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Scooped by
AEOPTOMETRISTAS
March 20, 2014 6:17 AM
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American Journal of Ophthalmology, Volume 157, Issue 2, Pages 451-457.e1, February 2014, Authors:Audrey Chia; Wei-Han Chua; Li Wen; Allan Fong; Yar Yen Goon; Donald Tan Purpose To study the change in spherical equivalent and other ocular parameters 1 year after stopping the administration of atropine. Design Prospective randomized double-masked clinical trial. Methods We assigned 400 myopic children, 6 to 12 years of age, to receive atropine 0.5%, 0.1% or 0.01% for 24 months, after which medication was stopped. Parents and children gave informed consent to participate in the research. Children were reviewed at 26, 32 and 36 months, and changes in cycloplegic spherical equivalent (SE), axial length (AL), visual acuity, pupil size, and accommodation were assessed.
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AEOPTOMETRISTAS
March 13, 2014 5:57 AM
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- Theodore A. Pasquali, MD,
- David Smadja, MD,
- Michael J. Savetsky, MD,
- Glauco H. Reggiani Mello, MD, PhD,
- Fadiah Alkhawaldeh,
- Ronald R. Krueger,
Purpose:To address the most dynamic and current issues concerning human genetics, risk factors, pharmacoeconomics, and prevention regarding age-related macular degeneration.
Methods:An online review of the database Pubmed and Ovid was performed, searching for the key words: age-related macular d...
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AEOPTOMETRISTAS
from Orthokeratology
March 11, 2014 1:50 AM
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AEOPTOMETRISTAS
March 10, 2014 6:30 AM
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Volume 157, Issue 3, March 2014, Pages 739–745 Purpose To investigate the relationship between preferred sleeping position and asymmetric visual field (VF) loss in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients. Design Retrospective, cross-sectional study. Methods Six hundred and ninety-two (692) patients with bilateral normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) or high-tension glaucoma were consecutively enrolled. A questionnaire to determine the preferred sleeping position was administered to each patient. Asymmetric VF loss was defined as a difference in mean deviation between the 2 eyes of at least 2 dB. According to these values, the better eye and worse eye were defined. Among the patients with asymmetric VF loss, the numbers preferring the worse eye–dependent lateral decubitus position and the better eye–dependent lateral decubitus position were compared.
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AEOPTOMETRISTAS
February 27, 2014 11:45 AM
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S B Kaye
Eye 28, 154-161 (February 2014)
The aim of this study was to present methods to improve the analysis of refractive data. A comparison of methods is used to analyse refractive powers using individual powers and aggregate data. Equations are also developed for the representation of the average power of a lens or refractive data as a univariate measure, which includes spherical, coma, and/or other aberrations. The equations provide a precise representation of refractive power, which is useful for comparing individual and aggregate data. Average lens power in the principal meridian can be adequately computed as can the average lens power through orthogonal and oblique meridians, providing a good univariate representation of astigmatism and refractive power. Although these formulae are perhaps not as easy to use as, for example, the spherical equivalent, they are more precise and superior in principle involving fewer approximations and are not subject to systematic bias. These effects are of significance when dealing with high-powered lenses such as intraocular lenses or the cornea. They need to be taken into account particularly for calculations of intraocular lens power, toric intraocular lenses, and cornea refractive surgery, especially if outcomes are to be improved. Such issues are of particular importance when dealing with aggregate data and determining statistical significance of treatment effects.
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AEOPTOMETRISTAS
February 27, 2014 11:30 AM
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Pekel G, Acer S, Yagci R., Kaya H, Pekel E. Impact of Valsalva Maneuver on Corneal Morphology and Anterior Chamber Parameters. Cornea. 2014;33(3):271-273
Purpose:Our aim was to examine the influence of the Valsalva maneuver (VM) on corneal morphology and anterior chamber parameters.
Methods:This prospective observational study included 35 eyes of 35 healthy volunteers. One of the eyes of each subject was selected randomly. The keratometry (K), pa...
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AEOPTOMETRISTAS
February 25, 2014 1:48 PM
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Chao C., Golebiowski B, Stapleton F. The Role of Corneal Innervation in LASIK-Induced Neuropathic Dry Eye. The ocular surface. 2014;12(1): 32-45.
Abstract Almost half the patients who undergo laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) experience dry eye following the procedure. However, the etiology of LASIK-induced dry eye is unclear. The purpose of this review is to examine and summarize the current evidence for the etiology of LASIK-induced dry eye, with a focus on ocular surface sensitivity and corneal innervation. Evidence suggests that the alteration of corneal nerves after LASIK is the most likely cause of the subjective symptoms of LASIK-induced dry eye, even though corneal sensitivity and the clinical indicators of dry eye return to apparently normal values within a year due to the partial recovery of the corneal nerve plexus. The hypothesis is explored that dry eye symptoms following LASIK may result from abnormal sensation due to LASIK-induced corneal neuropathy. Other factors, such as alterations in conjunctival goblet cell density, might also contribute to the symptoms and signs of LASIK-induced dry eye. Inter-relationships between nerve morphology, tear neuropeptide levels and dry eye require further investigation. A better understanding of this phenomenon may result in improved management of post-LASIK dry eye.
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AEOPTOMETRISTAS
February 20, 2014 6:36 AM
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Kotecha A, Russell RA, Sinapis A, et al. BMC ophthalmology. 2014:14(1), 11.
Para evaluar las relaciones entre Reichert Analizador de Respuesta Ocular (ORA) Parámetros de histéresis corneal (CH) y el factor de respuesta corneal (CRF) y las dimensiones oculares, la edad y la presión intraocular.
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AEOPTOMETRISTAS
February 20, 2014 5:52 AM
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Ramdas WD, Vervaet CJ, Bleyen I. Corneal topography for pancorneal toric edge rigid gas-permeable contact lens fitting in patients with keratoconus, and differences in age and gender. Contact Lens and Anterior Eye. 2014;37(1):20-25.
Abstract Purpose To determine whether pancorneal rigid gas-permeable toric edge contact lenses (pancorneal RGP-CL) fitting could be improved by using non-central corneal shape predictors, and to compare these parameters with respect to age and gender in patients with keratoconus.
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AEOPTOMETRISTAS
February 6, 2014 5:51 AM
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February 4, 2014 1:22 PM
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Iacono P, Parodi MB, Introini U, La Spina C, Varano M, Bandello F
Purpose: To evaluate the effects of intravitreal ranibizumab injections in the treatment of choroidal neovascularization with large submacular hemorrhage secondary to age-related macular degeneration. Methods: Prospective interventional case series. Patients presenting occult choroidal neovascularization with flat large submacular hemorrhage >50% of the entire lesion were considered. The protocol required 3 monthly consecutive injections, followed by repeat injections over the 12-month follow-up on the basis of optical coherence tomography parameters and angiographic features.
Results: Twenty-three patients were enrolled in the study and prospectively followed up. Mean best-corrected visual acuity and mean central macular thickness at the baseline were 0.82 ± 0.22 (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution ± standard deviation) and 342 ± 56 µm, respectively. At 12-month examination, mean visual acuity improved significantly to 0.68 ± 0.41 (P = 0.04), and mean central macular thickness decreased to 236 ± 26 µm (P < 0.0001). A progressive resolution of macular bleeding was registered in 22 of 23 patients. No side effect or complication was registered.
Conclusion: Intravitreal ranibizumab can be considered a beneficial approach for the management of choroidal neovascularization with flat large submacular hemorrhage secondary to age-related macular degeneration.
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AEOPTOMETRISTAS
February 4, 2014 1:04 PM
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JAMA Ophthalmol. January 16, 2014 Desmond Cheng OD, Woo GC, Drobe B, Schmid KL Abstract Importance Myopia is a significant public health problem, making it important to determine whether a bifocal spectacle treatment involving near prism slows myopia progression in children. Objective To determine whether bifocal and prismatic bifocal spectacles control myopia in children with high rates of myopia progression and to assess whether the treatment effect is dependent on the lag of accommodation and/or near phoria status. Design, Setting, and Participants This 3-year randomized clinical trial was conducted in a private practice. A total of 135 (73 female and 62 male) Chinese-Canadian children (aged 8-13 years; mean [SE] age, 10.29 [0.15] years; mean [SE] myopia, −3.08 [0.10] D) with myopia progression of at least 0.50 D in the preceding year were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments. A total of 128 (94.8%) completed the trial. Interventions Single-vision lenses (control, n = 41), +1.50-D executive bifocals (n = 48), and +1.50-D executive bifocals with 3-Δ base-in prism in the near segment of each lens (n = 46). Main Outcomes and Measures Myopia progression (primary) measured using an automated refractor following cycloplegia and increase in axial length (secondary) measured using ultrasonography at intervals of 6 months for 36 months. Results Myopia progression over 3 years was an average (SE) of −2.06 (0.13) D for the single-vision lens group, −1.25 (0.10) D for the bifocal group, and −1.01 (0.13) D for the prismatic bifocal group. Axial length increased an average (SE) of 0.82 (0.05) mm, 0.57 (0.07) mm, and 0.54 (0.06) mm, respectively. The treatment effect of bifocals (0.81 D) and prismatic bifocals (1.05 D) was significant (P < .001). Both bifocal groups had less axial elongation (0.25 mm and 0.28 mm, respectively) than the single-vision lens group (P < .001). For children with high lags of accommodation (≥1.01 D), the treatment effect of both bifocals and prismatic bifocals was similar (1.1 D) (P < .001). For children with low lags (<1.01 D), the treatment effect of prismatic bifocals (0.99 D) was greater than of bifocals (0.50 D) (P = .03). The treatment effect of both bifocals and prismatic bifocals was independent of the near phoria status. Conclusions and Relevance Bifocal spectacles can slow myopia progression in children with an annual progression rate of at least 0.50 D after 3 years. These results suggest that prismatic bifocals are more effective for myopic children with low lags of accommodation.
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AEOPTOMETRISTAS
January 30, 2014 4:28 AM
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American journal of ophthalmology; 2014;157(2):273-279 Avni Zauberman N, Artornsombudh P, Elbaz U, Goldich Y, Rootman DS, Chan CC Purpose To evaluate the clinical features and outcomes of patients with recurrent corneal erosion syndrome who underwent anterior stromal puncture. Study Design: Retrospective, nonrandomized, consecutive case series. Methods:. Database search of patients from 2003-2013 who underwent anterior stromal puncture was conducted at a tertiary care hospital cornea clinic. Charts of 30 patients (35 eyes) were reviewed. Outcome measures included demographics, laterality, history of corneal trauma, prior ocular history, frequency and duration of symptoms, failed treatments, signs on examination, degree of symptom resolution, additional treatments needed, and complications. Results: Mean patient age at presentation was 37 (± 11.5 SD) years, 60% were male. A total of 83.3% of patients had unilateral and 16.7% had bilateral involvement. In all, 62.9% of eyes had prior history of corneal trauma and 2.9% had prior laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis. Ninety-seven percent of eyes had symptoms of pain upon awakening refractory to conservative treatment. In 97% of eyes, there were findings of microcysts, fingerprint lines, loose epithelium, and/or faint scars. Mean follow-up was 14 months (range: 3-120 months). At final follow-up, 62.9% of eyes were symptom free and 37.1% experienced milder episodes. Seventeen percent required additional treatment: 16.6% superficial keratectomy, 66% repeat anterior stromal puncture, and 16.7% phototherapeutic keratectomy. No complications were observed. Conclusión: Anterior stromal puncture using a short (5/8 inch) 25 gauge bent needle is a simple, safe, and cost-effective procedure for symptomatic relief in patients with recurrent corneal erosion syndrome refractive to conservative measures. Repeat treatment may be performed prior to additional surgical intervention.
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AEOPTOMETRISTAS
March 13, 2014 6:05 AM
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Ryan E. B. Mruczek, Christopher D. Blair,and Gideon P. Caplovitz J Vis March 3, 2014 ABSTRACT We present a novel size-contrast illusion that depends on the dynamic nature of the stimulus. In the dynamic illusory size-contrast (DISC) effect, the viewer perceives the size of a target bar to be shrinking when it is surrounded by an expanding box and when there are additional dynamic cues such as eye movements, changes in retinal eccentricity of the bar, or changes in the spatial position of the bar. Importantly, the expanding box was necessary but not sufficient to obtain an illusory percept, distinguishing the DISC effect from other size-contrast illusions. We propose that the visual system is weighting the different sources of information that contribute to size perception based on the level of uncertainty in the retinal image size of the object. Whereas the growing box normally has a weak influence on the perceived size of the target bar, this influence is enhanced when other dynamic changes in the environment (e.g., eye movements, changes in retinal eccentricity, and target motion) lead to uncertainty in the retinal size of the target bar. Given the compelling nature of the DISC effect and the inherently dynamic nature of our environment, these factors are likely to play an important role in everyday size judgments.
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AEOPTOMETRISTAS
March 13, 2014 5:53 AM
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Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery, Volume 40, Issue 3, Pages 395-402, March 2014, Authors:Theodore A. Pasquali, MD; David Smadja, MD; Michael J. Savetsky, MD; Glauco H. Reggiani Mello, MD, PhD; Fadiah Alkhawaldeh; Ronald R. Krueger, MD, MSE Purpose To evaluate the satisfaction and quality of life after laser vision correction (LVC) exclusively in a physician population. Setting Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. Design Cohort study.
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AEOPTOMETRISTAS
March 10, 2014 6:38 AM
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Survey of Ophthalmology, Volume 59, Issue 2, Pages 185-191, March 2014, Authors:Hayley B. McBain, MSc; Charis K. Au; Joanne Hancox, FRCOphth; Kelly A. MacKenzie, BSc (Hons); Daniel G. Ezra, FRCOphth; Gillian G.W. Adams, FRCOphth; Stanton P. Newman, CPsychol Abstract Strabismus affects approximately 4% of the adult population and can cause substantial physical disturbance and changes to appearance. This article aims to examine the impact of strabismus in adults both with and without diplopia, focusing primarily on quality of life (QoL). We highlight the value of measuring QoL, assess the ways in which it can be measured, and the impact the disease, diplopia, and surgery have on the patient. QoL differs for strabismus patients based on their diplopia status. Patients with diplopia tend to have more concerns relating to functional QoL, whereas patients without diplopia have primarily psychosocial concerns. Two diplopia-specific questionnaires have been designed to assess QoL and the perceived severity of symptoms. Further research is needed to identify the variables which influence QoL so that appropriate support can be given to all patients with strabismus to improve their QoL.
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AEOPTOMETRISTAS
March 10, 2014 5:45 AM
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Volume 39, March 2014, Pages 23–57 Nicole T.M. Saksens, Monika Fleckenstein,Frank G. Holz , Anneke I. den Hollander,Camiel J.F. Boon , Carel B. Hoyng, Jan E.E. Keunen Abstract Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in the elderly population in the Western world. AMD is a clinically heterogeneous disease presenting with drusen, pigmentary changes, geographic atrophy and/or choroidal neovascularization. Due to its heterogeneous presentation, it can be challenging to distinguish AMD from several macular diseases that can mimic the features of AMD. This clinical overlap may potentially lead to misdiagnosis. In this review, we discuss the characteristics of AMD and the macular dystrophies that can mimic AMD. The appropriate use of clinical and genetic analysis can aid the clinician to establish the correct diagnosis, and to provide the patient with the appropriate prognostic information. An overview is presented of overlapping and distinguishing clinical features.
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AEOPTOMETRISTAS
February 27, 2014 11:41 AM
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Rohit A, Ehrmann K, Naduvilath T, Willcox M, Stapleton F. Validating a new device for measuring tear evaporation rates. Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics. 2014;34(1), 53-62. Abstract Purpose To calibrate and validate a commercially available dermatology instrument to measure tear evaporation rate of contact lens wearers. Methods A dermatology instrument was modified by attaching a swim goggle cup such that the cup sealed around the eye socket. Results for the unmodified instrument are dependent on probe area and enclosed volume. Calibration curves were established using a model eye, to account for individual variations in chamber volume and exposed area. Fifteen participants were recruited and the study included a contact lens wear and a no contact lens wear stage. Day and diurnal variation of the measurements were assessed by taking the measurement three times a day over 2 days. The coefficient of repeatability of the measurement was calculated and a linear mixed model assessed the influence of humidity, temperature, contact lens wear, day and diurnal variations on tear evaporation rate. The associations between variables were assessed using Pearson correlation coefficient.
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AEOPTOMETRISTAS
February 25, 2014 1:58 PM
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Sawada H., Yoshino T, Fukuchi T, Abe H. . Assessment of the vision-specific quality of life using clustered visual field in glaucoma patients. Journal of glaucoma. 2014;23(2):81-87.
Purpose: To investigate the significance of vision-specific quality of life (QOL) in glaucoma patients based on the location of visual field defects.
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AEOPTOMETRISTAS
February 25, 2014 1:29 PM
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Cruess AF · Giacomantonio N.
Abstract: Emerging los Datos de Seguridad, acompañados de Las TENDENCIAS demográficas recientes, apuntan a la necesidad de Una Revisión y consideracion de las Posibles Consecuencias Que pudieran derivarse de la ONU USO Continuado de bevacizumab (Avastin ®) Para El Tratamiento De Pacientes de EDAD Avanzada Que Presentan degeneración Húmeda macular Relacionada Con La Edad En Profundidad (AMD). Aunque sí Espera Que dosis Más Bajas de Avastin utilizados Para La Administración intravítrea y Una barrera de sangre-retina intacta Seria Reducir la Exposición sistémica de la droga, Estudios en Animales y Humanos sugieren Que Este Puede del servicio sin el Caso. Ademas, los emergentes Datos del Mundo Real y los Ensayos Clínicos siguen apuntando HACIA COMPROMISOS_ del tanto en la direction seguridad cardiovascular y cerebrovascular estafa Avastin. Por lo Tanto, sí insta a los medicos a adoptar el Estándar Más Alto Posible de la Atención en el Tratamiento De Una Población ya fragil AMD. Por Otra instancia de parte, la Vigilancia posterior y la farmacovigilancia estafa Inhibidores anti-VEGF intravítrea debe Seguir SIENDO Una Prioridad.
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February 20, 2014 6:23 AM
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Carracedo G, González-Méijome JM, Lopes-Ferreira D, Carballo J, Batres, L. Clinical Performance of a New Hybrid Contact Lens for Keratoconus. Eye & contact lens. 2014;40(1): 2-6
Objetivos:. Para comparar el rendimiento clínico del híbrido de lentes de contacto Clearkone para el tratamiento del queratocono en contra de la lente de contacto habitual de los pacientes
y métodos: Un total de 33 ojos de 18 pacientes fueron equipados con el Clearkone. Alta y agudeza de bajo contraste visual (AAVC y LCVA) ...
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February 6, 2014 5:56 AM
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Journal of Vision January 8, 2014;14 (1): 8 Olsen RK, Chiew M, Buchsbaum BR, Ryan JD
We investigated whether overt shifts of attention were associated with visuospatial memory performance. Participants were required to study the locations of a set of visual objects and subsequently detect changes to the spatial location of one of the objects following a brief delay period. Relational information regarding the locations among all of the objects could be used to support performance on the task (Experiment 1) or relational information was removed during test and location manipulation judgments had to be made for a singly presented target item (Experiment 2). We computed the similarity of the fixation patterns in space during the study phase to the fixations made during the delay period. Greater fixation pattern similarity across participants was associated with higher accuracy when relational information was available at test (Experiment 1); however, this association was not observed when the target item was presented in isolation during the test display (Experiment 2). Similarly, increased fixation pattern similarity on a given trial (within participants) was associated with successful task performance when the relations among studied items could be used for comparison (Experiment 1), but not when memory for absolute spatial location was assessed (Experiment 2). This pattern of behavior and performance on the two tasks suggested that eye movements facilitated memory for the relationships among objects. Shifts of attention through eye movements may provide a mechanism for the maintenance of relational visuospatial memory.
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February 6, 2014 5:22 AM
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British Journal of Ophthalmology, 2014;98(2):275-276 Oellers P, Karp CL, Shah RR, Winnick M, Matthews J, Dubovy S
Abstract An 83-year-old man presented with a 1-month history of a rapidly enlarging conjunctivalmass. On examination, slit lamp biomicroscopy revealed a leukoplakic tumour at the temporal limbus. The lesion was excised with cryotherapy application to the limbus andconjunctival margins. Histopathology revealed a keratoacanthoma (KA). KA typically occurs on sun-exposed areas of the skin. Conjunctival KA is very rare, and differentiation between conventional squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) and KA can be challenging. The present case highlights the indication for excisional surgery in patients with conjunctival KA using the no touch technique, cryotherapy, amniotic membrane and the histopathological differentiation between KA and SCCA.
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February 4, 2014 1:10 PM
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Survey of Ophthalmology, Nov 2013; 58 (6):529-535 Woreta FA, Gupta A, Hochstetler B, Bower KS
Abstract Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) is a refractive procedure gaining popularity that eliminates the risk of ectasia and flap complications that can occur after laser in situ keratomileusis. Post-operative discomfort is a major drawback after PRK and thus the management of pain and discomfort following PRK is of great importance. We summarize corneal pain pathways and summarize current approaches to pain management after PRK.
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January 30, 2014 4:33 AM
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Optics Express, 2014;22(2):2105-2110 Voznesenskiy SS, Sergeev AA, Galkina AN, Kulchin YN, Shchipunov YA, Postnova
In this paper we study the laser-induced modification of optical properties of nanocomposite based on cadmium sulphide quantum dots encapsulated into thiomalic acid shell which were embedded into a porous silica matrix. We found red shift of luminescence of the nanocomposite when exposed to laser radiation at λ = 405 nm. Using pump-probe method and Small-Angle X-ray Scattering technique it was found that laser radiation at λ = 405 nm also increases the absorption coefficient of the nanocomposite in 15 times due to agglomeration of quantum dots. The modification of absorption properties is fully reversible..
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Atropina en el tratamiento de la miopía infantil