International Economics: IB Economics
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March 27, 4:25 AM
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Beyond oil: The crucial exports blocked by Hormuz closure

Beyond oil: The crucial exports blocked by Hormuz closure | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.bbc.co.uk - March 26, 9:25 PM
The price of a wide range of goods - from food, to smartphones, to medicines - could be affected by the US-Israel war with Iran.
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This BBC Verify clip looks at the wider ramifications of the shutting of the Strait of Hormuz to global supply chains, identifying sectors other than oil and natural gas that will be affected by the ongoing hiatus. It identifies four important areas of concern: fertiliser, helium, petrochemical derivatives - important for pharmaceutical manufacture, and sulphur as areas where there's significant supply chain disruption. 

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International Economics: IB Economics
Economy
A collection of articles relating to the 'international' elements of Economics and relating to IB, Pre-U and A-Level Economics.
Curated by Graham Watson
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Scooped by Graham Watson
April 3, 6:47 AM
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How sheltered really is the US from the Gulf oil supply crisis? | US-Israel war on Iran | The Guardian

How sheltered really is the US from the Gulf oil supply crisis? | US-Israel war on Iran | The Guardian | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.theguardian.com - April 3, 6:00 AM
As Trump suggests Middle East oil disruption is not his problem, experts say talk of US ‘energy independence’ is a smokescreen – with consumers paying the price
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This Guardian piece looks at the impact of the Iran conflict on the US, via its effect on the oil price. The notion that the US has energy independence is explored, and whilst it's true that the US imports relatively little oil and natural gas from the Persian Gulf, it is also true that the globally-determined oil price has significant distributional consequences, in benefitting producers at the expense of consumers. 

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Scooped by Graham Watson
April 3, 2:30 AM
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How could strait of Hormuz closure affect UK food and medicine supplies? | Strait of Hormuz | The Guardian

How could strait of Hormuz closure affect UK food and medicine supplies? | Strait of Hormuz | The Guardian | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.theguardian.com - April 2, 10:07 AM
Effects of Iran’s blockade will depend on how long crisis lasts as disruption ripples through supply chains
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What are the wider implications of the closure of the Strait of Hormuz for the global economy. This article highlights two key sectors - food and medicine - and a number of scenarios: a two-week closure, a six-week closure and, potentially, six-month closure.

 

None of the scenarios are good - but the prospect of a six-month closure really isn't good. 

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Scooped by Graham Watson
April 2, 7:13 AM
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A third inflationary shock in less than a decade is coming: who will pay the price this time around? | Aditya Chakrabortty | The Guardian

A third inflationary shock in less than a decade is coming: who will pay the price this time around? | Aditya Chakrabortty | The Guardian | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.theguardian.com - April 1, 1:54 PM
Brutal past experience has taught us that a cost of living crisis doesn’t affect us all the same, because we don’t all go into it with the same income or wealth, says Guardian columnist Aditya Chakrabortty
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Another article highlighting the distributional implications of the ongoing Iran war: in short, higher inflation is going to affect us all, but the poor are going to bear the burden to the greatest degree. 'Twas ever thus. 

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April 2, 7:08 AM
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‘If he’d stayed on the golf course, we’d be in a better place’: experts on Trump’s tariffs, one year on | Tariffs | The Guardian

‘If he’d stayed on the golf course, we’d be in a better place’: experts on Trump’s tariffs, one year on | Tariffs | The Guardian | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.theguardian.com - April 2, 6:00 AM
Last April, the president unleashed a tidal wave of tariffs on ‘liberation day’. Analysts say the policy has failed, even by the Trump administration’s own terms
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The Guardian with a pretty blunt opinion on the impact of President Trump's tariffs. And well-deserved too. 

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Scooped by Graham Watson
March 27, 4:25 AM
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Beyond oil: The crucial exports blocked by Hormuz closure

Beyond oil: The crucial exports blocked by Hormuz closure | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.bbc.co.uk - March 26, 9:25 PM
The price of a wide range of goods - from food, to smartphones, to medicines - could be affected by the US-Israel war with Iran.
Read more
Graham Watson's insight:

This BBC Verify clip looks at the wider ramifications of the shutting of the Strait of Hormuz to global supply chains, identifying sectors other than oil and natural gas that will be affected by the ongoing hiatus. It identifies four important areas of concern: fertiliser, helium, petrochemical derivatives - important for pharmaceutical manufacture, and sulphur as areas where there's significant supply chain disruption. 

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Scooped by Graham Watson
March 26, 4:28 AM
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How is the Philippines reacting to its energy emergency | BBC News

From www.youtube.com - March 25, 10:01 AM

Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos said he is working to secure new sources of oil after he placed the country under a state of national energy emergency in response to the war in Iran.

Marcos told Filipinos in a televised address that the government would procure one million barrels of oil to add to the current stock, which is good for 45 days.

The Philippines, which imports 98% of its oil from the gulf, became the first country to declare an energy emergency after local diesel and petrol prices more than doubled in the country since the war broke out on 28 February.

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This BBC clip looks at how the ongoing energy crisis is affecting the Philippines, where the country imports 98% of its oil from the Gulf. The economy was the first country to impose emergency measures, although there are already fuel shortages in the economy. 

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Scooped by Graham Watson
March 23, 8:25 AM
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The Guardian view on aid cuts: Britain championed development funding – its meanness is shortsighted | Editorial | The Guardian

The Guardian view on aid cuts: Britain championed development funding – its meanness is shortsighted | Editorial | The Guardian | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.theguardian.com - March 22, 1:30 PM
Editorial: The steep reductions are a grave error, both morally and pragmatically. But a better case needs to be made for spending
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This editorial bemoans the decision by the government to cut its aid budget by 40%, albeit it's something that's common to G7 nations, with this year's aid spending being 28% lower than in 2024.

 

In the case of the UK, the government are seeking to portray a trade-off between aid and defence spending, arguing that cutting the former allows us to increase the latter. Bilateral aid to Africa, for example, is going to be cut by nearly 60% and in doing so, we risk squandering Britain's status as a global power. 

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Scooped by Graham Watson
March 23, 8:13 AM
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Far more countries face critical food insecurity if world heats up by 2C, analysis shows | Climate crisis | The Guardian

Far more countries face critical food insecurity if world heats up by 2C, analysis shows | Climate crisis | The Guardian | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.theguardian.com - March 23, 7:00 AM
Exclusive: Food systems of low-income nations projected to deteriorate seven times as fast as those of wealthy ones
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Analysis by the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) suggests that the greatest threats from climate change are going to hit low-income countries hardest, with the prospect of a 2 degree increase in the average global temperature having serious implications for food security in many of them. The think-tank has gone as far as to create a Food Security Index to detail the vulnerability of these economies in this regard. develop

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Scooped by Graham Watson
March 23, 4:26 AM
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Germany turns to Indian workers to help solve labour shortage

Germany turns to Indian workers to help solve labour shortage | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.bbc.co.uk - March 22, 8:03 PM
The European nation, struggling to find skilled staff, is giving jobs to young people from India.
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Germany faces a demographic crisis: an ageing population and a declining labour force. However, this BBC article highlights one way that this could be tackled - by recruiting Indian workers. Initially, this was to fill butcher's apprenticeships but it's broadened as Germany has increased the skilled work visa quota for Indians from 20,000 a year to 90,000 per year. 

 

As a result of this change, and clever recruitment, the number of Indian workers in Germany has increased from  23,320 back in 2015 to 136,670 today.

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Scooped by Graham Watson
March 21, 6:04 AM
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China has been preparing for a global energy crisis for years. It is paying off now | China | The Guardian

China has been preparing for a global energy crisis for years. It is paying off now | China | The Guardian | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.theguardian.com - March 19, 9:14 PM
As other Asian economies race to conserve energy, China has huge reserves of oil and gas as well as alternative energy sources like wind and solar
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Graham Watson's insight:

And the one economy that's largely unaffected by the Iran conflict? China. Not only does it have extensive fossil fuel reserves but its diversification into renewable energy, and the roll out of massive solar and wind power generating capacity means that the well-thought out actions of President Trump many, once again, prove to benefit China more than the United States. 

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Scooped by Graham Watson
March 21, 2:50 AM
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Who Is The World Economic Forum?

From www.youtube.com - March 20, 9:01 AM

For more than 50 years, the World Economic Forum has brought together global leaders from government, business and civil society. The Forum's public-private initiatives, communities and research-backed insights help these decision-makers drive collaborative solutions to better navigate the most complex issues of our time. In a world of rapid change, the need for trusted collaboration has never been greater.

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Graham Watson's insight:

I think I've 'scooped' something similar to this before but you might have heard of the World Economic Forum but wondered about what it does. This clip - propaganda - if you like - looks at what WEF has achieved. There are plenty of grandiose claims but very few specific examples of where the World Economic Forum has made a difference. It's current focii are fostering inclusive growth, accelerating responsible innovation and making economies more resilient.

 

You are likely to know it because of the prominence of its annual Davos meeting held early in the year. 

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March 19, 3:01 PM
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How Results Narratives Capture Development Impact Beyond Financing | World Bank Group Scorecard

From www.youtube.com - March 18, 1:37 PM

Results Narratives in the World Bank Group Scorecard provide a complete picture of development outcomes, policy reforms, and institutional strengthening beyond just financing. Results Narratives outline the crucial context needed to understand how change happens. This video explores how we capture the impact of non-financial support - such as legal reforms, governance improvements, and market creation, that drives sustainable development. You will see real-world examples from Kenya, Jordan, and Colombia that illustrate how connecting the dots between policy and systems leads to lasting results for people and the planet.

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Another clip looking at the new World Bank Group Scorecard, highlighting how it it attempting to capture all elements of development stories - both the quantitative and qualitative aspects of development. This clip looks at three different examples - Kenya,  Jordan and Colombia helping young people to get jobs, increase female participation and fund improvements in healthcare. 

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Scooped by Graham Watson
March 18, 4:16 AM
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Egypt 30by30: Mobilizing Finance for Smart, Resilient Growth

From www.youtube.com - March 17, 2:18 PM

Egypt30by30 is an IFC program strengthening the foundations of sustainable finance in Egypt. Working with banks and regulators, it helps expand financing for investments that improve efficiency, strengthen resilience, and support long-term growth.

Through landmark transactions—including Egypt’s first private-sector Green Bond and Africa’s largest sustainability bond by a private bank—the program has mobilized more than $700 million in financing, supporting smart development across the economy.

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The importance of finance for development is set out in this International Finance Corporation clip which emphasises the importance of financial markets for sustainable development. In the case of Egypt, this means the issuing of green bonds to support development and achieve climate change targets. 

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Scooped by Graham Watson
April 3, 2:44 AM
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‘Food security timebomb’: a visual guide to the Gulf fertiliser blockade | Strait of Hormuz | The Guardian

‘Food security timebomb’: a visual guide to the Gulf fertiliser blockade | Strait of Hormuz | The Guardian | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.theguardian.com - April 2, 11:00 PM
UN says record numbers of people could face acute hunger if conflict continues
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Graham Watson's insight:

And here's a very visual explanation of the impact of the supply-side shock on the market for fertiliser and, by implication, food security, across the world, with those countries most dependent upon the Gulf states for fertiliser, the most vulnerable, such as Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Tanzania. 

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Scooped by Graham Watson
April 3, 2:21 AM
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Pharmaceuticals face 100% tariffs in US - unless they have a deal

Pharmaceuticals face 100% tariffs in US - unless they have a deal | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.bbc.co.uk - April 2, 5:11 PM
The order does not affect generic medicines, the most commonly used in the US.
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Graham Watson's insight:

The intention of President Trump's tariffs is laid bare with these proposed 100% tariffs on pharmaceuticals designed to encourage pharmaceutical companies to invest in American manufacturing facilities. 

 

Otherwise, patented medicines will face a 100% tariff, unless they commit to build a manufacturing base in the US by the end of January 2029. Will this induce them to invest into the US?  

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Scooped by Graham Watson
April 2, 7:11 AM
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Global super-rich may have hidden $3.55tn from tax officials, says Oxfam | Tax havens | The Guardian

Global super-rich may have hidden $3.55tn from tax officials, says Oxfam | Tax havens | The Guardian | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.theguardian.com - April 1, 7:01 PM
Charity calls for a levy on the very richest and the closing of tax loopholes in its report on offshore wealth
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Oxfam reckons that the super-rich have engaged in tax avoidance to the extent that they've concealed $3.55 trillion in potential tax revenues from global governments. My view? Name and shame. We shouldn't admire these people. 

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Scooped by Graham Watson
April 2, 6:57 AM
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A year on: Four ways Trump's tariffs have changed the global economy

A year on: Four ways Trump's tariffs have changed the global economy | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.bbc.co.uk - April 2, 12:43 AM
US tariffs stand at the highest rate in decades. But what has the impact been?
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A year on from "Liberation Day" this BBC article looks at how President Trump's tariffs have affected the global economy. In short, they've only had damaging effects: changing trade relations between nations and raising prices for consumers, not least in the US.  

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Scooped by Graham Watson
March 27, 4:14 AM
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Australia fuel crisis: Panic buying prompts PM to reassure nation over fuel supply

Australia fuel crisis: Panic buying prompts PM to reassure nation over fuel supply | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.bbc.co.uk - March 27, 12:43 AM
Anthony Albanese says nation's supply remains "secure" amid reports of panic buying and shortages.
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Graham Watson's insight:

From 12,000 miles away it looks like Australia is starting to feel the pinch when it comes to fuel, with shortages being reported and fuel prices rising. According to the article "The average retail price of petrol reached 238 Australian cents ($1.64; £1.23) a litre as of Sunday compared to 171 cents four weeks earlier, according to the Australian Institute of Petroleum".

 

It seems that independent petrol retailers are the ones suffering because they don't have long-term contracts with suppliers. 

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Scooped by Graham Watson
March 24, 4:21 AM
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More Australian beef headed for Europe under new trade deal

More Australian beef headed for Europe under new trade deal | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.bbc.co.uk - March 23, 11:46 PM
Australian producers have also won the right to sell Italian-style sparkling wine as prosecco.
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Graham Watson's insight:

The signing of an EU-Australia trade deal is going to remove many tariffs on agricultural goods, although red meat will still be subject to a 30,000 tonne quota - up from less than 4,000 tonnes today.

 

The hope is that it will cheapen food for consumers in both economies and offer them greater choice, although the naming of some Australian produce, manufactured by European migrants, such as prosecco, will need to be phased out over time.  

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Scooped by Graham Watson
March 23, 8:20 AM
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Energy shock talk grabs headlines but the Iran war is also driving the world towards a food crisis | Heather Stewart | The Guardian

Energy shock talk grabs headlines but the Iran war is also driving the world towards a food crisis | Heather Stewart | The Guardian | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.theguardian.com - March 22, 8:53 AM
Growers face soaring fertiliser and fuel costs as shipping choke point of the strait of Hormuz hits supply chains
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Heather Stewart highlights the risks to the global food supply as the result of the ongoing Iran war, with supply chain disruption likely to see shortages and, inevitably, higher prices for food. In this article she highlights the fate of Tanzania avocado farmers who face the prospect of being unable to get their harvest to the developed world. 

 

Additionally, food costs in these economies are also going to rise, with local reports suggesting that they've already gone up by 20% in Somalia. 

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Scooped by Graham Watson
March 23, 4:28 AM
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Iran war energy crisis equal to 70s twin oil shocks and fallout from Ukraine war, says IEA chief | US-Israel war on Iran | The Guardian

Iran war energy crisis equal to 70s twin oil shocks and fallout from Ukraine war, says IEA chief | US-Israel war on Iran | The Guardian | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.theguardian.com - March 23, 1:04 AM
Fatih Birol says effect on energy markets of Iran bombings and closure of Hormuz strait not initially understood by world leaders
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Are we under-estimating the effect of the supply-side shock generated by the Iran war? Certainly the head of the International Energy Agency thinks so.

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Scooped by Graham Watson
March 22, 4:35 AM
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‘The stakes are enormous’: how a prolonged Iran war could shock the global economy | Global economy | The Guardian

‘The stakes are enormous’: how a prolonged Iran war could shock the global economy | Global economy | The Guardian | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.theguardian.com - March 22, 2:00 AM
Donald Trump’s ‘little excursion’ is likely to have long-term effects, from oil prices to inflation to growth, say experts
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The global implications of a major supply-side shock. Discuss.

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Scooped by Graham Watson
March 21, 6:01 AM
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How the Iran war has sent shocks rippling across the globe | US-Israel war on Iran | The Guardian

How the Iran war has sent shocks rippling across the globe | US-Israel war on Iran | The Guardian | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.theguardian.com - March 20, 4:04 PM
From restaurant closures in the Philippines and petrol rationing in Sri Lanka, to Asian food production crises due to fertiliser shortages, the effects of the US-Israeli war on Iran reverberate around the world
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Graham Watson's insight:

A weekend round-up of all the ways that governments are trying to mitigate the effects of the conflict in Iran: restaurant closures, petrol rationing, changes in the working week and so on. 

 

An interesting set of examples of the impact of a supply-side shock - you might note that the developed economies are more resilient than their developing counterparts, and work out both why that is and what its implications are.

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Scooped by Graham Watson
March 20, 4:41 AM
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The global winners and losers of the war in Iran

The global winners and losers of the war in Iran | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.bbc.co.uk - March 19, 8:08 PM
As the conflict triggers economic disruption some risk being hit hard, while others stand to benefit.
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Graham Watson's insight:

Crikey! And there's more.

 

This time the BBC are looking at the distributional effects of the current Middle East conflict, noting that oil producers and renewable energy producers are the beneficiaries and that net oil importers are the losers. Them and the people responsible for starting this conflict in the first place who are heavily invested in the Middle East. 

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Scooped by Graham Watson
March 18, 4:25 AM
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Isolated and exposed: can New Zealand’s fragile economic recovery withstand the global oil shock? | New Zealand | The Guardian

Isolated and exposed: can New Zealand’s fragile economic recovery withstand the global oil shock? | New Zealand | The Guardian | International Economics: IB Economics | Scoop.it
From www.theguardian.com - March 17, 8:57 PM
New Zealand economic growth tipped to overtake Australia’s this year but Middle East conflict casts a shadow over outlook
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Graham Watson's insight:

It's always interesting to read about another economy facing the same problems that we are. In this case it's New Zealand, which was forecast to grow this year but, because it's so heavily dependent upon global trade and tourism, there are concerns that the Middle East conflict could stall growth, and its size makes it more vulnerable than most to supply-side shocks such as this. 

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