Turner syndrome is caused by numeric and structural abnormalities of the X chromosome. An increased frequency of autoimmunity as well as an elevated incidence of autoantibodies was observed in Turner patients.
Endocrinology Medical Article: Assessing the relationship between serum ghrelin levels and metabolic parameters and autoimmunity in patients with euthyroid hashimotos thyroiditis (Assessing the relationship between serum ghrelin levels and...
The major events leading to both rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease are reviewed. Several genes are involved in the development of rheumatic fever (RF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD). The inflammatory process that results from S. pyogenes infection involves the activation of several molecules such as VCAM and ICAM, which play a role in the migration of leukocytes to the heart, particularly to the valves. Specific chemokines, such as CXCL3/MIP1α as well as CCL1/I309 and CXCL9/Mig, attract T cells to the myocardium and valves, respectively. The autoimmune reactions are mediated by both the B- and T-cell responses that begin at the periphery, followed by the migration of T-cell clones to the heart and the infiltration of heart lesions in RHD patients. These cells recognize streptococcal antigens and human tissue proteins. Molecular mimicry between streptococcal M protein and human proteins has been proposed as the triggering factor leading to autoimmunity in RF and RHD. The production of cytokines from peripheral and heart-infiltrating mononuclear cells suggests that T helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 cytokines are the mediators of RHD heart lesions. The low numbers of IL-4-producing cells in the valvular tissue might contribute to the maintenance and progression of the valve lesions. The identification of a vaccine epitope opens a perspective of development of an effective and safe vaccine to prevent S. pyogenes infections, consequently RF and RHD.
Laboratories have been using several methods for detecting various autoantibodies: indirect immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation (IPP), Western blotting (WB), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Journal of Immunology Research (formerly titled Clinical and Developmental Immunology) is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies in all areas ...
Dr. Noel Rose Director, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions Autoimmune Disease Research Center Presented at the Graves' Disease & Thyroid Foundation's 2012 Pa...
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although Th1 cells are key orchestrators of T1D, the function(s) of the more recently identified Th17 subset are unclear due to inherent plasticity.
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Studies on autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidiasis ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) and its mouse model – both caused by mutant AIRE – have greatly advanced the under-standing of thymic processes that generate a self-tolerant T-cell repertoire.
The antinuclear antibody (ANA) test is widely used as a serological marker of autoimmune disease. Antinuclear antibodies are immunoglobulins or antibodies that bind to one or more antigens expressed within the nucleus of human cells.
The performance of immunoassays for the detection of autoantibodies is of critical importance in the diagnosis and assessment of patients with autoimmune connective tissue diseases (ACTD). Our objective was to compare ...
There is emerging evidence that autoantibodies directed against cytokines modulate the severity of autoimmune disease. Identification of cytokine-targeted autoantibodies in patients can be informative for diagnosis and ...
Compared to sAxl, sMer showed closer relations with specific aspects of SLE immunopathogenesis, such as production of lupus-specific autoantibodies and reduction of free ProS in circulation. Strong correlations with ...
Immune homeostasis in peripheral tissues is achieved by maintaining a balance between pathogenic effector T cells (Teffs) and protective Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs).
by Gunter Assmann, Klara Shihadeh, Viola Poeschel, Niels Murawski, Jutta Conigliarou, Mei Fang Ong, Michael Pfreundschuh Background Antibodies against citrullinated proteins (ACPA) have been recognised as the most specific serum marker for...
Beat autoimmunity The Wellcome Trust recently hosted a joint meeting with the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF) to discuss the common mechanisms of autoimmune disease and look at how collaborative ...
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