GEA-Grupo de Estudios AEOPTOMETRISTAS

Pérez, J. F., Marcos, A. V., & Peña, F. J. M. (2014). Early diagnosis of keratoconus: what difference is it making?. British Journal of Ophthalmology, bjophthalmol-2014.Why early diagnosis?

In corneal refractive surgery, early diagnosis of keratoconus (subclinical asymptomatic keratoconus) is of great importance in patients seeking surgery because it can prevent progression of the pathology after surgery and make it symptomatic (corneal ectasia), thus creating the need for diagnostic tests that provide high sensitivity (ability to detect the disease in affected subjects) with the objective that no asymptomatic subclinical keratoconus ends up not being diagnosed and thus not undergo corneal refractive surgery. Recently, Uçakhan et al1investigated several Pentacam parameters in subclinical keratoconus, keratoconus and normal eyes. They found that the Scheimpflug system could differentiate between ectatic and normal eyes. In this study, the optimum cut-off point for posterior elevation was found to be 26.5 µm (97.7% sensitivity and 81.0% specificity). In a study by Mihaltz et al2, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated that posterior elevation was the most important criterion in the diagnosis of keratoconus. A threshold value of 15.5 µm had sensitivity of 95.1% and specificity of 94.3% for differentiating normal eyes from keratoconus. These authors found lower pachymetry readings in subclinical, early and moderate keratoconus; however, they did not find significant differences in these parameters between subclinical keratoconus and normal eyes.

Tomás-Juan, J., Larrañaga, A. M. G., & Hanneken, L. (2014). Corneal Regeneration After Photorefractive Keratectomy: A Review. Journal of Optometry.

Artículo:  http://apps.elsevier.es/watermark/ctl_servlet?_f=10&pident_articulo=0&pident_usuario=0&pcontactid=&pident_revista=310&ty=0&accion=L&origen=optometry&web=www.journalofoptometry.org&lan=en&fichero=S1888-4296(14)00086-7.pdf&eop=1&early=si

Vo, R. C., Stafeeva, K., Aldave, A. J., Stulting, R. D., Moore, Q., Pflugfelder, S. C., ... & Deng, S. X. (2014). Complications Related to a Cosmetic Eye-Whitening Procedure. American journal of ophthalmology.Purpose

To report sight-threatening complications following extensive bulbar conjunctival resection and postoperative mitomycin C therapy for cosmetic eye-whitening in the United States.

Design

Retrospective noncomparative case series.

Methods

Multicenter report of 9 patients referred for evaluation and management of complications following bilateral cosmetic eye whitening.

Results

Jayaswal, G., Mistura, G., & Merano, M. (2014). Observing angular deviations in light beam reflection via weak measurements. arXiv preprint arXiv:1405.5710.

An optical analog of the quantum weak measurement scheme proved to be very useful for the observation of optical beam shifts. Here we adapt the weak value amplification method to the observation of the angular Goos–Hänchen shift.

Savini, G., Versaci, F., Vestri, G., Ducoli, P., & Næser, K. (2014). Influence of posterior corneal astigmatism on total corneal astigmatism in eyes with moderate to high astigmatism. Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery.

Purpose :  To evaluate the influence of posterior corneal astigmatism on total corneal astigmatism in patients with 1.00 diopter (D) or more of corneal astigmatism.

Setting:  Private practice, Bologna, Italy.

Design:  Prospective case series.

Methods:  Corneal astigmatism was measured using a Scheimpflug camera combined with a corneal topographer (Sirius). Keratometric astigmatism, anterior corneal astigmatism, posterior corneal astigmatism, and total corneal astigmatism were evaluated. Vector analysis was performed according to the Næser method.

Aspinall, P. A., Borooah, S., Al Alouch, C., Roe, J., Laude, A., Gupta, R., ... & Dhillon, B. (2014). Gaze and pupil changes during navigation in age-related macular degeneration. British Journal of Ophthalmology, bjophthalmol-2014.

Background The central visual field is particularly affected in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and this can impinge on a variety of functional tasks, including navigation, which can affect activities of daily living. It has been difficult to assess navigational function under standardised conditions. The aim of this study is to examine gaze function and pupil diameter during navigation in patients with AMD.

To record emmetropization, visual acuity, and strabismus outcomes among hyperopic infants followed with partial hyperopic corrections given in accordance with dynamic retinoscopy (DR).

Methods

Ayuso, V. K., Makhotkina, N., van Tent-Hoeve, M., de Groot-Mijnes, J. D. F., Wulffraat, N. M., Rothova, A., & de Boer, J. H. (2014). Pathogenesis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis associated uveitis: the known and unknown. Survey of Ophthalmology.

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common childhood rheumatic disease and the most prevalent systemic disorder in children with uveitis. The current prevailing opinion is that JIA is a multifactorial, genetically predisposed autoimmune disorder that can be influenced by environmental factors and infections; the specific pathogenesis of JIA-associated uveitis is ...

Drexler, W., Liu, M., Kumar, A., Kamali, T., Unterhuber, A., & Leitgeb, R. A. (2014). Optical coherence tomography today: speed, contrast, and multimodality. Journal of biomedical optics, 19(7), 071412-071412.

 In the last 25 years, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has advanced to be one of the most innovative and most successful translational optical imaging techniques, achieving substantial economic impact as well as clinical acceptance. This is largely owing to the resolution improvements by a factor of 10 to the submicron regime and to the imaging speed increase by more than half a million times to more than 5 million A-scans per second, with the latter one accomplished by the state-of-the-art swept source laser technologies that are reviewed in this article. In addition, parallelization of OCT detection, such as line-field and full-field OCT, has shortened the acquisition time even further by establishing quasi-akinetic scanning.

Dai, Y., Ye, J., Gong, M., Ye, X., Yan, X., Ma, G., & Qiu, J. (2014). Forced rotation of nanograting in glass by pulse-front tilted femtosecond laser direct writing. Optics Express, 22(23), 28500-28505.

Abstract

Congdon, N. (2014). What to do About Racial Disparities in Access to Glasses Among Children in the US?. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science,55(10), 7006-7006.

Descarga articulo 

http://www.iovs.org/content/55/10/7006.full.pdf+html.

Krishnacharya, P. S. (2014). Study on accommodation by autorefraction and dynamic refraction in children. Journal of optometry, 7(4), 193-202.

Purpose:  Childhood accommodation interferes with accurate diagnosis of the latent refractive errors. Dynamic retinoscopy offers accurate measurements of accommodative response, while an autorefractometer can predict the accommodative system activation in children. A correlation of the accommodative effort with the dynamic refraction has been investigated in emmetropic children, before and after cycloplegia.

Maxfield, J. T., Stalder, W. D., & Zelinsky, G. J. (2014). Effects of target typicality on categorical search. Journal of vision, 14(12), 1.

The role of target typicality in a categorical visual search task was investigated by cueing observers with a target name, followed by a five-item target present/absent search array in which the target images were rated in a pretest to be high, medium, or low in typicality with respect to the basic-level target cue. Contrary to previous work, we found that search guidance was better for high-typicality targets compared to low-typicality targets, as measured by both the proportion of immediate target fixations and the time to fixate the target. Consistent with previous work, we also found an effect of typicality on target verification times, the time between target fixation and the search judgment; as target typicality decreased, verification times increased. To model these typicality effects, we trained Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers on the target categories, and tested these on the corresponding specific targets used in the search task. ...

Teke, Mehmet Y. MD*; Balikoglu-Yilmaz, Melike MD†; Yuksekkaya, Pinar MD*; Citirik, Mehmet MD*; Elgin, Ufuk MD*; Kose, Timur PhD‡; Ozturk, Faruk MD*

Purpose:To analyze the surgical outcomes and retinal redetachment frequency after silicone oil (SO) removal for complex retinal detachment.