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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 25, 2018 2:53 PM
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Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), are serious autoimmune liver diseases that are characterized by a progressive destruction of the liver parenchyma and/or the hepatic bile ducts and the development of chronic fibrosis. Left untreated autoimmune liver diseases are often life-threatening and patients require a liver transplantation to survive. Thus, an early and reliable diagnosis is paramount for the initiation of a proper therapy with immunosuppressive and/or anticholelithic drugs. Besides the analysis of liver biopsies and serum markers indicating liver damage, the screening for specific autoantibodies is an indispensable tool for the diagnosis of autoimmune liver diseases. Such liver autoantigen-specific antibodies might be involved in the disease pathogenesis and their epitope specificity may give some insight into the etiology of the disease. Here, we will mainly focus on the generation and specificity of autoantibodies in AIH patients. In addition, we will review data from animal models that aim toward a better understanding of the origins and pathogenicity of such autoantibodies.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 24, 2018 3:38 PM
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Journal of Immunology Research is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that provides a platform for scientists and clinicians working in different areas of immunology and therapy. The journal publishes research articles, review articles, as well as clinical studies related to classical immunology, molecular immunology, clinical immunology, cancer immunology, transplantation immunology, immune pathology, immunodeficiency, autoimmune diseases, immune disorders, and immunotherapy.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 24, 2018 6:34 AM
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Arthritis & Rheumatology, Ahead of Print.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 24, 2018 6:29 AM
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Cell Mol Immunol. 2018 Mar 19. doi: 10.1038/cmi.2017.136. [Epub ahead of print] Review
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 23, 2018 10:24 AM
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 23, 2018 7:41 AM
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Rescooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
from Immune-Monitoring
March 21, 2018 3:55 AM
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B cells play a central role in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathophysiology but dysregulated pathways leading to a break in B cell tolerance remain unclear. Since Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) favors the elimination of autoreactive B cells in the periphery, we assessed TLR9 function in SLE by analyzing the responses of B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) isolated from healthy donors and patients after stimulation with CpG, a TLR9 agonist. We found that SLE B cells from patients without hydroxychloroquine treatment displayed defective in vitro TLR9 responses, as illustrated by the impaired upregulation of B cell activation molecules and the diminished production of various cytokines including antiinflammatory IL-10. In agreement with CD19 controlling TLR9 responses in B cells, decreased expression of the CD19/CD21 complex on SLE B cells was detected as early as the transitional B cell stage. In contrast, TLR7 function was preserved in SLE B cells, whereas pDCs from SLE patients properly responded to TLR9 stimulation, thereby revealing that impaired TLR9 function in SLE was restricted to B cells. We conclude that abnormal CD19 expression and TLR9 tolerogenic function in SLE B cells may contribute to the break of B cell tolerance in these patients.
Via Marcelo de Carvalho Bittencourt
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 19, 2018 3:14 AM
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A cellular and molecular view of T helper 17 cell plasticity in autoimmunity
Ralph Stadhouders, Erik Lubberts, Rudi W. Hendriks
Journa
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 16, 2018 3:17 AM
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PubMed comprises more than 27 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
Highlights • Autoantibodies exert a pathogenic or protective role in cancer progression. • Autoantibodies are valuable targets for future cancer diagnosis and therapy. • Autoantibodies are helpful to predict the prognosis of cancer in clinic practice. • Novel autoantibody panels may be helpful to improve cancer diagnosis or prognosis.
Via Krishan Maggon
Major histocompatibility (MHC) class II molecules are strongly associated with many autoimmune disorders. In type 1 diabetes, the DQ8 molecule is common, confers significant disease risk and is involved in disease pathogenesis.
Via Krishan Maggon
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Rescooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
from Rheumatology-Rhumatologie
March 4, 2018 4:50 AM
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The year was 1991. It was my first Tuesday as a rheumatology fellow at the University of Pittsburgh’s Presbyterian Hospital. Navigating a maze of buildings and hallways, I delivered myself to the entrance to the scleroderma clinic. Running late and not knowing whether there was a separate entrance for staff, I clicked open the door.... [Read More]
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 4, 2018 4:11 AM
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Scientific Program | Autoimmunity Congress 2018, Lisbon
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 25, 2018 2:38 PM
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bioRxiv - the preprint server for biology, operated by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, a research and educational institution
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 24, 2018 6:34 AM
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Arthritis & Rheumatology, Ahead of Print.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 24, 2018 6:30 AM
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Objective Observations of microbial dysbiosis in patients with RA have raised interest in studying microbial‐mucosal interactions as a potential trigger of RA. Using the murine collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA) model, we hypothesized that microbiota modulate immune responses leading to autoimmune...
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 23, 2018 12:40 PM
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These data show that a progressive improvement in disease activity is associated with
correction of pro-inflammatory T-cell lineage specification in patients with active
systemic lupus erythematosus during 12 months of sirolimus treatment. Follow-up placebo-controlled
clinical trials in diverse patient populations are warranted to further define the
role of mTOR blockade in treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 23, 2018 10:15 AM
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Suggested by
Société Francaise d'Immunologie
March 21, 2018 9:39 AM
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 19, 2018 3:16 AM
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Using multi-omic technology to reclassify and improve treatment for autoimmune disease.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 17, 2018 3:13 AM
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Clinical Practice from The New England Journal of Medicine — Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 14, 2018 2:09 PM
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Objetive Systemic vasculitides represent a heterogeneous group of rare complex diseases of the blood vessels with a poorly understood aetiology. To investigate the shared genetic component underlying their predisposition, we performed the first cross-phenotype meta-analysis of genetic data from different clinically distinct patterns of vasculitis.
Methods Immunochip genotyping data from 2465 patients diagnosed with giant cell arteritis, Takayasu’s arteritis, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis or IgA vasculitis as well as 4632 unaffected controls were analysed to identify common susceptibility loci for vasculitis development. The possible functional consequences of the associated variants were interrogated using publicly available annotation data.
Results The strongest association signal corresponded with an intergenic polymorphism located between HLA-DQB1 and HLA-DQA2 (rs6932517, P=4.16E-14, OR=0.74). This single nucleotide polymorphism is in moderate linkage disequilibrium with the disease-specific human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class II associations of each type of vasculitis and could mark them. Outside the HLA region, we identified the KDM4C gene as a common risk locus for vasculitides (highest peak rs16925200, P=6.23E-07, OR=1.75). This gene encodes a histone demethylase involved in the epigenetic control of gene expression.
Conclusions Through a combined analysis of Immunochip data, we have identified KDM4C as a new risk gene shared between systemic vasculitides, consistent with the increasing evidences of the crucial role that the epigenetic mechanisms have in the development of complex immune-mediated conditions.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 12, 2018 4:06 AM
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Type 1 diabetes (T1D) affects millions of people worldwide and is the prevalent form of all pediatric diabetes diagnoses. T1D is recognized to have an autoimmune etiology, since failure in specific self-tolerance mechanisms triggers immune reactions towards self-antigens and causes disease onset. Among all the different immunocytes involved in T1D etiopathogenesis, a relevant role of natural killer cells (NKs) is currently emerging. NKs represent the interface between innate and adaptive immunity; they intervene in the defense against infections and present, at the same time, typical features of the adaptive immune cells, such as expansion and generation of memory cells. Several recent studies, performed both in animal models and in human diabetic patients, revealed aberrations in NK cell frequency and functionality in the peripheral blood and in damaged tissues, suggesting their possible redirection towards affected tissues. NKs oscillate from a quiescent to an activated state through a delicate balance of activating and inhibitory signals transduced via surface receptors. Further accurate investigations are needed to elucidate the exact role of NKs in T1D, in order to develop novel immune-based therapies able to reduce the disease risk or delay its onset.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 7, 2018 9:07 AM
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 4, 2018 4:15 AM
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Through the combination of genomics and metabolomics research, scientists are getting closer to understanding the impact of environmental exposure and lifestyle on disease onset. This recently designated "exposotype" (which takes into account genomic and metabolic data) is a new tool researchers can potentially use to refine and revolutionize current thinking about precision medicine and risk assessment.
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