Our Global Future in the 21st Century is based on "The Third Industrial Revolution" which finally connects our new ICT infrastructure with distributed energy sources that are both renewable and sustainable
Google is expanding to India an initiative to popularise the use of its Chromebook laptops in schools, starting with a pilot in four schools in Andhra Pradesh.
The internet search company that makes the world's most popular software for smartphones and tablets will initially make available 25 Chromebooks to each school and train the teachers and instructors in the use of the required software applications.
"The school instructors will teach core subjects using applications and software. We believe with interactive learning, the student will understand better and will take interest in the subjects," Ponnala Lakshmaiah, the state's minister for information technology, said.
Chromebooks require an internet connection to use, and most of the data, such as files that users work on, are stored on Google's storage network connected to the internet. Earlier this month, Samsung released
a Chromebook model specifically for the Indian market. Schools are among the most popular market segments for the Chromebooks.
Google is running this programme in some 3,000 schools in the US, Singapore and Malaysia, a Google executive with direct knowledge of the plan to expand it to India told ET. The executive requested not to be named as Google was yet to announce the plan.
"Google aims to increase access to information and knowledge for all students, and encourages tools that support effective teaching and learning in the classroom, but we have nothing to announce at this time," a company spokeswoman said in an emailed statement.
The pilot project, in collaboration with Andhra Pradesh department of information technology, will start next month, a senior government official said. It will be launched in three government schools and one private school in Jangaon in Warangal district.
On the Danish island of Bornholm, the Ecogrid EU smart grid demonstration project is providing valuable lessons in how utilities can engage customers to help everyone gain maximum benefits from smart grid technology.
Nearly 10% of all households on the island are participating — an effort that involves not just the installation of smart meters, but also sensors, appliance controllers, and communications equipment in participants’ homes and businesses. Persuading residents to participate means learning how to clearly communicate the potential benefits of the smart grid to end users — while also managing expectations. Price signals are a key aspect of customer communication and engagement. Ecogrid EU includes two types of web portals: one for viewing their energy usage, current cost, and trends. The other lets users specify control setpoints and actions for key home appliances. How users opt to control their homes in response to prices signals completes that communication loop for utilities.
Consumers like lower bills — so not surprisingly, most Ecogrid EU customers indicated that lowering energy bills was a primary motivation for joining this project. But Maja Bendtsen, Head of Projects for Østkraft (the Danish utility based in Bornholm, which is managing the Ecogrid EU project), pointed out that delivering this benefit isn’t always easy.
Bendtsen noted that in Denmark, per-kWh prices paid by end users are comprised mostly of fixed components, such as taxes; actual energy consumption only accounts for about 20% of the typical Danish energy bill. This means that even when customers act to reduce their overall energy use, or to shift usage to off-peak times, they still may not save very much money.
This poses a challenge: If energy bill savings might not seem significant, what sorts of financial incentives might utilities offer customers that would make it worth their while to get more involved with actively managing their energy use? As EcoGrid EU continues, Østkraft will likely experiment on this front.
Coal mining companies in Australia have been enjoying the good life in recent years, making millions of dollars from feeding the seemingly insatiable energy appetites of Asia’s tiger economies – particularly that of China.
It says coal demand in China looks likely to fall in the years ahead due to concerns about climate change and other factors, leaving billions of dollars of investments in Australian coal mining projects in jeopardy.
The report, Stranded Down Under, details the considerable growth of Australia’s coal production in recent years. Coal has been one of the main reasons behind the continuing health of the country’s economy – it now accounts for 16% of the total value of exports.
Producers want to increase output from the present level of around 440 million tonnes per year to 550 million tonnes by 2020, the main part of production going for export.
Altogether investments of AU$100bn (US$90bn) involving 89 projects are planned over the next 15 years according to Australia’s federal Bureau of Resources and Energy Economics (BREE).
The use of public cellular networks for smart grids is slowly gaining acceptance and momentum across the world. Cellular is now commonly seen as an additional connectivity option, just like power line communications (PLC) and radio frequency (RF) mesh. Recent acquisitions of cellular smart grid vendors like SmartSynch and Metrum have proven that cellular cannot be ignored. While cellular has been used for some time by European utilities, only recently have North American firms begun to commit to public networks for critical smart grid applications. Cellular networks are also expected to play a significant role in supporting multimillion smart meter rollouts across the Asia Pacific region.
Issues like security, reliability, latency, cost, and technological obsolescence still plague the market, but have more to do with market perception than market reality. Recent advancements in 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE), combined with multimode chipsets and aggressive pricing from the carriers, have helped build a case for cellular. As smart grids become more complex, utilities will have to face a key question: Do they continue to invest, operate, and manage their own communications networks or do they allow communications specialists (i.e., cellular carriers) to do it for them? Navigant Research forecasts that total annual shipments of cellular-based communications nodes will grow from 2.7 million in 2012 to 16.3 million in 2020.
You may have noticed lately that more residences and businesses are being equipped with photovoltaic solar roof panels. The reason is relatively simple: the cost to do so has dropped dramatically over the past five years.
The cost of installing photovoltaic solar arrays has dropped to $3 per watt of electricity they produce - about the same as coal-powered plants cost to build - creating a watershed moment in the development of clean energy, experts say.
The average price of a solar panel has declined by 60% since the beginning of 2011, according to GTM Research. And, according to CleanTechnica, a website dedicated to renewable energy news, the price of solar power has fallen rom $76.67 per watt in 1977 to 74 cents today.
The amount of power produced by solar arrays in the U.S. is skyrocketing as installations soar. This year, it's expected that the amount of power solar arrays produce will be equal to that of 10 nuclear power plants or 10 gigawatts (a GW is equal to 1 billion watts), according to GTM.
As a whole, the U.S. installed 4.3GW of PV solar arrays this year, a 27% increase over 2012.
Average installed PV price per market segment from Q3 2011 through Q3 2013 (source: GTM Research).
The Bahrain Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA) has proposed to retain regulatory obligations on the kingdom's top telecom company Batelco for domestic data connectivity services in the country.
In a draft consultation issued yesterday, the regulator said its preliminary view was that Batelco continued to have significant market power (SMP) in the retail market and dominance in the wholesale market for the supply of domestic data connectivity services.
The obligations include regulated wholesale access in order to promote the competitive supply of connectivity services with guaranteed bandwidth, reported the Gulf Daily News, our sister publication.
Domestic data connectivity services include high-quality, guaranteed bandwidth services supplied to business customers.
These include traditional leased line services, as well as more modern Ethernet-based services between two or more customer premises.
Batelco's competitors also rely on its wholesale connectivity services in order to provide them with domestic backhaul, which in turn supports a wide range of downstream services, such as fixed and mobile broadband, data and calling services.
TRA last reviewed these markets in 2006 and 2008, when it found Batelco had market power at both the retail and wholesale levels.
Although there have been some competitive developments since the last market reviews, including the use of microwave-based links by competitors, Batelco continues to have a very high market share, and in the absence of regulated wholesale access to Batelco's network, there are high barriers to new entry and expansion in these markets.
Whistleblower Edward Snowden, who revealed the mass surveillance programmes organised by the US and other governments, gives this year's The Alternative Christmas Message.
Click headline to watch the Channel 4 video clip--
Whether it is a case of sabotage or simply poor management practices by the state-owned PETROTRIN, as the union claims, a mysterious oil spill in south Trinidad is wreaking havoc on homes and wildlife in the area.
PETROTRIN claims it has no idea as to the source of the spills, and Energy Minister Kevin Ramnarine, who toured La Brea and other affected areas on Sunday, said “the mystery remains where this oil is coming from.”
The Environmental Management Authority also said it had been unable to ascertain the source and that its immediate concern was the protection of life and the environment.
Gary Aboud, president of Fishermen and Friends of the Sea, told IPS that the only solution was to shut down all oil production in the area.
“As we speak, more and more oil is being pumped into the sea. Why doesn’t the minister order the shutdown of all oil being transported in the Gulf of Paria? Shut it down, if you don’t know where it is coming from,” he said. “We find it totally unbelievable.”
According to the head of the La Brea Fisherfolk Association, Alvin La Borde, “[Local] fishermen cannot go out to work. They need to buy things for their families for Christmas. They would not be able to leave until this oil is cleared.
“The fishermen have also lost nets and ropes used to secure their boats,” he told IPS.
In a statement, the EMA said it “will continue to closely monitor clean-up efforts and ensure that environmental best practices are carried out.
When Vietnamese officials issued new Internet rules this year, the U.S. tech industry gave a shudder.
The regulations clamp down on political speech, require companies such as Facebook and Google to invest in local computer infrastructure to store information on Vietnamese users, and could force chipmakers to strip standard encryption features from their processors.
As the United States and 11 other nations near a new trade agreement in the Pacific region, it is those sorts of restrictive local standards that have become the chief battleground in a debate that could shape the future of industries considered vital to U.S. economic growth.
Like earlier trade agreements, the TransPacific Partnership involves its share of old-school disputes: whether U.S. sugar subsidies are unfair to sugar farmers in other countries, for example, or whether Japan will fully open itself to buying foreign-made cars.
But the more significant fights — and the reason why the Obama administration has placed such a priority on the agreement — are over issues such as the regulation of the Internet and e-commerce, the rules for the patent and sale of biopharmaceuticals, and the oversight of logistics, consulting, energy management and other service industries where the U.S. holds an edge.
Vietnam may be a small country. But in the fight over the future of the global economy, its efforts to regulate the Internet are symbolic of a fundamental fork in the road, with one path leading to a more restrictive and expensive environment for business and the other toward a freer global flow of commerce.
U.S. government and industry officials hope that if an agreement can be struck with the 12 nations involved — including Vietnam, Japan, major U.S. trading partners such as Canada and Mexico, and small but economically influential states such as Singapore — it will prove broadly influential and set the terms of commerce throughout the rapidly growing Asia-Pacific region.
For many emerging technology and other industries, the global rules for trading and investment have yet to be set, and “the goal here is to have more U.S.-based policies” rather than ones more typically found in countries such as China that try to force companies to invest locally or turn over technology to local partners, said Michelle Wein, a researcher for the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation. “It is about bringing the rest of the world up to the level of the U.S.”
Opponents say there is a flip side to that debate: that fewer local restrictions means less local control. Through some 20 rounds of negotiation, the TPP talks have been criticized as broadly undemocratic, setting what could become important domestic regulations through diplomatic negotiation rather than through an open legislative process. That may serve the United States well when it comes to generating research jobs in pharmaceutical companies or expanding the reach of Silicon Valley, but it could leave other countries with higher drug prices and less local technology investment, opponents contend.
The Russian national oil company Gazprom has begun drilling for oil at a highly contested site in the Arctic. The oil field, an offshore site in the Russian Arctic known as Prirazlomnoye, drew international attention in September when a contingent of Greenpeace members boarded the platform in protest and were jailed in Russia for two months before being granted amnesty last week.
The project, which is several years behind schedule, is the first in Russian history aimed at “developing the resources of the Arctic shelf,” Gazprom said. Environmental groups say that no company has the technology or resources to deal with a massive oil spill in the harsh conditions of the Arctic Ocean.
The oil giant Shell had planned exploratory drilling in the Arctic off the coast of Alaska, but temporarily shelved those plans last year after a series of mishaps. Gazprom says it has taken all necessary precautions to deal with a spill, Mongabay reports.
If 2012 was the year of Solyndra, then 2013 was the year of Tesla, whose initial success has encapsulated the potential of clean energy. The electric automaker received a loan from the same overarching program as Solyndra, the bankrupt solar company that became the target of political attacks, but it turned a profit and became the poster child for clean energy subsidies. This confounded conservative media, who alternated between praising Tesla while denying or ignoring its federal loan, and putting it down just days later.
In addition to the more traditional targets -- electric cars like Tesla's, solar (allegedly "tanking the economy") and wind energy (supposedly causing "devastating" health effects) -- this year conservative media reached so far right as to go after energy efficiency and bike-share programs. We collected some of the worst attacks from conservative media against clean energy technology during 2013.
Bitcoin, the alternative cryptocurrency, is the trendiest answer to 'What's in your wallet?' since, well, a certain credit card.
The value of Bitcoins has skyrocketed over the last year, as the digital currency is used to pay colleges tuitions, assassins' contracts and the paycheck for a police chief in Kentucky.
Now there's another online currency, Litecoin, which was created by a former Google employee and MIT student Charles Lee to correct some of Bitcoin's flaws.
RT's Meghan Lopez asks Yanis Varoufakis, political economist and author of 'The Global Minotaur,' if cryptocurrencies are just a flash in the pan, or if they're the financial future of the world.
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Edward Snowden, the whistleblower who prompted a worldwide debate when he leaked a cache of top secret documents about US and UK spying, has recorded a Christmas Day television message in which he calls for an end to the mass surveillance revealed by his disclosures.
The short film was recorded for Channel 4, which has 20-year history of providing unusual but relevant figures as an alternative to the Queen's Christmas message shown by other UK broadcasters. It will be Snowden's first television appearance since arriving in Moscow.
The address, to be broadcast at 4.15pm on Christmas Day, was filmed in Russia – where Snowden is living after being granted temporary asylum – by Laura Poitras, a film-maker who has closely collaborated with him on the NSA stories.
In excerpts from the address released by Channel 4, Snowden says George Orwell "warned us of the danger of this kind of information" in his dystopian novel, 1984.
Snowden says: "The types of collection in the book – microphones and video cameras, TVs that watch us – are nothing compared to what we have available today. We have sensors in our pockets that track us everywhere we go. Think about what this means for the privacy of the average person.
"A child born today will grow up with no conception of privacy at all. They'll never know what it means to have a private moment to themselves an unrecorded, unanalysed thought. And that's a problem because privacy matters; privacy is what allows us to determine who we are and who we want to be."
In the other extract of the address released, Snowden notes the political changes that have taken place since his leaked the cache documents to newspapers including the Guardian.
Dramatic weather-related disasters are ready made for TV news. But what's not on the screen? The human-made climate change that is affecting, and in some cases exacerbating, that extreme weather.
A new FAIR survey of the national network newscasts (CBS Evening News, NBC Nightly News, ABC World News) finds that extreme weather is big news. In the first nine months of 2013, there were 450 segments of 200 words or more that covered extreme weather: flooding, forest fires, tornadoes, blizzards, hurricanes and heat waves.
But of that total, just a tiny fraction--16 segments, or 4 percent of the total--so much as mentioned the words "climate change," "global warming" or "greenhouse gases."
So in what was an unusually active weather year in the United States--a massive tornado in Oklahoma, deadly flooding in Colorado, massive wildfires across several Western states and bouts of unseasonable temperatures across the country--96 percent of extreme weather stories never discussed the human impact on the climate that is contributing to these outcomes.
It's almost as if the altered climate and the weather were happening on two different planets.
The FAIR survey appears in the December 2013 issue of FAIR's magazine Extra!.
NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory (OCO)-2 spacecraft is moved into a thermal vacuum chamber at Orbital Sciences Corporation's Satellite Manufacturing Facility in Gilbert, Ariz., for a series of environmental tests.
The tests confirmed the integrity of the observatory's electrical connections and subjected the OCO-2 instrument and spacecraft to the extreme hot, cold and airless environment they will encounter once in orbit. The observatory's solar array panels were removed prior to the test.
OCO-2 is NASA's first mission dedicated to studying atmospheric carbon dioxide and is the latest mission in NASA's study of the global carbon cycle. Carbon dioxide is the most significant human-produced greenhouse gas and the principal human-produced driver of climate change.
The global wind turbine leader Siemens has just inked a deal to provide its offshore turbines to the massive new Cape Wind wind power project, and that one contract could shake the offshore wind power market to its core. You know what they say about waking the sleeping tiger, right?
For the past several years, other nations (notably the UK, China, Belgium, and Denmark) have been going at the offshore wind industry hammer and tongs while the US industry has been practically comatose, with just a couple of demonstration-scale projects to its credit. Cape Wind is going to change all that.
Click headline to read more--
Chuck Sherwood, Former Senior Associate, TeleDimensions, Inc's insight:
Needless to say, the Cape Wind project would not have taken so long to start building if the Alliance to Protect Nantucket Sound, which is funded by Willian Koch of the infamous KochBros family, hadn't thrown so many roadblock in their way. Yet again the KochBros family has negatively impacted the an economy, that of Southeastern MA, for their own Greedy Corporate Interest!
The Crash of 2008 has infused our societies with enormous scepticism on the role of the authorities, both government and Central Banks.
It is quite natural that many dream of a currency that politicians, bankers and central bankers cannot manipulate; a currency of the people by the people for the people.
Bitcoin has emerged as the great white hope of something of the sort. Alas, the hope it brings to many people’s hearts and minds is false.
And the reason is simple: While it is true that local communities have, in the past, generated successful communitarian currencies (that enabled them to improve welfare in their midst, especially at a time of acute economic crises), there can be no de-politicised currency capable of ‘powering’ an advanced, industrial society.
Lately, climate scientists have stepped into the gap where economists have generally feared to tread and have suggested that intentional “de-growth” is the only hope to stop the rising emissions associated with economic development and growth. No news to anyone who follows developments in climate science, the earth’s climate is facing tipping points beyond which a recognizable human civilization will be almost impossible to maintain due to the expansion of inhospitable or entirely uninhabitable climate zones, destruction of existing human settlements by water and weather, and the destruction of co-evolved species (including food) upon which we depend. The target of a maximum of 2 degrees Celsius rise in global temperature has been chosen as a difficult-to-achieve but also permissive target, which some think should be 1.5 degrees or less. One way or the other global warming gas emissions, still on an upward trajectory, need to be reduced and the current upward trend reversed almost immediately. Climate scientists understandably have been impatient with the response of the social sciences and policymakers to the threats they see present and emerging.
Prior to the recent interest in de-growth, the hope has been that through either a regime of carbon pricing or a massive government program of green investment or both that the developed economies would decarbonize, yielding economic growth with progressively less emissions until such time as economies would grow without adding in net to the earth’s carbon cycle. No one has suggested that this decarbonization could happen overnight or without initial costs in emissions. My “Pedal to the Metal” Plan involves incurring increased embedded emissions upon start-up via a program of building green infrastructure and focused incentive programs to achieve social and environmental goals, including full employment and long-term decarbonization of the developed economies. The “market-based” approach of either cap and trade or carbon tax advocates take a more leisurely approach to decarbonization, with a highly unlikely achievement of that goal if at all. Either way, it is assumed that growth of some sort is the mechanism by which change occurs in capitalist monetary economies, though in the P2M Plan, I posit that the growth is a transitional state to a achieving a steady-state economy.
While a number of climate scientists have called for direct political action and civil disobedience over the last several years, mainstream climate scientists Kevin Anderson and Alice Bows of the leading Tyndall Centre in the UK have gone further and called for governments to institute radical and immediate de-growth strategies in wealthy countries to sustain year over year reductions of 10% in carbon emissions. A recent conference at the Tyndall Center collects a number of proposals along these lines.
Click headline to read more of Part Two and access hot links to Part One and Three--
Three weeks after floodwater devastated parts of Hull's business community, communications provider KC is still working to get them back up and running.
The region's worst tidal surge in 60 years affected about 100 businesses, leaving phone and broadband services down in the run up to Christmas.
More than 400 phone and broadband faults have been reported to KC by homes and businesses since the flooding on December 5, with new faults being reported each day as customers move back into properties that were flooded.
Kevin Walsh, KC's chief executive, said: "I'm proud of the lengths our people, and especially our engineering team, went to to keep the impact of the storm on our network and our customers to a minimum.
"While the incident has now passed, they're continuing to work long hours to re-establish services for business customers that were affected."
According to KC, most of the phone and broadband faults reported were due to more than 40 overhead telephone cables being brought down by trees due to high winds.
While these were all repaired within the first few days after the storm, KC engineers have also been working weekends and evenings to reconnect businesses that have had to move premises due to flooding.
In his latest book, Average Is Over, economist Tyler Cowen argues that we need to reshape the way we think about jobs, and in turn, our careers, in the wake of this rapid technological change.
As most industrialized nations outsource and automate jobs, labor becomes more abundant and employment harder to come by. In a world of Amazon drones, who needs postal workers? When the Google self-driving car hits the mass market, will we no longer need taxi drivers?
Yet the challenge for creators is more subtle: rather than being replaced by robots, we have to worry about competition on a global scale. (As online education becomes ubiquitous how can the art school graduate in Brooklyn ask for the same fee as the Photoshop master in India?)
So how can we best prepare ourselves for this new career dynamic, where we must stave off outsourcing at every turn? We asked Cowen to break down the bulletproof “soft skills” needed for next era of careers:
A land teeming with forests and lakes and technology start-ups.
"If you don't have your own app, you are not popular in Estonia," says Jane Muts, the manager of Garage48, an all-purpose hub that provides facilities and networking opportunities for entrepreneurs in the capital, Tallinn.
Estonia is about the same size as the Dominican Republic, and it has a mere 1.3 million people, yet a combination of factors including a dynamic approach to e-governance, an aggressive push for technology to be taught in the classroom from a young age and a serendipitous infrastructure legacy following independence from the former Soviet Union in 1991 have helped push this 50%-forested nation on the north eastern fringe of Europe into the start-up big leagues.
According to a recent check of AngelList, a website that aims to connect investors with entrepreneurs, there are 123 active start-ups in Estonia. This compares to about 835 in Germany and 2,642 in the United Kingdom, both nations with far higher populations. While that may not sound like a huge number, in fact on at least one measure — start-ups per capita — Estonia has about the same number of companies in the works as the United States, seen as the gold-standard country for entrepreneurs to grow businesses and achieve success.
The nation's technology sector is a little engine that's huffed and puffed and realized it can.
If there is a developing centrepiece of the U.K.-India economic engagement, which the coalition government of David Cameron has been active in promoting, it is perhaps the agreement on the joint development of the Bengaluru-Mumbai Economic Corridor.
The decision to cooperate in developing the projected 1,000-km corridor that will link the two cities — with provision for creating manufacturing hubs along the route, developing the towns and their hinterland, and creating both investment and job opportunities along and around its route — was part of the joint memorandum that was signed between the two countries when Mr. Cameron visited India in February this year.
The tender for the feasibility report for the project was issued this month, with a December 26 deadline for submissions. Officials from the Indian High Commission involved in the negotiations believe that progress has been remarkably fast for a project of this size and scope — a sign of the importance that the Indian government attaches to the project, as well as of British investment interest in the project.
An “exciting flagship for wider collaboration on infrastructure” is how Barry Lowen, Director, U.K. Trade Investment (India), which leads on the U.K. side, described the project to The Hindu. “The U.K. has expertise on innovative ways to raise funding and promote green technologies in promoting infrastructure,” he said.
The 95-page tender for submitting the project’s feasibility study lays out the scope of the project. The funding for the study is to be underwritten by India, and is itself expected to run into millions of Great British Pounds.
The vision for the BMEC, as set out in the terms of reference of the feasibility study is of a “global exemplar both for commercially viable sustainable development and for attracting investments into manufacturing and clean infrastructure (potable water, clean energy etc).”
Urmann+Colleagues (U+C) is having a hell of a month. It looked to be briefly on the path to the sort of financial success copyright trolls like Prenda and Mailbu Media can only dream about. U+C sent out at least 10,000 settlement letters earlier this month asking for €250 ($344) from viewers who had streamed certain pornographic titles on RedTube.
The problems inherent in U+C's "business model" swiftly became apparent. First off, it appeared the agency had misled a German court by presenting RedTube as a file-sharing site, rather than a streaming site. In addition, U+C had somehow acquired subscriber info and IP addresses, data not easily obtained from the streaming sites. (RedTube has denied multiple times that it provided this info to U+C). German lawyers stepped up and informed the public that the demand letters were problematic to say the least and that there was little chance the demands were enforceable under German law (thanks to streaming of infringing content not being illegal).
Now it's not just lawyers standing in the way of U+C's easy money. The court has stepped in, admitting its mistake in approving U+C's requests and revoking court orders compelling Deutsche Telekom to hand over subscriber info on nearly 50,000 IP addresses.
Hoping no one would notice, Obama picked noon on Christmas Eve to release the Inspector General (IG) report that justified the EPA’s Imminent and Substantial Endangerment Order in the Range Resources’ Parker County water contamination case.
The IG’s in-depth investigation findings:
EPA was right to issue the order.
Withdrawal reasons are unclear and questionable.
Recommends monitoring of Range Resources’ testing because the quality is questionable.
I just want to gloat for a moment and say: I told you so!
Huawei Technologies and Polish operator Exatel have tested a next-generation optical network based on WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) technology and capable of 400Gbps throughput.
More data traffic and the need for greater transmission speed in both fixed and wireless networks have consequences for all parts of operator networks. While faster versions of technologies such as LTE are being rolled out at the edge of networks, vendors are working on improving WDM (Wavelength-Division Multiplexing) to help them keep up at the core.
WDM sends large amounts of data using a number different wavelengths or channels over a single optical fiber.
However, the test conducted by Huawei and Exatel only used one channel to send the data, which has its advantages, according to Huawei. It means the system only needs one optical transceiver, which is used to both send and receive data. That, in turn, results in lower power consumption and a smaller chance that something may go wrong, it said.
Huawei didn't say when it expects to include the technology in commercial products.
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