Most researchers think that research is HARD.

You are expected to:

- Spend weeks drowning in endless academic papers
- Struggle with the implementation of complex methodologies
- Feel overwhelmed by mountains of (often inaccurate) information

But it's (mechanically) really simple:

- Use targeted search strategies and strings for your literature review
- Start with simple methods before increasing complexity to get confidence
- Understand fundamentals to be able to critically assess other sources

Research process itself isn't hard, but we've been conditioned to think it is.

Let me be brutally honest - I used to be TERRIBLE at research.

I felt lost when my models didn't converge or my results didn't make any sense. Frustrated that I was told 'to figure it out myself'. But when I started looking into 'how' things work and 'why' they work this way (aka. fundamentals), it finally clicked.

Most people overcomplicate research. They believe it requires superhuman intelligence or an endless amount of time. WRONG. It's about smart strategies, not hard work.

My secret? I treat research like a strategic game. Targeted and laser-focused. No more drowning in irrelevant information.

Who else has struggled with research? Drop a comment and share your challenges!

#Research #Science #Scientist #Professor #PhD #Postdoc #Postgraduate #ChemicalEngineering | 113 comments on LinkedIn

We're interested in learning how people’s views on vaccines evolve over time. Have your thoughts or feelings about vaccines changed over the years? What experiences, information, or conversations have shaped your perspective? Perhaps you once had concerns that you’ve since resolved—or maybe new insights have helped clarify your opinion. We’d love to hear your story and what influenced your journey. Share with us here: https://lnkd.in/e2AYJBCC

Your information will be kept private. Thank you!

Online vaccine misinformation must be penalized. In the case of LinkedIn, we should all be reminded of their Community Policies where it states: « Do not share content that directly contradicts guidance from leading global health organizations and public health authorities; including false information about the safety or efficacy of vaccines or medical treatments. »
Despite such very clear and strict guidelines, we are still seeing the likes of Physicians for Informed Consent, Aaron Siri , Children's Health Defense , and McCullough Foundation as well as Nicolas Hulscher, MPH polluting what should be a professional network free of posting that contradicts guidance from leading global health organizations and public health authorities; including false information about the safety or efficacy of vaccines or medical treatments.
These misinformation posts are being called out by a numbers of dedicated individuals making sure that every misinformation posts are being corrected with truth.

https://lnkd.in/eCuTJJqz

Une analyse rigoureuse de l’interview de Pierre Chaillot sur Tocsin+, où désinformation statistique et connivence idéologique minent toute prétention à la rigueur scientifique.

An outbreak of the unvaccinated : deadly measles outbreak that has infected over 1,000 people across 30 states and killed two unvaccinated children. Case numbers this year have already surpassed 2024’s total and mark the second-highest number of confirmed cases in a year since the disease was declared eradicated in the U.S. in 2000. Some 96% of reported infections have involved a person who was unvaccinated or whose status was unknown and 13% have resulted in hospitalization.

After having cut so much in real medicine, now RFK Jr wants to divert money towards alternative medicine. Why ?

He said he would greatly expand people’s access to experimental and alternative medical treatments, even while acknowledging that a “lot of charlatans” are likely to take advantage of suffering people as a result.
RFK Jr. made the announcement during a recent interview on the Ultimate Human Podcast hosted by Gary Brecka, a self-proclaimed biologist, biohacker, and longevity expert (Brecka appears to possess two bachelors’ degrees in biology, but is not a licensed medical doctor). Kennedy stated that, under his reign as Secretary of Health and Human Services, Americans will more easily be able to get their hands on treatments not currently approved by health regulators.

Le terme « fake news » apparaît pour la première fois en 1999, dans l’émission satirique américaine The Daily Show. À l’origine, il s’agissait d’un jeu TV sur l’actualité. La frontière entre l’information et la fiction était volontairement brouillée pour faire rire.

Mais dès le développement des réseaux sociaux, le terme est devenu un synonyme de contenus mensongers, créés délibérément pour tromper, manipuler ou influencer le public.

La Fake news est devenue la Fake Science, comme les platistes et les climatodénialistes.

La Fake science est constituée de réseaux organisés qui produisent des publications scientifiques frauduleuses, créent de faux centres de recherche et diffusent des résultats fallacieux sur des plateformes crédibles (comme certains médias français).

Des outils comme le Problematic Paper Screener, développé par Guillaume Cabanac et ses collègues, traquent aujourd’hui ces publications en repérant des « phrases torturées » symptomatiques de fraudes ou de manipulations.

Pour une présentation de l'outil https://lnkd.in/dVXBM2Fk
Pour accéder à la plateforme : https://lnkd.in/dE7G-76B::::::


Il devient urgent de ne plus employer le terme de « fake news » mais de parler de « manipulation de l’information. »

Ce terme englobe les fausses nouvelles, la désinformation, la propagande, la fake science.

Nous devons accepter le phénomène d’ingérence informationnelle visant à influencer, diviser ou déstabiliser une société. Ceci n'est pas une vision complotiste...

Nous devons exiger un « service minimum » de lutte contre la manipulation de l’information.

Cela implique :
- La création de dispositifs publics et privés de veille et de sanctions,
- Le développement d'une nouvelle épistémologie du concept de l’esprit critique,
- De nouveaux outils juridiques, notamment à destination des médias pour sanctionner la diffusion de la manipulation de l'information.

L’information n'est plus une liberté publique, lorsqu'elle est utilisée pour manipuler.

So long as the Bio-Pharmaceutical Complex remains in power and its biolabs operational without oversight, their illicit programs will persist: engineered pathogens, perpetual emergency declarations, and genetic countermeasures masked as medicine.

When Did Science Become Fake News?

When did we start questioning facts? When did we decide that science, the very thing that helped us conquer diseases, explore space, and build the technology we use every day, was no longer trustworthy?

Science helped eradicate diseases like Smallpox, Measles, Mumps, and Rubella, just to name a few. Yet, according to the CDC, as of May 22, 2025, there have been 1,046 cases of Measles in the U.S., with 3 deaths.

How is this even possible?

When did we turn science into the enemy of the people?

One of my favorite classes in high school was science. Watching chemicals react, learning about the body and how it works, and understanding the universe and all its wonders helped open my mind to possibilities.

When did we stop being curious? When did that wonder get replaced with fear and doubt?

You're reading this on a phone, tablet, or computer, technology made possible by science. Yet now, people question everything.

We get spellbound by conspiracy theories, like the idea that the Earth is flat, pushed by the same group that claims to have support for this “truth” around the globe.

Make that make sense.

This isn’t about politics.

This isn’t about being for or against vaccines.

This is about how we’ve lost faith in the very thing that brought us progress, health, and discovery.

So I’m asking honestly:

How did we get here? And how do we change the narrative? | 88 comments on LinkedIn

The anti-vaccine vision of what that person might not understand… Conspiracy of chemtrails, 5G waves, fluoride, masks and mRNA vaccines. And how they see the world… What more to say… For them everything is a conspiracy…

Intriguing but this phenomenon is link to any viral infection. As well, there are limitations of this study that tempers the conclusion, namely ¨before the GBS diagnosis, thus the first COVID-19 vaccine dose or SARS-CoV-2 infection recorded in our study may not have been the actual first vaccine dose received, or infection experienced. Consequently, we were unable to estimate the attributable risk of each vaccine dose or infection episode number. Nevertheless, we estimated the number of attributable cases using the attributable fraction calculated from the RI. Second, we identified relatively low numbers of confirmed (i.e., LOC 1–2) GBS cases, likely due to unavailability of electrophysiologic testing and/or cerebrospinal fluid results in medical records, and it is uncertain whether these tests were not performed, or the information was unavailable. Furthermore, 42 % of reviewed cases were deemed not to be GBS (i.e., LOC 5), which was higher than anticipated since previous studies conducted in Italy, USA, and Denmark assessing the validity of diagnostic codes for GBS hospitalisations reported positive predictive values of 61.8–83.8 % [[31], [32], [33]]. Third, we were unable to adjust for the history of SARS-CoV-2 infection in our primary objective analyses due to incomplete or unavailable SARS-CoV-2 testing data. Fourth, there were insufficient numbers of GBS cases who had received inactivated and protein-based vaccines to provide precise RI estimates for those vaccines. Fifth, the meta-analysis results using site-estimated RIs may be biased because they did not account for site-specific contextual information that would ideally be incorporated in a meta-regression. ¨

The sharp turnaround on mRNA vaccines shows an unprecedented rise of anti-vaccine activists to power and an attack on accepted science.

In survey after survey, people say they trust their health professionals. This trust is neither absolute nor unconditional, and it cannot be taken for granted.

Doctors, nurses and pharmacists are trusted sources of information on immunisation. How can they be equipped to address patients’ questions and concerns about vaccines?

👉 Find out more: https://lnkd.in/eHWsvZwV

💉 Vaccines and Immunological Memory: How Your Body Learns to Fight
Our body constantly faces invisible invaders—like viruses, bacteria, and other harmful microbes. Thankfully, it has a powerful defense: the immune system, an elite army trained to detect, respond to, and eliminate threats. And with the help of vaccines, we can prepare this army before the real attack happens.
🧪 What Is a Vaccine?
A vaccine introduces a harmless version of a virus or bacterium—such as a protein fragment or a weakened/inactivated form. It doesn’t cause disease, but it’s enough to activate your immune system and “train” it.
🧠 What Is Immunological Memory?
The first time your immune system encounters a pathogen, it takes time to identify it and respond with a defense. This delay is why we feel sick. However, vaccines allow us to train the immune system in advance, so next time, it responds immediately. This training forms immunological memory.
🧬 How Is Immunological Memory Formed?
When a vaccine is introduced:
1. Dendritic cells (Antigen Presenting Cells, or APCs) recognize the vaccine antigen and present it to T cells.
2. Helper T cells (CD4+) are activated by APCs.
3. These Helper T cells then stimulate B cell maturation and differentiation, leading to:
- The formation of plasma cells that produce antibodies
- The generation of long-lasting memory B cells
4. Cytotoxic T cells (CD8+) are also activated by APCs. They are trained to identify and destroy infected cells—and some differentiate into memory T cells for faster future responses.
These memory cells can last for months, years, or even a lifetime.
⚔️ The Second Encounter: Faster and Stronger
When the same pathogen invades again, memory cells recognize it instantly. Your immune system skips the “learning” phase and launches a rapid, targeted attack—often before you feel any symptoms.
#Immunology #Vaccines #Helper_T_Cells #Memory_T_Cells #Memory_B_Cells #Cytotoxic_T_Cells #Immunological_Memory

May we talk?
Many vaccine opponents believe there are fetal cells in vaccines.
This would be very concerning to many IF it were true.

Please spread good information that has come from decades of vaccine science.

#VaccinesSaveLives

Is vaccine misinformation a form of criminal fraud?

Another epidemic under RFK Jr, one that should never be or have been: pertussis or whooping cough. There have been 11,720 cases of whooping cough in 2025, as of the week ending on May 24. This comes after whooping cough rates soared to surpass pre-pandemic levels last year.

Vaccines protect kids from serious diseases like measles and pertussis. They do not cause autism — decades of rigorous research confirm this.

Scientists continue to study autism, and current evidence points to multiple factors including genetics (here is a helpful summary: https://lnkd.in/gVxnZHuB).

As parents, we all want what’s best for our children’s health and safety. That’s why vaccines go through years of testing to monitor safety and efficacy.

Have questions? A trusted source is your child’s doctor — they can help you make informed decisions about immunization.

[#EVENEMENT] 𝙈𝙚́𝙙𝙞𝙖𝙢𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙘𝙖 𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟰-𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟱 – 𝙍𝙖𝙡𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙞𝙧 𝙡’𝙞𝙣𝙛𝙤

ᴅᴇʀɴɪᴇ̀ʀᴇ ꜱᴇ́ᴀɴᴄᴇ ᴅᴜ ᴄʏᴄʟᴇ
🗓️ 16 juin 2025
🕑 14 h 00 - 17 h 00
📍Université Rennes 2 ou 🛜 Sur Teams
🗣️ Érik Neveu, Éliane de Larminat, Christophe Deleu, Josh Shepperd, Louise Anglès d'Auriac, Alice Morin, A. Brad Schwartz, Anaïs Theviot

Organisation : Carole Darmon (Université d'Angers), Jonathan Dentler (Institut Catholique de Paris), Anaïs Le Fèvre-Berthelot (Université Rennes 2), Sébastien Mort (Université de Lorraine)

ℹ️👇
https://lnkd.in/ewnanECD

Is what is happening in Washington the best demonstration of the Dunning-Kruger effect ?
Stupidity is a consequence of a failure to be aware of one’s own limitations, and this type of cognitive failure has a scientific name: the Dunning-Kruger effect.

The Dunning-Kruger effect is a well-known psychological phenomenon that describes the tendency for individuals to overestimate their level of intelligence, knowledge, or competence in a particular area. They may also simultaneously misjudge the intelligence, expertise, or competence of others. In other words, they are ignorant of their own ignorance. The effect has been widely written about, and investigated empirically, with hundreds of studies published in peer-reviewed journals confirming and analyzing the phenomenon, particularly in relation to the dangers it poses in certain contexts.

The RFK Jr lie versus the truth regarding vaccine and placebo studies.
The lie : “The only vaccine that has been tested in a full-blown placebo trial against an inert placebo was the Covid vaccine,” Kennedy said May 14 in testimony before the US Senate’s Health, Labor, Education and Pensions Committee.
“The other 76 shots that children in this country received between birth and 18 years old, none of them have been safety tested in prelicensing studies against the placebo, which means we don’t understand the risk profile for those products, and that’s something I intend to remedy,” 
The truth : « There have been 258 placebo-controlled clinical trials of vaccines, according to Scott and a team of volunteers who scoured databases of medical literature. More than half of those studies tested vaccines against inert placebos.
Based on Scott’s research, at least nine of the 16 vaccines that are routinely recommended by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for children have been tested against inert placebos, while several more have been tested against active placebos. »

https://flip.it/.h_kCJ

The second-largest C-19 shot safety study EVER conducted (n=85 million people) found increased risks of:

💔 Heart Attack (+286% after 2nd dose)
🧠 Stroke (+240% after 1st dose)
🫀 Coronary Artery Disease (+244% after 2nd dose)
⚡ Arrhythmia (+199% after 1st dose)

https://lnkd.in/gbpV-vmU | 76 comments on LinkedIn

How intriguing that, again, Dr Philip McMillan tries to claim paternity of something that was known quite a while ago… And that he misses the point in claiming that such was only a Spike protein phenomenon which actually reinforces the importance of COVID vaccination. Other viral infections have been shown to increase this risk as demonstrated in this HIV cohort. The same was shown in CMV infections. Therefore claims of such being a Spike protein only phenomenon is clearly wrong …

https://lnkd.in/eRA9UsuE
https://lnkd.in/eKvzv94U
https://lnkd.in/e9ZZdZsm

It is important, perhaps critical, to note there were early warning indicators present in the decade leading up to COVID. The present situation is not simply the result of COVID missteps but centuries of history around vaccine hesitancy and shifts in trust noted in social media post-2009 in tandem with the tendency to hype all things “health security” related.

Comment lutter efficacement contre la désinformation ? Quel rôle les sciences cognitives peuvent-elles jouer dans l’élaboration de politiques publiques plus pertinentes ?

L’Institut Jean Nicod - laboratoire de sciences cognitives de l’ENS-PSL, de l’EHESS et du CNRS – vient de publier un Rapport sur la désinformation, que j’ai eu le plaisir de rédiger avec le concours des cognitivistes Gloria Origgi et Roberto Casati (philosophes), Hugo Mercier (psychologue du raisonnement), Alda Mari (linguiste) et Lydia Yahia Cherif (neuroscientifique computationnelle).

Pour le résumer (trop) brièvement, ce Policy Brief constate que la désinformation est aujourd’hui perçue comme un risque sociétal majeur, mais que les politiques publiques peinent à y répondre efficacement en raison de trois impensés structurants :
- une approche essentiellement réactive, centrée sur la gestion de crise (fact-checking, débunking, communication) ;
- un modèle erroné de la psychologie humaine, qui réduit souvent le problème à un déficit de rationalité individuelle ;
- l’absence d’un cadre d’analyse intégratif, capable d’articuler les dynamiques technologiques, sociales et cognitives.

Or, la désinformation prospère sur des vulnérabilités multiples - cognitives, affectives, sociales, économiques et institutionnelles - ainsi que sur un écosystème informationnel profondément dégradé.

Ce rapport propose un cadre analytique renouvelé, fondé sur les apports des sciences cognitives, et recommande une stratégie intégrée articulée autour de trois volets :
1. renforcer de manière ciblée la résilience cognitive individuelle ;
2. transformer structurellement les environnements numériques et médiatiques ;
3. traiter les causes sociales profondes qui alimentent la réceptivité aux récits trompeurs.

📄 Vous pouvez télécharger le rapport directement dans le post ou en suivant ce lien : [https://lnkd.in/d4F_7tWk]

💬 Si vous avez des questions ou souhaitez en discuter, n’hésitez pas à me contacter. Je serai ravi d’échanger.

Institut Jean Nicod, École normale supérieure, Département d'Études Cognitives, ENS-PSL, EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales, CNRS.

Commandement du combat futur (CCF), Centre Interarmées des Actions sur l'Environnement (CIAE), Centre de l'enseignement militaire supérieur Terre, EMSST - Enseignement Militaire Supérieur Scientifique et Technique, Institut des hautes études de défense nationale (IHEDN), VIGINUM, Le Collimateur, Focus Influence, Intelligence Online, Chloé Debiève, Samira El Gadir, Lê Nguyên Hoang. Groupe d'études géopolitiques. | 10 comments on LinkedIn