Programs often waste time calling functions which recalculate the same results over and over again. This is particularly true with recursive and mathematical functions. A perfect example of this is the Fibonacci number generator.
Memoization is a programming technique which attempts to increase a function’s performance by caching its previously computed results. Because JavaScript objects behave like associative arrays, they are ideal candidates to act as caches. Each time a memoized function is called, its parameters are used to index the cache. If the data is present, then it can be returned, without executing the entire function. However, if the data is not cached, then the function is executed, and the result is added to the cache.
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