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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
March 17, 2023 5:01 AM
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Many individuals with MOGAD may benefit from long-term immunotherapy.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
February 26, 2023 4:06 AM
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
February 17, 2023 4:01 AM
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Traumatic central nervous system (CNS) injury often causes irreversible
impairment, and new alternative therapies for the treatment of CNS injury and
sequelae are expected to be developed. Recently, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have started being used as cell therapy for neurological...
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
February 6, 2023 3:19 AM
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Multiple sclerosis is clinically characterized by relapses and remissions (relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis) that over time may evolve to a progressive course (secondary progressive multiple sclerosis) or as having a progressive course from disease onset (primary progressive multiple sclerosis...
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
February 1, 2023 10:08 AM
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
January 16, 2023 1:22 PM
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Immune system molecules are expressed by neurons, yet their functions are often unknown. We have identified IL-13 and its receptor IL-13Ra1 as neuronal, synaptic proteins in mouse, rat, and human brains, whose engagement upregulates the phosphorylation of NMDAR and AMPAR subunits and, in turn, increases synaptic activity and CREB-mediated transcription. We demonstrate that increased IL-13 is a hallmark of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in male mice as well as in two distinct cohorts of human patients. We also provide evidence that IL-13 upregulation protects neurons from excitotoxic death. We show IL-13 upregulation occurring in several cohorts of human brain samples and in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Thus, IL-13 is a physiological modulator of synaptic physiology of neuronal origin, with implications for the establishment of synaptic plasticity and the survival of neurons under injury conditions. Furthermore, we suggest that the neuroprotection afforded through the upregulation of IL-13 represents an entry point for interventions in the pathophysiology of TBI. Il-13 is expressed in neurons and IL-13 ko causes memory impairment. Here, authors show that IL-13 and its receptor IL-13Ra1 are pre- and post-synaptic proteins, respectively, involved in synaptic signaling, plasticity and neuroprotection.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
January 8, 2023 3:56 AM
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Aging is commonly associated with the loss of cognitive capacity driven by the degeneration of the brain. New research strengthens the links between CD8+ T cells and interferon-γ production in the brain, and neurodegeneration.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
December 27, 2022 10:19 AM
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Persistent neurological symptoms affect a substantial fraction of people after COVID-19
and represent a major component of long COVID. Here, Monje and Iwasaki review what
is understood about the neurobiological underpinnings of long COVID cognitive symptoms.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
December 17, 2022 2:44 AM
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A study reports the distribution, replication and persistence of SARS-CoV-2 throughout the human body including in the brain at autopsy from acute infection to more than seven months following symptom onset.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
December 16, 2022 5:18 AM
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iNPH + AD may be linked with greater declines in aspects of executive functioning postoperatively relative to iNPH alone.While baseline AD pathology may not prognosticate shunt response, younger age appears linked with postsurgical cognitive improvement, and utilizing both brief and comprehensive...
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
December 16, 2022 5:16 AM
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The choroid plexus (CP) is an important structure for the brain. Besides its major role in the production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), it conveys signals originating from the brain, and from the circulatory system, shaping brain function in health and in pathology.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
December 16, 2022 5:15 AM
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Genetic factors play a key role in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, both as monogenic causes of inheritable disease forms and as modifiers of susceptibility to sporadic phenotypes.Over the last two decades tremendous advances have been made in identifying the genetic...
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
December 16, 2022 5:15 AM
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Our approach provides the basis to overcome current limitations in automated cell classification for routine diagnostics and demonstrates how a visual explanation framework can connect machine decision-making with cell properties and thus provide a novel versatile and quantitative method for investi...
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
February 28, 2023 6:35 AM
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
February 18, 2023 11:28 AM
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We infer that LRP4 autoantibodies are involved in patients with neurological manifestations affecting LRP4-containing tissues and are found more frequently in ALS patients than MG patients. LRP4 antibodies may have a direct pathogenic activity in ALS by participating in the denervation process.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
February 16, 2023 11:51 AM
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
February 6, 2023 3:17 AM
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The type I interferon (IFN) response is the body's typical immune defense against viruses. Previous studies linked high expression of genes encoding type I IFNs in the brain's choroid plexus to cognitive decline under virus-free conditions in aging and neurodegeneration.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
January 17, 2023 2:35 AM
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
January 9, 2023 3:49 AM
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
January 5, 2023 11:35 AM
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Induction and resolution of anosmia. We previously showed that anosmia developed in all SARS-CoV-2–infected K18-hACE2 mice (15). Next, we investigated the recovery phase of anosmia after SARS-CoV-2 infection using buried food tests (BFT) and scent-discrimination tests as described previously (15).
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
December 26, 2022 1:30 PM
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Although ocular manifestations are reported in patients with COVID-19, consensus on ocular tropism of SARS-CoV-2 is lacking. Here, we infect K18-hACE2 transgenic mice with SARS-CoV-2 using various routes. We observe ocular manifestation and retinal inflammation with production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the eyes of intranasally (IN)-infected mice. Intratracheal (IT) infection results in dissemination of the virus from the lungs to the brain and eyes via trigeminal and optic nerves. Ocular and neuronal invasions are confirmed using intracerebral (IC) infection. Notably, the eye-dropped (ED) virus does not cause lung infection and becomes undetectable with time. Ocular and neurotropic distribution of the virus in vivo is evident in fluorescence imaging with an infectious clone of SARS-CoV-2-mCherry. The ocular tropic and neuroinvasive characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 are confirmed in wild-type Syrian hamsters. Our data can improve the understanding regarding viral transmission and clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and help in improving COVID-19 control procedures. SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis is very complex and not fully understood yet. Here, Jeong et al. show that intranasally infected K18-hACE2 transgenic mice develop ocular infection and retinal inflammation, while intratracheal infection results in the dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 from mouse lungs to their brain and eyes via unidirectional route and confirm the tissue tropism in Syrian hamster model.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
December 17, 2022 1:51 AM
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An emerging concept of normal brain immune surveillance proposes that recently and moderately activated central memory T lymphocytes enter the central nervous system (CNS) directly into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) via the choroid plexus.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
December 16, 2022 5:17 AM
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For many years, scientists have searched for the cause of Alzheimer's disease.While a lot of research attention focused on misfolded proteins as the p | Immunology...
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
December 16, 2022 5:16 AM
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Mutations in profilin 1 (PFN1) have been identified in rare familial cases of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). PFN1 is involved in multiple pathways that could intervene in ALS pathology. However, the specific pathogenic role of PFN1 mutations in ALS is still not fully understood.
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Scooped by
Gilbert C FAURE
December 16, 2022 5:15 AM
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Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contains a tightly regulated immune system. However, knowledge is lacking about how CSF immunity is altered with aging or neurodegenerative disease. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on CSF from 45 cognitively normal subjects ranging from 54 to 82 years old.
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