of materials are challenged by climate change and limited adoption of new technologies. Here, we review recent advances in approaches to profile and model gene regulatory activity over developmental and response time in specific cells, which have revealed the basis of variation in plant phenotypes: both redeployment of key regulators to new contexts and their repurposing to control different slates of genes. New synthetic biology tools allow tunable, spatiotemporal regulation of transgenes, while recent gene-editing technologies enable manipulation of the regulation of native genes. Ultimately, understanding how gene circuitry is wired to control form and function across varied plant species, combined with advanced technology to rewire that circuitry, will unlock solutions to our greatest challenges in agriculture, energy and the environment. This Review discusses gene regulatory networks in plants and their function across evolution and highlights how their manipulation with synthetic biology and gene editing can promote plant productivity in the face of climate change.
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Scooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
August 31, 2024 4:59 AM
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Environmental impacts of genetically modified crops
INTRODUCTION In recent decades, genetically modified (GM) crops have been widely adopted by some of the world’s leading agricultural nations, but the full extent of their environmental impacts remains largely unknown. Initial studies conducted in controlled environments provided valuable insights into the mechanisms that relate GM crops to the environment but offered an incomplete picture of their indirect environmental consequences. Adopting GM crops often leads to changes in other agricultural practices, such as pesticide use, cropping, and tillage patterns, with profound environmental implications (see figure). Furthermore, with widespread adoption, these changes become large in scale and can lead to substantial economic and ecological spillovers through markets and ecological interactions, influencing the environmental outcomes of nonadopting regions. These spillovers can also lead to opposing outcomes in adopting and nonadopting regions. For example, increased profits from GM crop adoption can incentivize agricultural expansion and intensification in adopting countries with potentially negative environmental impacts. However, the increased global supply from these changes in adopting countries can reduce expansion and intensification in nonadopting countries through market effects with potentially positive environmental implications. The goal of our review is to synthesize the recent understanding of the environmental implications of GM crop adoption, with a particular focus on indirect effects and spatial spillovers. Much of the existing literature focuses on the direct effects of GM crop adoption on agricultural outcomes and, to a lesser extent, its implications for the environment and human health. Recent studies employing causal inference methods have contributed to our understanding of the combined direct and indirect impacts of GM crop adoption through environmental management changes, including effects on yields, deforestation, biodiversity, and human health. Their findings paint a nuanced picture of GM crop adoption, with mostly positive impacts on yields and mixed effects on pesticide use, biodiversity, deforestation, and human health. These studies also find negative health effects from increased glyphosate use, possibly counteracted by reduced toxicity of insecticide applications due to the adoption of insect-resistant GM crops. However, the few studies that evaluate long-term consequences suggest that short-term benefits may decrease if pest resistance is not well managed. In addition, new results show that GM crop adoption increases deforestation locally, in contrast to previous studies that found a land-sparing global effect of GM crop adoption. Lastly, the evidence for the impacts of GM crop adoption on biodiversity is mixed. For example, a recent study found that although the overall impact of GM crops on bird diversity is small, the overall effect is composed of positive effects on insectivorous species and negative effects on plant and seed-eating species. While these studies greatly advance our understanding of the direct and indirect environmental effects of GM crops, they still do not fully assess the spillover effects on areas and regions that have not adopted GM crops. OUTLOOK To date, large-scale GM crop adoption has been limited to just two traits with different environmental and human health effects: herbicide tolerance and insect resistance. New GM crops and gene-edited versions with different traits, such as drought resistance, would likely have different environmental and human health impacts. Therefore, improving regulations and resistance management, providing incentives for the development and commercialization of new traits that align with social goals and human welfare, and gathering more comprehensive and detailed environmental data, especially on biodiversity, are critical for guiding agricultural innovations toward greater sustainability and allowing an accurate assessment of their impacts.
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Scooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
August 26, 2024 2:24 AM
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"Plants frequently encounter wounding and have evolved an extraordinary regenerative capacity to heal the wounds. However, the wound signal that triggers regenerative responses has not been identified. Here, through characterization of a tomato mutant defective in both wound-induced defense and regeneration, we demonstrate that in tomato, a plant elicitor peptide (Pep), REGENERATION FACTOR1 (REF1), acts as a systemin-independent local wound signal that primarily regulates local defense responses and regenerative responses in response to wounding. We further identified PEPR1/2 ORTHOLOG RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE1 (PORK1) as the receptor perceiving REF1 signal for plant regeneration. REF1-PORK1-mediated signaling promotes regeneration via activating WOUND-INDUCED DEDIFFERENTIATION 1 (WIND1), a master regulator of wound-induced cellular reprogramming in plants. Thus, REF1-PORK1 signaling represents a conserved phytocytokine pathway to initiate, amplify, and stabilize a signaling cascade that orchestrates wound-triggered organ regeneration. Application of REF1 provides a simple method to boost the regeneration and transformation efficiency of recalcitrant crops"
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Scooped by
Loïc Lepiniec
February 8, 2024 7:47 AM
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Specialized metabolite (SM) modifications and/or decorations, corresponding to the addition or removal of functional groups (e.g. hydroxyl, methyl, glycosyl or acyl group) to SM structures, contribute to the huge diversity of structures, activities and functions of seed and plant SMs. This review summarizes available knowledge (up to 2023) on SM modifications in Brassicaceae and their contribution to SM plasticity. We give a comprehensive overview on enzymes involved in the addition or removal of these functional groups. Brassicaceae, including model (Arabidopsis thaliana) and crop (Brassica napus, Camelina sativa) plant species, present a large diversity of plant and seed SMs, which makes them valuable models to study SM modifications. In this review, particular attention is given to the environmental plasticity of SM and relative modification and/or decoration enzymes. Furthermore, a spotlight is given to SMs and related modification enzymes in seeds of Brassicaceae species. Seeds constitute a large reservoir of beneficial SMs and are one of the most important dietary sources, providing more than half of the world's intake of dietary proteins, oil and starch. The seed tissue- and stage-specific expressions of A. thaliana genes involved in SM modification are presented and discussed in the context of available literature. Given the major role in plant phytochemistry, biology and ecology, SM modifications constitute a subject of study contributing to the research and development in agroecology, pharmaceutical, cosmetics and food industrial sectors.
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