Conservation Agriculture Research Updates - April 2026
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Conservation Agriculture Research Updates - April 2026
See our full research database for more CA articles at https://www.zotero.org/groups/348525/cornell_conservation_agriculture/collections/KGBFX8BX  See our CA web site at https://soilhealth.org and click the "Research" menu item and then "How to use database" so you can apply to join our Zotero CA group to better able to look at the data in our CA database.
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Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
December 21, 2022 2:19 PM

The role of cover crops for cropland soil carbon, nitrogen leaching, and agricultural yields – a global simulation study with LPJmL (V. 5.0-tillage-cc)

Porwollick, V., Rollinski, S., Heinke, J., von Bloh, W., Schaphoff, S. & Mueller, C. 2022. Biogeosciences 19 (3) 957-977.

https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-957-2022

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This study assessed the biophysical and biogeochemical impacts and the potential contribution of cover crop practices to sustainable land use using a global dynamic vegetation model LPJmL (Lund-Potsdam-Jena managed Land) V. 5.0-tillage-cc to simulate responses of agroecosystem components to cover crop cultivation in comparison to bare-soil fallowing practices on global cropland for a period of 50 years. They found that cover crops with tillage reduced annual nitrogen leaching rates from cropland soils but also the productivity of the following main crop for the 2 analyzed decades. The largest reductions in productivity were found for rice and modestly lowered ones for maize and wheat, whereas the soybean yield revealed an almost homogenously positive response to cover crop practices replacing bare-soil fallow periods. Their results suggest that having no tillage is a suitable complementary practice to cover crops, enhancing soil carbon sequestration and the reduction in nitrogen leaching, while reducing potential trade-offs with the main-crop productivity due to their impacts on soil nitrogen and water dynamics. 

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Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
October 29, 2022 5:36 PM

Conservation agriculture improves agronomic, economic, and soil fertility indicators for a clay soil in a rainfed Mediterranean climate in Morocco

Devkota, M., Devkota, K.P. & Kumar, S. 2022. Agricultural Systems. 201. Article number 103470.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2022.103470

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

Climate change is causing declining rainfall (more variability) and increasing temperature extremes and when added to declining soil fertility, food security in rainfed Morocco is threatened. The objective of this study was to systematically evaluate agronomic, economic, and soil fertility indicators under CA and conventional tillage (CT) using field experimentation (medium-term) and simulation modeling (long-term) for a clay soil in Morocco. They looked at the effect of CA on wheat, barley, lentil and chickpea to determine yield, stability, profits, WUE, and soil fertility. They also used Dynamic simulation modeling to assess the long-term effect of adopting CA and CT in these cereal rotations. Both their 5-year field experiment and the modeling showed that adoption of CA improves a range of agronomic, economic and soil fertility indicators compared to CT.

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Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
July 25, 2022 2:16 PM

Study on the Influencing Factors of Farmers’ Adoption of Conservation Tillage Technology in Black Soil Region in China: A Logistic-ISM Model Approach

Guo, H., Zhao, W., Pan, C., Qiu, G., Xu, S. & Liu, S. 2022. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 19 (13) Article number 7762. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137762

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This study surveys 442 farmers in China and use a logistic-ISM model to determine the influencing factors of farmer's adoption of CA. The three main factors of 8 found are age, knowledge of Government subsidies and number of labor force. Two other factors are education and knowledge that the Government is promoting CA. Two others are received technical knowledge of CA  and whether their planting area is scattered. The authors suggest some policy suggestions to improve extension, implementation of land transfer and subsidies, strengthen rural social services, and publicize the importance of protecting black soils.

Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
May 1, 2022 2:33 PM

Evaluation of different infiltration models under long term conservation agricultural practices

Ghosh, T., Maity, P.P., Das, T.K., Krishnan, P., Bhatia, A., Roy, M. & Sharma, D.K. 2020. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 90 (12) 2379-2384. Available at https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Evaluation+of+different+infiltration+models+under+long+term+conservation+agricultural+practices&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This paper from India looked at the long term effect of various CA practices on infiltration of water using modeling. Treatments included a check (CT), Permanent narrow beds (PNB) and wide beds (PBB) with and without residue (+R) and NT. The initial and cumulative infiltration rates were highest in the PBB+R treatment and lowest in CT. Bed planting with residue was better than BP without residue that was better than NT without residue. After checking the model performance, it was found that simple empirical Kostiakov (1932) infiltration model represented the infiltration rate and time relationship in a better way and characterized the best fit with the experimentally observed field infiltration data.

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Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
March 25, 2022 1:17 PM

Simulating no-tillage effects on crop yield and greenhouse gas emissions in Kentucky corn and soybean cropping systems: 1980–2018

Huang, Y., Tao, B., Yang, Y., Zhu, X., Yang, X., John, J.H. & Ren, W. 2022. Agricultural Systems. 197. Article number 103355.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2021.103355

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This long term no-till article in Kentucky used a agroecosystem model along with environmental datasets to quantify effects of NT on yield and GHG emissions in corn-soybean cropping systems. Tillage scenarios were CT and NT. Overall, NT reduced soil CO2 (−1.6% for corn and −4.53% for soybean) and N2O emissions (−10.5% for corn and −19.6% for soybean) compared to CT. However, corn and soybean yields with NT were not significantly different from those with CT. The summary does no indicate residue management that is important in helping with SOM accumulation and improved soil health. The authors conclude that the findings provide insights into how NT can enhance agroecosystem production stability and support climate change mitigation. 

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Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
February 23, 2022 1:48 PM

Water budgeting in conservation agriculture-based sub-surface drip irrigation in tropical maize using HYDRUS-2D in South Asia | Scientific Reports

Patra, K., Parihar, C.M., Nayak, H.S., Rana, B., Singh, V.K., Jat, S.L., Panwar, S., Parihar, M.D., Singh, L.K., Sidhu, H.S., Gerard, B. & Jat, M.L. 2021. Scientific Reports. 11 (1) Article number 16770.

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93866-6

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This study includes research soil-water studies on maize-wheat system where maize is used instead of rice. They use CA and sub-surface drip irrigation (SSDI) as key strategies to address water scarcity in South Asia. The field study used a process-based model (HYDRUS 2D) to understand water transport, root water uptake and components of soil water balance in maize grown in rotation with wheat after five years of continuous adoption of conservation agriculture. The study included CA, SSDI, permanent beds, with and without residues and different N-rates and compared with CA on beds with furrow irrigation and conventional tillage on beds without residue. In CA+ based plots (CA + SSDI) significantly had higher biomass production and radiation use efficiency with reduced water use than CA (furrow irrigation) and CT.

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Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
November 29, 2021 11:41 AM

Untangling soil‐weather drivers of daily N2O emissions and fertilizer management mitigation strategies in no‐till corn.

Bastos, L.M., Rice, C.W., Tomlinson, P.J. & Mengal, D. 2021. Soil Science Society of America. 85 (5) 1437-1447.
https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20292

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This a second article on N20 emissions looking at soil-weather effects using a conditional inference tree (CIT)  learning method able to untangle complex interactions while providing an interpretation model. The goals of this study were (a) to assess the effect of N fertilizer on N2O emissions, and to use CIT to identify (b) the main soil-weather drivers of daily N2O hot moments and (c) fertilizer management options to mitigate them in a 2-year no-till maize experiment.2013 was drier and had less N20 emissions than 2014. Only subsurface-banded fertilizer with a nitrification inhibitor (NI) consistently abated N2O losses. The main hot moment conditions were within ∼80 d of fertilizer application when soil temperature >15 °C and WFPS >57%. 

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Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
October 27, 2021 3:58 PM

Long term soil carbon sequestration potential of smallholder croplands in southern Ethiopia with DAYCENT model

Lemma, B., Williams, S. & Paustian, K. 2021. Journal of Environmental Management. 294. article number 112893.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112893

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This Ethiopian study assessed the long-term impact of different conservation management systems (CMS) on soil organic carbon (SOC) using the DAYCENT model over a 30 year period. The management systems considered were minimum tillage, crop residue (CR) retention, fertilization and their combinations.Data came from studies in the literature. The alternate systems were compared with the business as usual treatment (BAU). Results showed CMS increased SOC in the 0-20 cm layer compared to BAU. The individual effect of fertilization, CR retention or minimum tillage management practices on SOC stock were lower than the response of the combined conservation management practices. They conclude that the combined 50–75% CR retention, NT, and increased N fertilization have a potential to increase SOC sequestration in resource-limited smallholding croplands. 

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Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
August 24, 2021 3:11 PM

Can Retention of Crop Residues on the Field Be Justified on Socioeconomic Grounds? A Case Study from the Mixed Crop-Livestock Production Systems of the Moroccan Drylands.

El-Shater, T. & Yigezu, Y.A. 2021. Agronomy. 11 (8) 1465. 20 pages.

https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11081465

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This article applies an endogenous switching regression model to a case study of 2296 wheat fields in Morocco, to provide evidence on the socio-economic impacts of residue retention. 30% and 60% plus of crop residues were retained respectively on 35% and 14% of wheat fields. These levels of residue retention led to 22% and 29% more yields, 25% and 32% higher gross margins and 22% and 25% more consumption of wheat, respectively. Residue retention is economically and biophysically beneficial even for owners of livestock as the monetary value of the additional grain yield more than offsets the cost of purchasing an equivalent amount of feed from the market—all providing good economic justification for residue retention. Development and/or import of alternative feed sources, introducing crop insurance, and raising the awareness of the economic, biophysical and environmental benefits of residue retention among farmers are needed.

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Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
August 23, 2021 3:47 PM

Simulating soil organic carbon in maize-based systems under improved agronomic management in Western Kenya

Nyawira, S.S., Hartman, M.D., Nguyen, T.H., Margenot, A.J., Kihara, J., Paul, B.K., Williams, S., Bolo, P. & Sommer, R. 2021. Soil and Tillage Research. 211. Article number 105000.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2021.105000

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This study used the DayCent biogeochemical model to identify the best management practices for SOC sequestration. They used data from two long-term field sites in Western Kenya that used two promoted management practices: integrated nutrient management and conservation agriculture. Correlations at both sites between measured and simulated SOC were low to moderate, and in most cases produced fairly accurate predictions of SOC trends. The conclude that model results suggest that response of the passive SOC pool to the different management practices is a key driver of the long-term SOC trends at the two study sites.

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Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
May 29, 2021 11:07 AM

How much is enough? How multi-season exposure to demonstrations affects the use of conservation farming practices in Mozambique.

Khainga, D.N., Marenya, P.P. & da Luz Quinhentos. M. 2021. Environment, Development and Sustainability.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-01106-0

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This paper looks at various methods for scaling new agricultural uses .practices and technologies and assess their effectiveness. They collected data from 875 smallholder farmers. in central Mozambique. They used a continuous treatment model within the framework of a generalized propensity score matching to empirically assess the effectiveness of community-based extension activities in fostering the adoption of a set of conservation tillage practices . The results show that controlling for socio-demographic factors such as gender of decision maker, land size and access to government services, the area under conservation tillage doubled when respondents had been exposed to targeted extension activities for at least six seasons, from a baseline exposure of two seasons. The study offers an important first step in making an empirical case for multi-year investments in extension activities.

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April 29, 2021 7:04 PM

Modeling the effects of farming management practices on soil organic carbon stock under two tillage practices in a semi-arid region, Morocco.

Lembaid, I., Moussadek, R., Mrabet, R., Douaik, A. & Bouhaouss, A. 2021. Helyon. 7 (1) article number e05889.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05889

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

In this paper, a process-based model, Denitrification-Decomposition (DNDC), was validated on midterm (9 years) and employed depending on the local climate, soil and management conditions, to assess the impacts of alternative management practices on SOC stock under two tillage systems, in a semi-arid region of Morocco. Modeled results pointed out that, under no-tillage practice (NT), the SOC content increased by 30% compared to conventional tillage (CT). During the simulated period (9 years), the SOC sequestration potential (CSP) has been greatly improved with increased crop residue rate and application of farmyard manure (FY-manure). They conclude that an increase in crop residue rate returned at surface after harvest and application of organic fertilizer, especially under NT practice, can substantially improve SOC stock in a semi-arid region.

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Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
February 24, 2021 7:21 PM

Methodology for estimating the impact of no tillage on the 4perMille initiative: The case of annual crops in Spain.

Moreno-Garcia, M., Repullo-Ruiberriz, M.A., Gonzalez-Sanchez, E.J.,  Ordenez-Fernandez, R., Veroz-Gonzalez, O. & Maria Carbonell-Bojollo, R. 2020. Geoderma. 371. Article number 114381.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114381

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This 4perMile initiative objective was to increase the annual amount of C in soils of the world by 0.4%. No Tillage (NT) potential applied in annual crops is presented in this paper as one way to achieve this. The comparison between the annual carbon sequestration (CS) through NT and the contents in SOC in annual crops, allowed the calculation of the potential importance of NT, within the regional framework, of the 4perMille Initiative. This methodology for calculating the NT potential over the 4perMille Initiative can be easily replicated in regions and countries around the world.

Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
December 21, 2022 1:24 PM

Integrating a crop model with a greenhouse gas calculator to identify low carbon agricultural intensification options for smallholder farmers in rural South Africa.

Rusere, F., Dicks, L.V., Mkuhlani, S. & Crespo, O. 2022. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy. 24 (6) 1663-1680.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-022-02272-7

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This paper uses a model to estimate crop yields and GHG emissions. It develops a biophysical modelling framework encompassing a farm typology, a crop model, and a farm-focused GHG calculator to assess productivity (crop yield) and GHG emissions of crop management practices concurrently to study cropping systems based on CA on different farm types. All farm types had net sources on GHG across all farm types. But using CA-based practices independently and in combination into farm-type maize-based cropping systems showed significant potential in improving crop yields and lowering GHG emissions across all farm types and were found to be more efficient with higher yields and ecosystem services that help with climate change mitigation.

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Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
July 31, 2022 9:35 PM

Are No-Till Herbicide-Free Systems Possible? A Simulation Study

Colbach, N. & Cordeau, S. 2022. Frontiers in Agronomy. 4. Article number 823069. https://doi.org/10.3389/fagro.2022.823069

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This paper investigated how much tillage reduces weed infestation and yield loss, and which systems and weed species are the most affected by tillage suppression. Data was collected from 395 arable cropping systems mainly in France. They used the data and simulated them over 30 years with 10 weather repetitions using the FLORSYS model. Three series were simulated, (1) using the recorded systems, (2) eliminating tillage without any other changes, (3) eliminating herbicides without any other changes. Among the recorded systems, herbicide treatment frequency index (HTFI) averaged over rotation increased when tillage frequency decreased. No recorded no-till system was herbicide-free. The simulations indicated that two CA pillars (diverse crop rotations, cover cropping) were essential to manage weeds while reducing (or eliminating) both tillage and herbicide use. More no-till cropping systems must be investigated to determine whether sustainable no-till herbicide-free systems are possible.

Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
May 28, 2022 1:31 PM

Machine learning model accurately predict maize grain yields in conservation agriculture systems in Southern Africa.

Muthoni, F., Thierfelder, C., Mudereri, B., Manda, J., Bekunda, M. & Hoeschle-Zeledon, I. 2021. 9th International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics, Agro-Geoinformatics. Shenzhen, China. Code 171647. 5 pages

https://doi.org/10.1109/Agro-Geoinformatics50104.2021.9530335

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This study estimated the the spatial-temporal variations of maize yields from 13-year on-farm trials from 4 countries in Southern Africa. Agronomic data from long-term CA trials is used with gridded biophysical and socioeconomic variables. Comparisons were made between CA and CT practices with above and below average precipitation. The variable importance analysis showed that the altitude, precipitation, temperature, and soil physical and nutrients conditions variables explained most of the variation in maize grain yield. Maps were generated to identify the locations where CA had a yield advantage over CP during seasons with below and above-average precipitation. The paper concludes that multi-source remotely sensed data, coupled with advanced and efficient machine learning algorithms provides accurate, cost-effective, and timely platforms for predicting the optimal locations for upscaling sustainable agricultural technologies. 

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Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
March 27, 2022 3:29 PM

Can conservation agriculture mitigate climate change and reduce environmental impacts for intensive cropping systems in North China Plain?

Zhang, H., Hobbie, E.A., Feng, P., Niu, L. & Hu, K. Science of the Total Environment. 806. 151194

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151194

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This long-term experiment (14 years) combined fertilization rate (no, low and high N fertilizer, N0, N1 and N2), straw additions (no, low and high addition, S0, S1 and S2) with conservation tillage (no-tillage, NT) in the North China Plain. A Denitrification Decomposition model (DNDC) was used with the data collected and then applied  to simulate the changes of crop yields, soil organic carbon (SOC), and N2O emissions under different management practices combined with climate change scenarios, under low and high emission scenarios of societal development pathways (SSP245 and SSP585, respectively) with climate projections from 2031 to 2100. They conclude that CA can potentially offset crop yield reductions, increase soil quality, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the NCP, and ensure crop production to meet the growing demand for food under future climate change.

Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
February 25, 2022 1:46 PM

Simulation of maize and soybean yield using DSSAT under long-term conventional and no-till systems

Rai, T., Kumar, S., Nleya, T., SExton, P. & Hoogenboom, G. 2022. Soil Research. On-line. Article number 21042

https://doi.org/10.1071/SR21042

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This study evaluated 2 crop models CSM-CERES for maize and CSM-CROPGRO for soybean for NT and CT systems and compared the long-term impacts of NT and CT on crop yield and SOC using 5 years of data. The results from these long-term (30-year) simulations suggest that compared to CT, the NT system enhanced SOC over time and, hence, crop yield and biomass production. They conclude that application of NT can be beneficial for enhancing the soils and crop production in the long-term as compared to the CT system.

Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
February 23, 2022 10:11 AM

Quantification of resilience metrics as affected by conservation agriculture at a watershed scale

Eeswaran, R., Nejadhashemi, A.P., Kpodo, J., Curtis, Z.K., Adhikari, U., Liao, H., Li, S.G., Hernandez-Suarez, J.S., Alves, F.C., Raschke, A. Jha, P.K. 2021. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 320. Article number 107612.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2021.107612

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This paper presents an approach that integrates long-term field experimental data and modeling to quantify resilience of NT at a watershed scale in Michigan. Recharge, groundwater table, soil moisture, yield, and net return were used as resilience metrics. The DSSAT sequence crop model was developed for a corn-soybean-wheat rotation and calibrated using the yield and soil moisture data from a long-term (1993–2019) experiment for the conventional and the no-till treatment conducted within the study area. Their results show evidence of higher recharge and net return under the no-till treatment, which were statistically significant for all crops at the watershed scale. The NT treatment also retained more soil moisture that helped mitigate drought impacts. The groundwater table also rose in NT treatments.

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October 28, 2021 12:29 PM

Effects of conservation agriculture maize-based cropping systems on soil health and crop performance in New Caledonia

Kulagowski, R., Thoumazeau, A., Leopold, A., Lienhard, P., Boulakia, S., Metay, A., Sturm, T., Tixier, P., Brauman, A., Fogliani, B. & Tivet, F. 2021. Soil and Tillage Research. 212. Article number 105079

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2021.105079

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This study assessed the relationships between soil health and cropping system performance for three maize-based cropping systems in New Caledonia. There were two CA systems compared a conventional tillage system: direct seeding into dead mulch (CA-DM) and into a stylo living mulch (CA-LM). Soil health was evaluated using Biofunctool®, a set of ten in-field tools that assess soil carbon transformation, structure maintenance and nutrient cycling functions. Weeds, maize growth and yield components were monitored using a Structual Equation model (SEM). Soil structure maintenance and nutrient cycling functions were higher under CA-DM and CA-LM than under CT, and carbon transformation function was higher under CA-DM than under CT and CA-LM. Overall, the soil health index (SHI) was 1.3-fold higher under CA systems than under CT.

Smith Rowe's curator insight, December 8, 2021 3:01 AM
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Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
August 26, 2021 11:27 AM

Effectiveness of conservation agriculture (tillage vs. vegetal soil cover) to reduce water erosion in maize cultivation (Zea mays L.): An experimental study in the sub-humid uplands of Guatemala

Blanco-Sepulveda, R., Enriquez-Narvaez, F. & Lima, F. 2021. Geoderma. 404: 115336.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115336

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This paper looks at the problem of soil erosion in the mountains of Guatemala. It looks at the effectiveness of CA to reduce soil erosion in maize cultivation. The study was conducted over a three-year period, from 2017 to 2019, on three experimental plots managed under conventional tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT) and no-tillage (NT). The general-to-specific (GETS) method, based on reduction theory, was used to generate explanatory models of the erosion-affected surface. The results showed different rates of eroded soil surface between the three management systems: 73.2% under CT, 41.3% under RT and 20.4% under NT. Three conclusions are derived and discussed in this paper. Litter layer was the key explanatory factor for erosion that was highly influenced by the agricultural management system. The paper recommended for the area of this study that soil management under NT with a dense and well distributed litter cover is best to control erosion.

love story's curator insight, October 14, 2021 6:23 AM

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Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
August 23, 2021 4:02 PM

Modeling smallholder agricultural systems to manage Striga in the semi-arid tropics

Silberg, T.R., Renner, K., Olabisi, L.S., Richardson, R.B., Chimonyo, V.G,P., Uriona-Maldonado, M., Basso, B.B. & Mwale, C. 2021. Agricultural Systems. 187. Article number 103008.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2020.103008

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This is a study of the parasitic weed, Striga, a frequent problem for smallholder farmers in South Africa. They used system dynamic modeling to assess the efficacy of various striga treatments (SCPs) across different seasons and agroecosystems in maize based cropping systems. Model simulations indicate that while a combination of SCPs are necessary to manage the weed, future research should focus on developing smallholder-adapted SCPs that address the attachment stage of the weed's lifecycle (e.g., timely manure application) rather than its germination, emergence or flowering stages. They conclude that it is imperative to develop decision support tools like systems models to evaluate SCPs for smallholders that help extension agents to provide correct information to farmers.

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Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
July 26, 2021 1:13 PM

Can an incremental approach be a better option in the dissemination of conservation agriculture? Some socioeconomic justifications from the drylands of Morocco

Yigezu, Y.A., El-Shater, T., Boughlala, M., Devkota, M., Mrabet, R. & Moussadek, R. 2021. Soil and Tillage Research. 212. 105067.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2021.105067

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This study uses an endogenous switching regression model to a nationally representative sample of 1901 wheat fields in Morocco to analyze the impacts of partial or full adoption of all three components of the CA system. Model results show that adoption of the complete CA system leads to 307 kg/ha (35 %) higher yields, US$99/ha (44 %) higher gross margins, and 23 kg/capita/year (38 %) more consumption of wheat relative to the conventional system. Adopting only two of the 3 pillars also leads to improved livelihood indicators compared to adoption of only one or none of the pillars. But adoption of one pillar is better than none. They conclude transition from the conventional system to CA requires the following: (1) flexibility to let farmers incrementally adopt one or more of the CA components, learn at their own pace, use some of the benefits, and improve it over time to exploit the full potential of the CA system with close follow-up and technical support from experts and extension specialists; and (2) sustained policy and institutional supports that provide incentives for farmers to adopt and for the private sector to be actively involved, especially in service provision.

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Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
April 29, 2021 7:29 PM

Long-term effects of conservation tillage on soil erosion in Central Europe: A random forest-based approach

Madarasz, B., Jakab, G., Szalai, Z., Juhos, K., Kotroczo, Z., Toth, A. & Ladanyi, M. 2021. Soil and Tillage Research. 209. Article number 104959. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2021.104959

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

This 16 year long term study in Hungary looked at the effect of conservation tillage (CT) on run-off, soil loss and soil in large plots and compared with ploughing tillage (PT). By the end of the study period, significantly higher water-stable aggregates (PT: 20.0 %, CT: 30.4 %), higher soil organic matter (PT: 1.4 %, CT: 1.9 %), greater earthworm abundance (4.9 times that in PT plots) was recorded on the CT plots. The difference between PT and CT was significant for mean annual soil erosion, with values of 2.8 t ha−1 and 0.2 t ha-1, respectively. They conclude that the use of CT enabled the maintenance of a major fraction of precipitation on arable land, and consequently, soil loss remained an order of magnitude lower than its tolerable value.

Scooped by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
March 28, 2021 1:55 PM

Participatory multicriteria assessment of maize cropping systems in the context of family farmers in the Brazilian Cerrado.

Valadares, X.J.H., Gomes, M.C., dos Anjos, F.S., Macena da Silva, F.A. & Corbeels, M. 2020. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability. 18 (5) 410-426.

https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2020.1788253

Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)'s insight:

The objective of this study was to evaluate CA cropping systems for rainfed maize as an alternative to the traditional tillage-based cropping systems (CT) in the context of family farms, using a multi-criteria model that represents the point of view of farmers in Brazil. Farmers evaluated based on 5 criteria a) costs; b) yield; c) labor; d) human health and environment; and e) risks. CA did not differ from CT for the `costs' criterion but was superior for the `yield' and `labour' criteria. In contrast, CT obtained better ratings for the criteria `human health and environment' and `production risks'. Considering all criteria, CA was better appraised than CT. However, a new local policy measure that subsidizes the hiring of mechanized tillage services overturns this outcome, indicating the importance of exogenous factors. 

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