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April 18, 2018 7:06 AM
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Influenza Season Approaching 

Influenza Season Approaching  | Virology News | Scoop.it
The influenza season in South Africa occurs in the winter months and is expected to start in the coming weeks. On average the season begins in the first week of June. However, in past years; the season has started as early as the last week of April and as late as the first week of July. A severe influenza season was experienced in the United States of America and Europe in the winter of 2017-2018. A severe season elsewhere in the world does not mean that South Africa will necessarily experience a severe season in 2018. The severity of a season is due to a combination of factors including the circulating influenza strains, previous immunity in the population and spectrum of underlying illnesses and age distribution of the population. The NICD monitors the progression and severity of the influenza season through its surveillance sites throughout the country to provide real time information on season progression. Annual influenza epidemics result in an estimated three to five million cases of severe illness, and about 290 000-650 000 deaths globally. In South Africa, influenza (commonly known as flu) kills between 6000-11,000 people every year. About half of these deaths are in the elderly, and about 30% in HIV-infected people. The highest rates of hospitalization are in the elderly (65 years and older), HIV-infected people and children less than 5 years old. Pregnant women are also at increased risk of hospitalization and death from flu infections. People with chronic illnesses like diabetes, lung disease, tuberculosis and heart disease are also at increased risk of being hospitalized from the flu. During the flu season in South Africa about 8-10% of patients hospitalized for pneumonia and 25% of patients with flu-like illness (fever and cough) will test positive for influenza. Vaccination is the most effective strategy to prevent influenza. Getting the flu vaccine can reduce flu illnesses, visits to the clinics or to doctors rooms, missed work and school due to flu, as well as prevent flu-related hospitalizations. Vaccinating people with higher risk of severe flu directly protects them from flu infections. Vaccinating pregnant women has been shown to provide protection to both mother and baby during the flu season. HIV-infected adults without severely weakened immune systems also respond well to the vaccine. Vaccination is also recommended for individuals aged >=65 years and individuals with chronic illnesses like diabetes, lung disease, tuberculosis and heart disease. Influenza vaccine for the 2018 season is currently available at public health facilities and at pharmacies. Since it takes about two weeks after vaccination for protective antibodies to develop, it is recommended that people get vaccinated as soon as possible to ensure that they are protected before influenza season starts. The best time to get the flu vaccine is before the season starts (March-June) but getting it later will protect individuals during the rest of the season. Because influenza viruses are constantly changing and immunity from vaccine lasts for about a year, it is necessary to get vaccinated each year before the influenza season. The influenza vaccine that is licensed for use in South Africa covers three of the common influenza strains (influenza A(H3N2), influenza B and influenza A(H1N1)pdm 09). Based on the information on the influenza strains that were circulating during the 2017 Southern Hemisphere influenza season, the 2018 vaccine for the Southern Hemisphere has been changed (changes in influenza B and influenza A(H3N2) component of the vaccine). This means that the vaccine for the 2018 in South Africa will be different from the one which was used in the Northern Hemisphere for 2017/2018 season and the Southern Hemisphere 2017 influenza season. It is also essential to practice good hygiene by properly and frequently washing hands and protecting coughs and sneezes (coughing or sneezing into a tissue or an elbow) to help prevent the spread of seasonal influenza. People who have flu-like symptoms should stay at home to avoid infecting others. Detailed recommendations on target groups, dosages and contraindications for the 2018 can be accessed at http://www.nicd.ac.za/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Influenza-guidelines-final_24_05_2017.pdf
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Virology News
Topical news snippets about viruses that affect people.  And other things. Like Led Zeppelin. And zombies B-)
Curated by Ed Rybicki
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January 19, 2023 6:04 AM
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Cann's Principles of Molecular Virology - 7th Edition

Cann's Principles of Molecular Virology - 7th Edition | Virology News | Scoop.it

Cann's Principles of Molecular Virology, - 7th Edition, revised by EP Rybicki. Print Book. ISBN 9780128227848. Now published!!


"Cann's Principles of Molecular Virology, Seventh Edition provides an easily accessible introduction to modern virology, presenting principles in a clear and concise manner. The new edition provides the history of virology and the fundamentals of the molecular basis of how viruses work.


Instructor review copies: click on this link.

https://protect-za.mimecast.com/s/qU2qCNxKq0i0ZNRQxcmeDdo

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Today, 7:08 AM
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Engineering of extracellular vesicles for efficient intracellular delivery of multimodal therapeutics including genome editors | Nature Communications

Engineering of extracellular vesicles for efficient intracellular delivery of multimodal therapeutics including genome editors | Nature Communications | Virology News | Scoop.it
Delivering functional proteins or protein complexes into cells continues to be a significant challenge. Here, the authors develop efficient systems by using engineered extracellular vesicles to deliver functional cargoes, including CRISPR/Cas9-ribonucleoproteins, both in vitro and in vivo.
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Today, 7:08 AM
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What If COVID-19 Had Been Behind Pope Francis' Illness?

What If COVID-19 Had Been Behind Pope Francis' Illness? | Virology News | Scoop.it
Pope Francis’ health crisis highlights the delicate balance between transparency and privacy, particularly if COVID-19 had been involved and the global reaction it could have provoked.
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Today, 7:06 AM
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Computational tool sheds light on DNA regulation in cancer and genome editing

Researchers from the University of Eastern Finland, Aalto University and the University of Oulu have developed a new computational method for exploring DNA sequence patterns. The method, called KMAP, enables intuitive visualization of short DNA sequences and helps reveal how regulatory elements behave in different biological contexts. The study was recently published in Genome Research.
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Today, 7:05 AM
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Maternal Pertussis Shots Boost Immune Response in Infants

Maternal Pertussis Shots Boost Immune Response in Infants | Virology News | Scoop.it
Tetanus-diphtheriaa-acellular pertussis–inactivated polio virus vaccination during pregnancy is safe and boosts pertussis-specific antibody responses in infants.
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Today, 7:04 AM
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8 ways RFK Jr. might shake up vaccine policy in HHS overhaul

8 ways RFK Jr. might shake up vaccine policy in HHS overhaul | Virology News | Scoop.it
Kennedy's early moves as HHS chief suggest he may intervene on vaccine policy, with Novavax, mRNA shots, and pediatric Covid immunizations.
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March 26, 4:48 AM
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Overlooked diversity: New research suggests plants, fungi and even viruses use venom

A new study reveals plants, fungi, bacteria, protists, and even some viruses deploy venom-like mechanisms, similar to that of venomous snakes, scorpions and spiders, according to researchers at Loma Linda University School of Medicine.
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March 26, 4:46 AM
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Gas hunt may reveal signs of alien life on distant planets

Gas hunt may reveal signs of alien life on distant planets | Virology News | Scoop.it
Researchers have identified a promising new way to detect alien life on faraway planets.
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March 26, 4:40 AM
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H5N1 Bird Flu Mutates to Better Hijack Human Cells, New UNC Charlotte Study Shows

H5N1 Bird Flu Mutates to Better Hijack Human Cells, New UNC Charlotte Study Shows | Virology News | Scoop.it
The latest CIPHER research on H5N1 viral lineages could have major implications for vaccine development.
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March 25, 9:07 AM
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Computational model compares mpox's airborne transmission risk to COVID-19 and smallpox

A collaborative research effort between the A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs (A*STAR IDL) and the A*STAR Institute of High Performance Computing (A*STAR IHPC) has provided new insights into the likelihood of mpox spreading by airborne respiratory particles, comparing it to SARS-CoV-2 and smallpox.
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March 25, 9:05 AM
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Molecular basis for human respiratory syncytial virus transcriptional regulator NS1 interactions with MED25 | Nature Communications

Molecular basis for human respiratory syncytial virus transcriptional regulator NS1 interactions with MED25 | Nature Communications | Virology News | Scoop.it
This study provides the structural and biochemical characterization of the RSV NS1/MED25 ACID complex, revealing how RSV exploits fuzzy interfaces between coactivators and transcription factors, including ATF3, to modulate host gene transcription.
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March 25, 9:05 AM
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Persistent mortality in critical COVID-19 ICU cases from wild-type to delta variant: A descriptive cohort study | Scientific Reports

Persistent mortality in critical COVID-19 ICU cases from wild-type to delta variant: A descriptive cohort study | Scientific Reports | Virology News | Scoop.it
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic led to significant advancements in treatment and vaccination, contributing to a decline in overall COVID-19-related mortality. However, it remains unclear whether the mortality rate for critical cases treated on intensive care units has also decreased.
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March 25, 9:04 AM
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Image: Hubble captures the Small Magellanic Cloud

Say hello to one of the Milky Way's neighbors! This NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image features a scene from one of the closest galaxies to the Milky Way, the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). The SMC is a dwarf galaxy located about 200,000 light-years away. Most of the galaxy resides in the constellation Tucana, but a small section crosses over into the neighboring constellation Hydrus.
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Today, 7:09 AM
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SARS-CoV-2, the human placenta, and adverse perinatal outcomes

The relationship among timing and severity of COVID-19 during pregnancy, placental pathology, and adverse pregnancy outcomes is not well understood. A prospective cohort study of 497 pregnant patients with COVID-19 whose placentas underwent systematic pathologic examination was conducted. The main exposure was timing of COVID-19 during pregnancy (first/second versus third trimester). The primary outcome was composite placental pathology that included high grade maternal vascular malperfusion or greater than 25 percent perivillous fibrin deposition.
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Today, 7:08 AM
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Global Virus Network urges action to prevent H5N1 pandemic

Global Virus Network urges action to prevent H5N1 pandemic | Virology News | Scoop.it
Today, the Global Virus Network (GVN), representing eminent human and animal virologists from 80+ Centers of Excellence and Affiliates in 40+ countries, published a comprehensive analysis and call-to-action in The Lancet Regional Health-Americas on the North American avian influenza virus, or...
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Today, 7:07 AM
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Notifiable organisms and how to report them

Notifiable organisms and how to report them | Virology News | Scoop.it
The organisms that cause infectious diseases that laboratories must report, and how to report them.
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Today, 7:05 AM
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Postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 in the population: Risk factors and vaccines | Research Square

The contribution of pre-existing conditions to severe versus mild postacute sequelae (PASC) of SARS-CoV-2 in the population is lacking. Here, we evaluated reproductive and other PASC side-by-side in unvaccinated and vaccinated individuals after 1st SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Today, 7:04 AM
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New antiviral compounds show broad protection against COVID-19 variants

New antiviral compounds show broad protection against COVID-19 variants | Virology News | Scoop.it
Novel Mpro inhibitors exhibit broad activity against SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses.
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March 26, 4:50 AM
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Fluorescent caves could explain how life persists in extraterrestrial environments

Deep below Earth's surface, rock and mineral formations lay hidden with a secret brilliance. Under a black light, the chemicals fossilized within shine in brilliant hues of pink, blue and green. Scientists are using these fluorescent features to understand how the caves formed and how life is supported in extreme environments, which may reveal how life could persist in faraway places, like Jupiter's icy moon Europa.
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March 26, 4:47 AM
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Japanese scientists pioneer nonviral gene delivery in primates

Genetic engineering in non-human primates has long been limited by the need for virus-based gene delivery methods. Recently, researchers in Japan successfully used a nonviral system to introduce a transgene—that is, a gene that has been artificially inserted into an organism—into cynomolgus monkeys, which is a species of primate closely related to humans. The paper is published in the journal Nature Communications.
Ed Rybicki's insight:
Interesting: we used PiggyBac to get transgenic insect cells for HIV Env expression; should have realised it could be used more widely!
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March 26, 4:45 AM
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DNA-loaded lipid nanoparticles are poised to bring gene therapy to common chronic diseases

A breakthrough in safely delivering therapeutic DNA to cells could transform treatment for millions suffering from common chronic diseases like heart disease, diabetes, and cancer.
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March 26, 4:39 AM
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Tadpoles try to flee dangerous virus in their pond by growing much faster than normal, research shows

The world's amphibians are in trouble. Because of their sensitivity to climate change, habitat loss, and pollution, they may be the canary in the coal mine for the nascent anthropogenic mass extinction. Approximately 200 amphibian species have become extinct since the 1970s, and the International Union for the Conservation of Nature estimates that 34% of the 7,296 known remaining species are likewise at risk.
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March 25, 9:07 AM
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What rules actually prohibit us from building a warp drive?

In 1994, Miguel Alcubierre was able to construct a valid solution to the equations of general relativity that enable a warp drive. But now we need to tackle the rest of relativity: How do we arrange matter and energy to make that particular configuration of spacetime possible?
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March 25, 9:05 AM
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Lengthy delays in H5N1 genome submissions to GISAID | Nature Biotechnology

Lengthy delays in H5N1 genome submissions to GISAID | Nature Biotechnology | Virology News | Scoop.it
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March 25, 9:04 AM
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‘Low-sugar’ vaccine can provide broad immunity against coronavirus variants | Newswise

‘Low-sugar’ vaccine can provide broad immunity against coronavirus variants | Newswise | Virology News | Scoop.it
A single vaccine could protect animal models from coronaviruses that cause COVID-19 and the flu. It works by creating antibodies that remove the virus’ protective sugar coat and target a rarely mutating region of the spike protein.
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March 12, 5:37 AM
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Five years of COVID-19 underscore value of coordinated efforts to manage disease

Five years ago, on March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of COVID-19 a global pandemic. The novel coronavirus, dubbed SARS-CoV-2, began as a "cluster of severe pneumonia cases of unknown cause" reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. It had spread to 118,000 cases reported in 114 countries by March 11.
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