The piriformis muscle is the largest and most important of the rotator hip muscles found in the body. Located between the middle of the buttocks and the sacrum, the piriformis muscle functions by rotating the leg and foot outward. A major issue among athletes and the general public is that the sciatic nerve runs under or through the piriformis muscle.
Overworking or everyday stress on the body can cause the piriformis muscle to tighten, leading to irritation, swelling, and ultimately pinching of the sciatic nerve, known as piriformis syndrome. Once you have piriformis syndrome, you experience pain in the buttocks that travels down the leg of the affected piriformis muscle.
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The piriformis muscle is the most essential rotator hip muscles in the body as it functions by rotating the leg and foot outward. The sciatic nerve runs through the piriformis muscle which is a common problem for individuals whom suffer damage or injury to the piriformis muscle, causing symptoms of sciatica.