Neuropathy "The Painful Enigma"

The spine consists of multiple vertebral bones separated by gel-like discs. The discs are the shock absorbers, cushioning the vertebrae. Normal wear and tear, underlying conditions, and injuries can cause the discs to crack, tear, and leak out, also known as a slipped or herniated disc, which is the most common cause of sciatica. In certain cases, physicians are using a medication that is used to control seizures known as gabapentin. Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant used to treat nerve-related back pain, like sciatica.

First Line Medications

• Doctors' first-line medications for sciatica include anti-inflammatories/NSAIDs such as naproxen or ibuprofen and corticosteroids.
• Back spasms can accompany sciatica, increasing the sensations and pain; a muscle relaxer could be added.
• If these treatments do not provide adequate symptom relief, a combination of gabapentin, naproxen, ibuprofen (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and Tylenol could be recommended.
• Before going to bed is the recommended time for taking the meds because of the potential for drowsiness.
• This allows the patient to be more comfortable and get better sleep.

Gabapentin

Gabapentin is a non-narcotic prescription medication that is part of the anticonvulsant family. FDA approved for the following:

Seizures

• It can be used with other medications for controlling epileptic seizures.

Postherpetic Neuralgia

• Painful blisters caused by reactivation of herpes zoster virus, aka shingles.

Off-label uses include:

Nerve Pain

• Treats sharp burning nerve pain often experienced from:
• Shingles outbreak
• Diabetes
• Spinal cord injury

Restless Legs Syndrome

• Manages the various sensations commonly experienced with the condition.

Fibromyalgia

• It can be effective in treating pain symptoms.

Brain Signals

Gabapentin alters the way the brain and body transmit signals. It works by blocking the pain-causing neurotransmitters to calm the pain signals to the nerves. This is why it is used for sciatica and neurogenic pain. Individuals dealing with nerve pain, numbness, and tingling in the legs from sciatica or have diabetic neuropathy benefit the most. It is not recommended for chronic, non-specific low back pain. Gabapentin may take up to a month to provide maximum relief; individuals may start to experience some relief within the first week. However, notify a physician if significant pain persists after using Tylenol, NSAIDs, corticosteroids, and gabapentin.

What To Expect

• The medication is available in a capsule, tablet with immediate or extended release, and liquid form.
• Starting dosage is 300mg once a day.
• A physician may increase the dosage up to three times a day.
• The medication needs to be taken as prescribed.
• Treating neuropathic sciatic pain with gabapentin is standard practice.
• This is an off-label usage meaning the FDA has not determined if the medication is safe and effective for sciatica.

Side Effects and Interactions

The most common side effects include:

• Dizziness
• Fatigue
• Tremors

Due to these potential side effects, Individuals should not drive or operate heavy machinery while taking gabapentin. Rare but more serious side effects can include:

• Vision changes
• Confusion
• Trouble breathing
• Behavioral changes or suicidal ideation
• Swelling

In 2019, the FDA released a statement cautioning the elderly and those with significant breathing conditions, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/COPD, to use extreme caution when taking gabapentin and similar medications. Elderly individuals are more likely to experience side effects due to age-related changes, decreased kidney function, poor balance, and mobility issues. There is an increased risk of experiencing breathing problems when taking gabapentin with any of the following:

• Alcohol
• Opioids
• CNS/Central Nervous System depressants slow brain activity for sleep, anxiety, and panic disorders.

The consumption of alcohol, opioids, or CNS depressants while taking gabapentin can increase the sedating effects of each substance and lead to respiratory depression. It is imperative that your physician knows all prescription and non-prescription medications, herbal supplements, and vitamins to prevent negative interactions between medications.

Does Gabapentin Work?

General Disclaimer *

The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified healthcare professional or licensed physician and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make healthcare decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified healthcare professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and directly or indirectly support our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has reasonably attempted to provide supportive citations and identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request.

We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.

Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN*

email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com

Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico*

References

Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. (n.d.). Serious breathing difficulties with gabapentin and pregabalin. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved September 30, 2022, from https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/fda-warns-about-serious-breathing-problems-seizure-and-nerve-pain-medicines-gabapentin-neurontin

Grice, Gloria R, and Marsha K Mertens. "Gabapentin as a potential option for treatment of sciatica." Pharmacotherapy vol. 28,3 (2008): 397-402. doi:10.1592/phco.28.3.397

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2022, March 22). Prescription CNS depressants DrugFacts. National Institutes of Health. Retrieved September 30, 2022, from https://nida.nih.gov/publications/drugfacts/prescription-cns-depressants

U.S. National Library of Medicine. (n.d.). Gabapentin: Medlineplus drug information. MedlinePlus. Retrieved September 30, 2022, from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a694007.html

U.S. National Library of Medicine. (n.d.). Pregabalin: Medlineplus drug information. MedlinePlus. Retrieved September 30, 2022, from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a605045.html

Yasaei R, Katta S, Saadabadi A. Gabapentin. [Updated 2022 May 2]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493228/

Neuropathy therapeutic massage is a system of structured palpations or movements of the body's soft tissues. When the nerves don't get enough oxygen and nutrients from blood circulation, symptoms like tenderness, tingling, numbness, and pain can present. The best way to move the blood is by massaging the circulation in and around the numb and sore areas and throughout the body. Many types of massage therapy are available for various health-related issues. This includes:

• Pain alleviation and management
• Injury rehabilitation and prevention
• Stress alleviation
• Anxiety and depression therapy
• Immune system restoration
• Increasing relaxation
• Facilitating overall wellness

Neuropathy Therapeutic Massage

Neuropathy therapeutic massage: The objective is to stimulate blood flow throughout the body. This is because the more muscles move, the better they can maintain blood circulation to nourish the nerves and the body, which is why physical activity/exercise/movement is encouraged. Benefits include:

• De-stressing the nerves that are causing tingling, numbness, and burning.
• The discomfort eases as the muscles are lengthened and loosened, releasing the tightness and pressure.
• Endorphins (natural painkillers) are released, minimizing the pain.
• Increase in circulation
• Reduced spasms and cramping
• Increased joint flexibility
• Mobility restoration
• Symptom relief
• Decreased anxiety
• Improved sleep quality
• Increased energy levels
• Improved concentration
• Reduced fatigue

Massage Techniques

Massaging techniques include:

• Kneading
• Stroking
• Gliding
• Percussion
• Vibration
• Friction
• Compression
• Passive stretching
• Active stretching

Effleurage

• This can be firm or light soothing, stroking movements without dragging the skin, using the fingertips or the palms.

Petrissage

• Lifting or picking up muscles and rolling the skin.

Tapotement

• Striking with the side of the hand, usually with slightly flexed fingers, rhythmic finger movements, or short rapid movements with the sides of the hand.

These techniques may be applied with or without massage oils, topical ointments, salt or herbal preparations, hydromassage, thermal massage, or massage instruments/tools.

Massage Types

There are different types of massage, those that are for comfort and those for specific conditions or diseases. A few include:

Swedish Massage

• Generally regarded as the most common form of massage, this technique involves a combination of five basic strokes and concentrates on the muscles and connective tissues.
• Used to improve circulation, relaxation, pain relief, and overall maintenance and well-being.

Sports Massage

• Sports massage therapies are used in preventative and therapeutic settings.
• Athletes use the technique during warm-ups, training, and competition to treat and/or help in:
• Injury prevention
• Improved flexibility
• Full range of motion
• Improved performance
• Helps to focus and mental clarity.

Reflexology

• This technique uses a system of points on the hands, feet, and ears that correspond to or reflex other body areas.
• Reflexologists apply appropriate pressure to these points to stimulate energy flow, to relieve pain or blockages throughout the body.
• Reflexology is also used to ease stress and promote relaxation.

Aromatherapy

• Various essential oils derived from plants, herbs, flowers, and roots have therapeutic qualities.
• Aromatherapy involves essential oils to produce a certain effect; for example, lavender is used to induce calmness and relaxation.
• When combined with body massage, aromatherapy can enrich the experience immensely.
• A few drops can be added to massage cream or oil and applied to the skin.
• Professional aromatherapists also blend oils to treat specific conditions.

Connective Tissue Massage

• Connective tissue massage is similar to myofascial release in that it involves working with the fascia, or soft tissue, to relieve pain, tightness, and discomfort.
• The theory of connective tissue massage is that tight, restricted body areas negatively affect other body areas.
• Practitioners/therapists hook their fingers into the connective tissue and use pulling strokes to lengthen the tissues.
• This releases tension, improves mobility and reduces stress.

Deep-Tissue Massage

• Deep-tissue massage utilizes slow strokes, direct pressure, and/or friction across the grain of the muscles with the fingers, thumbs, and/or elbows.
• Its purpose is to reach the fascia beneath the muscles going deep into the muscles and connective tissue to release aches and pains.
• Therapists thoroughly understand the human body and have been trained to administer deep-tissue massage.
• The technique is used in treating chronic pain, inflammation, and injury.

Geriatric Massage

• Geriatric massage involves treating the elderly and addressing specific needs related to age, conditions, and illness.
• The sessions are usually shorter and involve gentle techniques to facilitate pain relief, relaxation, and overall wellness.

Lymph Drainage Therapy

• This technique involves the application of light, rhythmic strokes to alleviate various conditions related to the body's lymph system.
• The lymph system supports the immune system and is responsible for flushing toxins and draining fluid.
• When lymph circulation slows down or stops, fluid can build up and cause physical problems like inflammation, edema, and neuropathies.
• Therapists restore lymph flow by using a mapping system to assess problem areas, then apply gentle pressure using the fingers and hands to reactivate circulation.

Neuromuscular Therapy

• Neuromuscular therapy is massage applied to specific muscles, often used to increase blood circulation, release muscle tension knots/trigger points, and/or release pain/pressure on nerves.
• This therapy is also known as trigger-point therapy in that concentrated finger pressure is applied to specific points to alleviate muscular pain.

HealthCare

Neuropathy therapeutic massage is used in combination to enhance regular medical care. Let a doctor know when trying massage therapies, and follow any standard treatment plans. Some forms of massage can cause soreness the next day but should be combined with a sense of improvement and being healthier. If any part of the massage doesn't feel right or is painful, let the therapist know immediately. Most serious issues come from too much pressure during the massage or sensitivity or allergy to massage oils. Massage therapy caution includes the following:

• Vigorous massage should be avoided by individuals with bleeding disorders or low blood platelet counts and taking blood-thinning medications.
• Massage therapy should not be done in areas with blood clots, fractures, healing wounds, skin infections, weakened bones from osteoporosis or cancer, or after recent surgery.
• Cancer patients should discuss any concerns about massage therapy with their oncologist.
• Pregnant women should consult their healthcare provider before using massage therapy.

Peripheral Neuropathy Recovery

General Disclaimer *

The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified healthcare professional or licensed physician and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make your own healthcare decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified healthcare professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and directly or indirectly support our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has reasonably attempted to provide supportive citations and identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request.

We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.

Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN*

email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com

Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico*

References

American Massage Therapy Association defines massage therapy and basic massage therapy terms. www.amtamassage.org

Complementary and alternative methods: types of bodywork. Available at www.cancer.org

Gok Metin, Zehra, et al. "Aromatherapy Massage for Neuropathic Pain and Quality of Life in Diabetic Patients." Journal of nursing scholarship: an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing vol. 49,4 (2017): 379-388. doi:10.1111/jnu.12300

MassageTherapy.com. www.massagetherapy.com

National Institutes of Health, National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Samuels, Noah, and Eran Ben-Arye. "Integrative Approaches to Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy." Current oncology reports vol. 22,3 23. 11 Feb. 2020, doi:10.1007/s11912-020-0891-2

Sarısoy, Pınar, and Ozlem Ovayolu. "The Effect of Foot Massage on Peripheral Neuropathy-Related Pain and Sleep Quality in Patients With Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma." Holistic nursing practice vol. 34,6 (2020): 345-355. doi:10.1097/HNP.0000000000000412

Thomas, Ewan, et al. "Peripheral Nerve Responses to Muscle Stretching: A Systematic Review." Journal of sports science & medicine vol. 20,2 258-267. 8 Mar. 2021, doi:10.52082/jssm.2021.258

Zhang, Yong-Hui, et al. "Exercise for Neuropathic Pain: A Systematic Review and Expert Consensus." Frontiers in medicine vol. 8 756940. 24 Nov. 2021, doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.756940

Spinal nerves send motor, sensory, and autonomic signals between the central nervous system and the body and are part of the peripheral nervous system. They are essential for carrying information that controls body movements and sensations to the brain. When a nerve gets injured, compressed, or damaged, it can cause discomfort, increased sensitivity, numbness, muscle weakness, and pain.

Damaged Nerve Roots

Nerve root pain is often caused by other underlying conditions that have caused compression or damage to the nerve root. Causes of nerve root pain can include:

• Herniated discs
• Spinal injury
• Spinal stenosis
• Arthritis
• Spondylosis
• Spinal infection
• Bone spurs
• Inflammatory disease
• Spinal tumors
• Spinal cysts

Spinal nerves impacted by injuries or infection can lose their ability to control the body areas, lose their functional capacity, lose sensation, and die.

Spinal Imaging

Nerve damage can be diagnosed on a neurological exam and correlated with MRI and X-ray imaging. Conditions that MRI can identify include herniated discs, spinal cord compression or fracture, arthritic development, tumors, or cysts pressing on a nerve.

• MRI images are obtained with a magnetic field and radio waves.
• MRI shows spine images from the side/sagittal view and cross-sectional/axial views.
• This allows the chiropractic doctor to see the vertebrae and discs and identify abnormalities.
• The spinal cord is a gray area in the middle surrounded by the spinal fluid, which appears white.
• Little white channels on either side of the spinal cord are where the nerve roots branch off.
• X-rays can show the alignment of the bones along the spine and determine any narrowing or damage to the discs.

It is important to be evaluated and diagnosed for signs and symptoms of nerve injury as soon as possible, as nerve damage accelerates and worsens.

Function Restoration

Sometimes, the symptoms improve by themselves and do not require treatment. Nonetheless, physicians begin with conservative, non-surgical approaches to treat nerve root pain. Chiropractic and physical massage therapy involves specific movements, stretches, and exercises to keep the affected muscles and joints active, prevent stiffness and help restore function and feeling. Treatment can include:

• Therapeutic massage
• Manual adjustment/resistance treatment
• Trigger point therapy
• Instrument-assisted soft tissue therapy
• Decompression
• Traction
• Joint stretching
• Electrical stimulation
• Ultrasound
• Specialized exercise
• Activity modification
• Anti-inflammatory diet

Nerve Chiropractor

General Disclaimer *

The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified healthcare professional or licensed physician and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make your own healthcare decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified healthcare professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and directly or indirectly support our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has reasonably attempted to provide supportive citations and identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request.

We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.

Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN*

email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com

Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico*

References

Liu, Yan, and Huan Wang. “Peripheral nerve injury-induced changes in the spinal cord and strategies to counteract/enhance the changes to promote nerve regeneration.” Neural regeneration research vol. 15,2 (2020): 189-198. doi:10.4103/1673-5374.265540

Menorca, Ron M G, et al. “Nerve physiology: mechanisms of injury and recovery.” Hand clinics vol. 29,3 (2013): 317-30. doi:10.1016/j.hcl.2013.04.002

Shehab, Safa Al-Deen Saudi. “Fifth lumbar spinal nerve injury causes neurochemical changes in corresponding and adjacent spinal segments: a possible mechanism underlying neuropathic pain.” Journal of chemical neuroanatomy vol. 55 (2014): 38-50. doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2013.12.002

Stoll, G, and H W Müller. “Nerve injury, axonal degeneration, and neural regeneration: basic insights.” Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) vol. 9,2 (1999): 313-25. doi:10.1111/j.1750-3639.1999.tb00229.x

Ye, Xuan, et al. “Nerve fascicle transfer using a part of the C-7 nerve for spinal accessory nerve injury.” Journal of neurosurgery. Spine vol. 28,5 (2018): 555-561. doi:10.3171/2017.8.SPINE17582

Introduction

The brain and the spinal cord have a casual relationship in the nervous system as they help transport neuron signals to the rest of the body. These neuron signals travel through the various nerve pathways that provide motor-sensory functions to the arms, legs, neck, and back that help keep the body upright and function properly. When natural causes or traumatic issues affect the spinal cord, it can cause pain symptoms associated with nerve compression that overlaps with different chronic problems. When there is spinal nerve compression in the back, it may potentially involve low back or neck pain. Today’s article looks at a condition known as Chiari malformation, its associated symptoms with the spine, and how decompression and chiropractic care manage Chiari malformation. We refer patients to certified providers specializing in neurological treatments to help many individuals with Chiari malformation. We also guide our patients by referring to our associated medical providers based on their examination when it’s appropriate. We find that education is the solution to asking our providers insightful questions. Dr. Alex Jimenez DC provides this information as an educational service only. Disclaimer

What Is Chiari Malformation?

Have you been experiencing chronic headaches that are triggering neck stiffness? What about uncontrollable bladder issues? Are you feeling tingling sensations down your fingers and toes? Some of these symptoms are signs that you might risk developing Chiari malformation. Chiari malformation is uncommon when parts of the brain tissue extend into the spinal canal. This condition is a cluster of abnormalities that involves parts of the brain and cervical cord. The brain consists of 6 pieces that have different functions; they are:

• Frontal lobe (Problem-solving, emotions, attention & concentration, etc.)
• Parietal lobe (Sense of touch, visual perception, differentiation, etc.)
• Temporal lobe (Memory, understanding languages)
• Occipital lobe (Vision)
• Cerebellum (Balance, motor activity, coordination)
• The brain stem (spinal cord, breathing, sleep and wake cycles, etc.)

These different brain sections have a casual relationship with their correlated organs and muscles to keep the body moving. When there are deformities affecting the brain from Chiari malformation, studies reveal that the cerebellum is leaking out of the skull and pressing against the surrounding spinal canal, triggering symptoms along the spine.

General Disclaimer *

The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified health care professional, licensed physician, and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make your own health care decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified health care professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and support, directly or indirectly, our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has made a reasonable attempt to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request.

We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.

Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN*

email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com

Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico*

Reflex pain is a complex condition that involves the body’s pain withdrawal reflex failing to turn off after the event that triggered the pain, so the pain sensations continue. This is a neurological condition known as the withdrawal reflex. It occurs when the body and brain undergo a chain of reactions to remove an affected body part from dangerous situations/stimuli. A typical example is a vehicle crash or accident. During the process, the body’s reflex muscle\s in the injured area tighten to protect the specific body part/s from further damage.

The reflex can feel like a muscle spasm that goes away over time. However, in the case of reflex pain, the signals keep firing. Reflex pain can occur all over the body as the muscles overcompensate to handle the prolonged pain; secondary injuries often develop. An example could be reflex pain in the ankle caused by injury or problems in the hips and back, where the individual tries to avoid moving the ankle in a specific way to prevent and avoid the pain symptoms. Individuals with reflex pain also experience headaches and referred spine and extremity pain. Reflex pain can become a cycle of symptoms that include:

• Unusual tightness
• Stiffness
• Pain
• Contracture - hardening or shortening of the affected muscles, tendons, or other tissues.
• Decreased functional abilities.

Somatic Pain

Somatic pain causes receptors in tissues including the skin, muscles, connective tissues, joints, and skeleton to be activated. Stimuli like force trauma, vibration, extreme temperature, or inflammation/swelling activate these receptors. The pain is often described as:

• Aching
• Gnawing
• Cramping
• Sharp

Somatic pain is often localized to a particular area that is constant and stimulated by movement. There are two types.

• Superficial pain occurs when everyday injuries activate pain receptors in the skin and mucous membranes.
• Deep somatic pain occurs when stimuli activate pain receptors deeper in the body, including the tendons, joints, bones, and muscles. Deep body pain usually feels more like aching.
• Pain can be confined to a local area or radiate to other areas of the body, depending on the extent of the injury.

Somatic pain can come from a variety of different potential causes that include:

• Injury to joints or bones.
• Trauma.
• Fall or collision that damages connective tissues.
• Strained muscles from overuse.
• Bone fracture.
• Arthritis that causes swelling in the joints.
• Diseases that affect connective tissues.
• Bone or skin cancers.

Sometimes these reflexes can stay in the on position and keep the body from achieving full relaxation.

In the nervous system, a body part is stimulated, and the message travels through the spinal cord and into the brain. The information is processed, then sent back through the spinal cord to the level that activates the specific body part. The reflexes transmit faster staying at the same spinal level without having to travel to the brain and back again.

During reflex pain, the body’s muscles are unable to relax, which is necessary for motion/movement. This prolonged contraction generates added pain and causes imbalances that can decrease excitability in the muscles. This can increase the activation of brain receptors that receive pain signals to respond by telling them to shorten and contract.

Therapy

Body misalignment can cause muscles to spasm, causing the nerves to stretch in an awkward way, compress, and get twisted and tangled around other nerves or other tissues. This disrupts communication resulting in pain, illness, and ailments that can lead to other health problems. Chiropractic care can address reflex pain by realigning the spine and improving joint motion and nerve conduction.

Chiropractic restores the body to its full and proper function by activating the natural healing abilities. Manual and mechanical spinal decompression realigns the vertebrae, reducing swelling, blockages, and nerve stress. A comprehensive examination will identify potential dysfunctional areas of the body using palpitations to identify which muscles are involved. Once identified, chiropractic, massage, and physical therapy options can be prescribed to rebalance the body’s muscles, and restore their ability to contract and relax normally.

• Patient education will be provided concerning self-assessment techniques, instruction on how to treat pain, and an anti-inflammatory diet.
• An exercise and stretching program will help maintain the adjustments, keep the body flexible, and strengthen the body.
• Patients are helped to understand how to take control of their pain.

Spinal Decompression Testimonials

General Disclaimer *

The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified health care professional, or licensed physician, and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make your own healthcare decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified healthcare professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and support, directly or indirectly, our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has made a reasonable attempt to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request.

We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.

Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN*

email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com

Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico*

References

Biurrun-Manresa J, Neziry A, Curatolo M, Arendt-Nielson L, Anderson O. Test-retest reliability of the nociceptive withdrawal reflex and electrical pain thresholds after single and repeated stimulation in patients with chronic low back pain. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2011;111:83-92

Derderian C, Tadi P. Physiology, Withdrawal Response. [Updated 2021 Nov 12]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544292/

Muir, J M, and H Vernon. “Complex regional pain syndrome and chiropractic.” Journal of manipulative and physiological therapeutics vol. 23,7 (2000): 490-7. doi:10.1067/mmt.2000.108816

Neziri A, Haesler S, Steen P, et al. Generalized expansion of nociceptive reflex receptive fields in chronic pain patients. Pain. 2010;151(3):798-805

Szynkowicz, Peter, and Anthony Petrucci 4th. “Chiropractic Care of a Patient With Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type 1 (CRPS-1): A Case Report.” Journal of chiropractic medicine vol. 19,2 (2020): 145-151. doi:10.1016/j.jcm.2020.05.001

Yezierski R, Vierck C. Reflex and pain behaviors are not equivalent: Lessons from spinal cord injury. Pain. 2010;151(3):569-577

Sciatica is a radiculopathy, which is irritation of the nerve as it exits the spine and is typically caused by compression/pinching along the nerve's path. Most sciatica cases improve within a few weeks of the injury incident. Left untreated, it can become chronic sciatica and can have long-term repercussions and effects. A herniated disc is the most common cause if it bulges next to the nerve; it can pinch off the nerve or leak fluid onto the nerve, causing inflammation, swelling, pain, numbness, and weakness. Another common cause is spinal stenosis. As the body ages, the canal through which the nerve and spinal cord run can begin to narrow, placing pressure on the nerves. Then there are muscle spasms, spinal fractures, and spinal cancer. Anything that changes the curvature of the spine, including pregnancy, can cause sciatica.

Repercussions From Sciatica

The repercussions can vary or be a combination that includes:

Chronic Pain

The pain can be anywhere along the nerve; typically, it travels from the lower spine through the buttocks, down the back of the leg, and into the foot.

• The condition can cause various types of pain: Burning, electrical, or shooting pain in the low back.
• Symptoms can come and go and may present only when sitting, standing, lying, or engaged in a particular activity.
• The severity of the pain can vary from mild to severe, mildly uncomfortable, to limiting function.

Posture Problems

• When the body experiences chronic pain in a localized area, the body's natural reaction is to avoid placing pressure, twisting or bending, or using a specific body part, manipulating healthy posture or walking gait to protect the low back or legs from pain.
• This is referred to as muscle/posture guarding, which removes pressure from the site but alters the body's natural alignment, affecting the spine's characteristics and causing adverse side effects, like upper back and neck pain, headaches, and fatigue.
• Unhealthy and awkward postures can negatively affect digestion, organ function, and breathing.

Loss of Balance

• Sciatica commonly causes numbness and tingling in the leg, calf, foot, and toes.
• The hidden danger behind numbness; it alters the body's proprioception or awareness of its position.
• When proprioception becomes inhibited or altered, communication signals from the body to the brain/vice versa get jumbled/interrupted, confusing the brain, throwing the body off balance.
• This can result in falling injuries.

Numbness or Weakness

• Sciatica is more problematic if the pain comes with neurological symptoms like numbness, muscle, or leg weakness.
• This means there is an increased level of possible nerve damage if muscular weakness, which requires aggressive treatment.

Declining Reflexes

• Depending on where the nerve is compressed, pain and numbness can affect the lower leg area and feet.
• Damage to the nerve can cause the inability to flex the foot up.
• The knee-jerk reflex, known as the patellar reflex, is the kicking motion of the lower leg when tapped on the patellar tendon.
• Sciatica can numb the area, causing a delayed reaction or severe unresponsiveness to stimulation.

Permanent Nerve Damage

• If left untreated, neurological symptoms like numbness and leg weakness can progress to permanent nerve damage.
• However, this happens rarely but explains the importance of taking the injury seriously so full recovery is achievable.

Non-Surgical Sciatica Relief

General Disclaimer *

The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified health care professional, or licensed physician, and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make your own healthcare decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified healthcare professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and support, directly or indirectly, our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has made a reasonable attempt to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request.

We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.

Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN*

email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com

Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico*

References

Berry, James A et al. "A Review of Lumbar Radiculopathy, Diagnosis, and Treatment." Cureus vol. 11,10 e5934. Oct 17 2019, doi:10.7759/cureus.5934

Davis D, Maini K, Vasudevan A. Sciatica. [Updated 2022 Feb 4]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507908/

Giuffre BA, Jeanmonod R. Anatomy, Sciatic Nerve. [Updated 2021 Jul 29]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482431/

Nori, Subhadra L. and Michael F. Stretanski. "Foot Drop." StatPearls, StatPearls Publishing, Dec 15, 2021.

Introduction

With trillions of nerves that are inhibiting the body, the nervous system is consist of the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system, and its job is to make sure that the neuron signals are traveling to and fro from the brain to the entire body. When there is an unwanted pathogen that enters the body and starts to disrupt the neuron signals, it can cause a variety of neurodegenerative disorders and neuropathic problems to affect the body over time. In this 2 part series, we will be taking a look at what is neuropathic pain and its symptoms. In Part 1, we discussed and understand what is polyneuropathy and how different polyneuropathies can affect the body. By referring patients to qualified and skilled providers who specialized in neurological services. To that end, and when appropriate, we advise our patients to refer to our associated medical providers based on their examination. We find that education is the key to asking valuable questions to our providers. Dr. Alex Jimenez DC provides this information as an educational service only. Disclaimer

Can my insurance cover it? Yes, in case you are uncertain here is the link to all the insurance providers we cover. If you have any questions, please call Dr. Jimenez at 915-850-0900.

What Is Neuropathic Pain?

When there is pain that is radiating from the nerves, the spinal cord, or the brain, it is known as neuropathic pain. This type of pain doesn’t originate in the bones, muscles, or organs but is a direct consequence of diseases that is affecting the somatosensory system. Research studies have shown that neuropathic pain is caused by various central and peripheral nerve disorders that cause lesions in the nervous system. This can be problematic for individuals who have neuropathic pain because it can cause the body to appear normal but can be experienced in other parts of the body. Other research studies have found that neuropathic pain can cause mild to severe pain symptoms that can distort existing neuron signals, create new ones, or even prevent the neuron signals from transferring throughout the entire body.

The Symptoms

Since neuropathic pain in the body is chronic and is due to damaged nerves, research shows that even though neuropathic pain is a chronic progressive nerve disorder that can occur from injuries or infections that affect the body, it can send unprompted signals to the brain causing it to be dysfunctional. Other symptoms that neuropathic pain can cause to the body include:

• Numbness
• Burning pain
• Sleep difficulty
• Hypoalgesia
• Allodynia( cold pain)
• Metabolic disorders
• Inflammatory disorders

General Disclaimer *

The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified health care professional, licensed physician, and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make your own health care decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified health care professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and support, directly or indirectly, our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has made a reasonable attempt to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request.

We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.

Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN*

email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com

Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico*

A pinched nerve may not feel like it is healing. This is because of the soreness, aches, discomfort, and tingling feelings/sensations around the affected area. This could be the neck, shoulder, arm, hands, back, legs, and feet. However, when the achiness and tingling move around and shift, it is a sign of the pinched nerve healing.

Amount of Time For Pinched Nerve Healing

Waiting for the nerve to heal is not a recommended treatment option, as most pinched nerves do not fully recover on their own. A pinched nerve usually takes around six weeks to heal with proper treatment. The longer the nerve stays pinched, the more likely there will be permanent damage. To keep the pinched nerve from returning and getting worse, individuals are recommended to incorporate a pre-habilitation plan that involves continuing rehabilitation exercises to strengthen and keep the muscles, ligaments, and nerves loose, and adjusting posture, work, exercise, and diet habits to prevent re-injuring the nerve or cause new injury/s. 

Common Nerve Sites

Nerves run throughout the body, so it’s possible to experience a pinched nerve anywhere. The most common pinched nerve sites occur at joints where there is constant movement. These areas include:

• Neck
• Shoulders
• Lower Back
• Arms
• Hands
• Feet

Healing Signs

Individuals often believe that their pinched nerve is getting worse because of soreness, aches and pains, and weird sensations. When the pain stays in one area, that could be a sign that the nerve has not been fully stretched/released and/or that there is still compression taking place. Treatment and healing include feeling the symptoms but in a different way. 

The symptoms will move up, down, or around depending on where the pinched nerve is. Treatment takes the nerve/s and stretches/elongates them, but the pinch created a nerve crimp, crease, fold that wants to return to the pinched position. 

This is why continued treatment and stretching are recommended, as a spasm, trauma, or some awkward movement can cause the nerve to re-fold to the pinched position or cause a whole new pinch.

Chiropractic Release

Chiropractic treats pinched/compressed nerves with several therapeutic modalities. These include:

• Body Adjustments
• Flexion-distraction
• Therapeutic massage
• Traction
• Inversion
• Laser therapy
• Ultrasound

Combined, these methods can help heal pinched nerves and keep them from recurring.

Body Composition

Skeletal Muscle

Skeletal muscle is a major muscle group. These muscles are attached to the bone by the tendons. Skeletal muscles incorporate nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue to operate as a unit. Each skeletal muscle consists of cells that come together that form bundles of skeletal muscle fibers.

• Strength training stimulates the muscle fibers. When combined with proper nutrition causes hypertrophy/muscle growth.
• Muscles contract and shorten to pull bones and joints, allowing body movement.
• The nervous system signals the nerves in the muscle/s and triggers these contractions.
• Skeletal muscle helps the body:
• Maintain posture
• Generate body heat
• Stability to the bones and joints

General Disclaimer *

The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified health care professional, licensed physician, and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make your own health care decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified health care professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and support, directly or indirectly, our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has made a reasonable attempt to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request.

We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.

Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN*

email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com

Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico*

References

Bowley, Michael P, and Christopher T Doughty. “Entrapment Neuropathies of the Lower Extremity.” The Medical clinics of North America vol. 103,2 (2019): 371-382. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2018.10.013

Campbell, W. “Diagnosis and management of common compression and entrapment neuropathies.” Neurologic clinics vol. 15,3 (1997): 549-67. doi:10.1016/s0733-8619(05)70333-9

England, J D. “Entrapment neuropathies.” Current opinion in neurology vol. 12,5 (1999): 597-602. doi:10.1097/00019052-199910000-00014

Kane, Patrick M et al. “Double Crush Syndrome.” The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons vol. 23,9 (2015): 558-62. doi:10.5435/JAAOS-D-14-00176

Back pain and soreness are widespread conditions that affect all genders, races, and lifestyles. The causes for back pain are varied from injury, poor posture, arthritis, age, overuse, etc. If back pain is frequent, perhaps the last assumption is that the pain could be caused by cancer. While it’s far from the most common causes, cancer back pain is possible, which makes consulting a doctor that will figure out the root cause, especially if there are other non-related symptoms, and treat the back pain very important.

Cancer Back Pain

Back pain that could be caused by cancer usually occurs with other symptoms and include:

• Back pain that is not related to movement.
• Pain does not get worse with activity.
• Back pain usually presents at night or early in the morning and fades away or improves as the day progresses.
• Back pain persists even after physical therapy or other treatments.
• Changes in bowel movements or blood in urine or stool.
• Unexplained, sudden weight loss.
• Unexplained fatigue/exhaustion.
• Weakness, tingling, or numbness in the arms or legs.
• Back pain does not have to be severe to be cancer, as it can range in severity.
• Having a family history of cancer and these symptoms can increase the risk.

Types of Cancer That Can Contribute To Back Pain

Types of cancer that can form around, in, and near the spine can cause back pain. These include:

Spinal Tumor

• A spinal tumor can grow in the spinal bone or the membranes around the spinal cord.
• The spine is a common source for bone metastasis, where cancer starts in one location and spreads to others.
• 30 to 70 percent of individuals with cancer spreads to the spine, according to the American Association of Neurological Surgeons - AANS.

Lung

• Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers that can spread to the spine.
• A lung tumor can press on the spine, affecting nerve transmissions.
• An individual with lung cancer may notice becoming tired/fatigued more easily, shortness of breath, coughing up blood, and back pain.

Breast

• Rare but possible breast cancer symptom.
• Breast cancers can metastasize to the back.
• Like lung cancers, some breast cancer tumors can press on nerves connected to the spine, causing discomfort and pain.

Gastrointestinal

• Cancers of the stomach, colon, and rectum can cause back pain.
• The pain radiates from where the cancer is to the back.

Tissue and Blood Cancers

Blood and tissue cancers like:

• Multiple myeloma
• Lymphoma
• Melanoma
• Can cause back pain.

Diagnosing Cancer and Back Pain

Medical treatments for back pain-related cancer depend on its type and how advanced it is. A doctor will consider symptoms and medical history when diagnosing possible back pain causes. Because cancer is a rare cause of back pain, a doctor may recommend various treatments before a full cancer work-up. The doctor may order imaging studies and blood testing if the pain persists after chiropractic, physical therapy, or anti-inflammatory medications. These tests will help identify potential cancer markers causing back pain.

• Treatments usually include chemotherapy and radiation to shrink a tumor.
• A doctor will recommend surgery to remove a tumor.

Chiropractic

Cancer patients have found chiropractic treatment to be effective for:

• Pain management.
• Flexibility improvement.
• Mobility improvement.
• Strengthening muscles.
• Helping to reduce stress.
• Helping the body function more efficiently.

Chiropractic physiotherapy benefits patients undergoing chemotherapy, as it helps the body withstand the debilitating effects of the treatment based on the whole-body approach.

Body Composition

Don’t Hate Dieting

Individuals hate dieting, usually because they go about it the wrong way. Individuals do not need to starve themselves and live at the gym. Reaching quick weight loss goals might sound appealing; however, going through it for an extended time can make individuals feel:

• Tired
• Depressed
• Unmotivated

Individuals can find a nutrition plan/exercise balance that works for them and their lifestyle. For some individuals, dieting alone is effective, but more than likely, they have increased metabolisms. Trying to lose fat by only cutting calories can be difficult for individuals with smaller metabolisms. The goal is to find a balance between diet and exercise. This does not mean having to go on an extreme diet, skip meals, or cut out entire macronutrient groups like fat or carbs, as the body needs both of these nutrients. Finding a sustainable long-term nutrition plan takes planning and support. A dietician, nutritionist, or health coach can offer a variety of nutrition and exercise plans customized to the individual.

General Disclaimer *

The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified health care professional, licensed physician, and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make your own health care decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified health care professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and support, directly or indirectly, our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has made a reasonable attempt to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request.

We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.

Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN*

email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com

Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico*

References

Downie, Aron et al. “Red flags to screen for malignancy and fracture in patients with low back pain: a systematic review.” BMJ (Clinical research ed.) vol. 347 f7095. 11 Dec. 2013, doi:10.1136/bmj.f7095

Mabry, Lance M et al. “Metastatic cancer mimicking mechanical low back pain: a case report.” The Journal of manual & manipulative therapy vol. 22,3 (2014): 162-9. doi:10.1179/2042618613Y.0000000056

Vasser, Melinda, and Matthew Koroscil. “When Back Pain Turns Deadly: An Unusual Presentation of Lung Cancer.” Respiratory medicine case reports vol. 29 101009. 28 Jan. 2020, doi:10.1016/j.rmcr.2020.101009

Verhagen, Arianne P et al. “Red flags presented in current low back pain guidelines: a review.” The European spine journal: official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society vol. 25,9 (2016): 2788-802. doi:10.1007/s00586-016-4684-0

Arthritis can be a debilitating disease that interferes with everyday life. There are over 20% of adults aged 65 and older that have arthritis along with all the symptoms like pain, stiffness, swelling, and decreased range of motion. The most commonly affected joints include the shoulders, hands, spine, hips, and knees. Arthritis results from damage to joint cartilage from various factors such as age, wear and tear, injury, being overweight, and disease. Medication and surgery are the most common treatment options. An arthritis chiropractor can offer a conservative, natural, non-invasive option to manage symptoms.

Arthritis Chiropractor Helps By

While arthritis, either caused by wear and tear - Osteoarthritis or disease - Rheumatoid Arthritis cannot be cured. An arthritis chiropractor can help manage symptoms and prevent progression. Chiropractors are trained to use various techniques to help alleviate pain and tension, including arthritis. Chiropractic treatment aims to alleviate pain by adjusting, massaging, and realigning the musculoskeletal system to relieve stress, stretch the muscles, ligaments, tendons, and restore balance within the body. They open the body to allow proper/optimal nerve energy and blood circulation. This is beneficial for arthritic joints to reduce unnecessary strain, translating to reduced wear on the joints and keeping the body active.

Benefits

There are significant benefits that regular chiropractic treatment can offer. These include:

• Restored range of motion
• Joint pain relief
• Inflammation alleviation
• Improved nerve function for optimal tissue healing
• Improved biomechanics
• Improved flexibility

Treatment

After an in-depth assessment, the chiropractor will recommend the best treatment options. Treatments include:

Pain Management

• Pain relief is possible without medications with options like:
• Electrical stimulation
• Percussive massage
• Traction therapy
• Heating pads

Chiropractic Adjustments and Physical Therapy

• Regular adjustments will keep the body optimally aligned and functioning smoothly.
• Arthritis chiropractors can recognize the most subtle changes.

Lifestyle Adjustments

• Healthy lifestyle adjustments help manage arthritis.
• Guidance on healthy habits that include:
• Anti-inflammatory foods
• Weight loss
• Proper sleep habits
• Exercise training
• Stress management

The sooner chiropractic care is sought out, the better to prevent symptoms from worsening. Chiropractic can generate great results with less need for medication/s or surgery.

Body Composition

Identifying The Risk of Sarcopenia and Decreased Mobility

As the body ages, it begins to lose muscle mass, and as more sedentary behavior is adopted, the rate of loss increases along with age-related injury. Identifying these age-related changes in muscle and how they relate to frailty risk can be challenging to identify and track. By accurately measuring fat-free mass in each region of the body, Skeletal Muscle Index - SMI quickly specifies muscle mass and frailty risk. Sarcopenia and frailty specifically affect the elderly population, affecting mortality, cognitive function, and quality of life. Loss of muscle in the arms and legs is associated with:

• Reductions in mobility
• Increased risk of falls
• Frailty
• Extended hospital stays

Falls and fractures frequently result in a cycle of muscle deterioration. Analysis tools can help track body composition changes to minimize muscle wasting and the risk of impaired mobility. Assessing skeletal muscle mass in outpatient and hospital settings can decrease debilitating outcomes before they happen. The InBody analysis is quick and easy, providing a calculation for skeletal muscle index and the sum of the lean mass in the arms and legs. The ease of performing the InBody test provides physicians more time to work with and educate individuals on adopting lifestyle changes to help prevent sarcopenia.

General Disclaimer *

The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified health care professional, licensed physician, and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make your own health care decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified health care professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and support, directly or indirectly, our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has made a reasonable attempt to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request.

We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.

Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN*

email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com

Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico*

References

Aletaha, Daniel. “Precision medicine and management of rheumatoid arthritis.” Journal of autoimmunity vol. 110 (2020): 102405. doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102405

Beasley, Jeanine. “Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: conservative therapeutic management.” Journal of hand therapy: official journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists vol. 25,2 (2012): 163-71; quiz 172. doi:10.1016/j.jht.2011.11.001

Demoruelle, M Kristen, and Kevin D Deane. “Treatment strategies in early rheumatoid arthritis and prevention of rheumatoid arthritis.” Current rheumatology reports vol. 14,5 (2012): 472-80. doi:10.1007/s11926-012-0275-1

Kavuncu, Vural, and Deniz Evcik. “Physiotherapy in rheumatoid arthritis.” MedGenMed: Medscape general medicine vol. 6,2 3. 17 May. 2004

Moon, Jeong Jae et al. “New Skeletal Muscle Mass Index in Diagnosis of Sarcopenia.” Journal of bone metabolism vol. 25,1 (2018): 15-21. doi:10.11005/jbm.2018.25.1.15

Muscle spasms also referred to as muscle cramps, are painful contractions and tightening of the muscles. They are common, involuntary, and unpredictable. Temperature drops and cold weather can cause the muscles and joints to contract and tighten, leading to spasms and pain. Chiropractic, physical therapy massage, exercises, stretching, and an anti-inflammatory diet can bring relief and help strengthen the muscles to prevent future episodes.

Muscle Spasms

Spasms are common and can affect any of the muscles. They can involve part of a muscle, all of a muscle, or several muscles in a group. Spasms occur when the muscle/s involuntary and forcibly contract uncontrollably and are unable to relax. The most common sites for muscle spasms include:

• Hands
• Arms
• Abdomen
• Back
• Legs
• Thighs
• Calves
• Thighs
• Feet

How Cold Affects the Muscles

As the weather gets colder, this causes the muscles in the body to lose heat, causing them to contract. As a result, the muscles and joints become tighter, stiffer, and decrease mobility and range of motion. This forces the muscles to work harder than usual to compensate. This can increase the fatigue of the muscles, leading to more prolonged bouts of pain and discomfort after physical activity, movement, exercise, etc.

Symptoms and Causes

 A cramp can last a few seconds or last up to 15 minutes. During a muscle spasm, the following may be experienced:

• Twitching in the muscle.
• Pain in the muscle.
• Throbbing.
• Hardness and/or stiffness.
• The muscles appear physically distorted.

Because the muscles have to work harder, the cold weather can increase muscle spasms. One of the most common causes of muscle spasms is overuse and fatigue. However, exact causes vary from person to person. Some experts believe that one or more of the following contribute to the spasms/cramps, and they include:

• Dehydration.
• Stress.
• Not stretching the body regularly.
• Muscle fatigue.
• Restricted blood circulation.
• Involuntary nerve discharge/s.
• Over-exercising.
• Exercising in the heat.
• Exhaustion of salts and minerals:
• Potassium
• Magnesium
• Calcium

Possible causes for leg cramps at night or nocturnal leg cramps specifically include:

• Sitting for too long without moving around to keep circulation healthy.
• Sitting with unhealthy posture.
• Overusing the muscles.
• Standing or working on hard floors.

Dealing With The Cold

One way to deal with the cold is to warm up before any physical activity. Taking a few minutes to get the heart rate up can increase the blood flow and flexibility of the muscles. This will ensure the muscles are functioning correctly and avoid the need to work harder to stop spasms. When a cramp strikes, there are a few steps to try to alleviate the spasm:

• Stretching the affected area.
• Massaging the affected area manually with a massage roller, percussive massager.
• Stand up.
• Move around.
• Apply heat or ice.
• A warm bath, shower with massage setting if possible.
• Ibuprofen and acetaminophen.
• Vitamin B12 complex can help prevent cramps.

Body Composition

Getting Back To Fitness

Get back into regular exercising with a few tips for making the transition as smooth as possible.

Start Slow

• Don't try to jump back into exercise in attempting to crush out a challenging workout.
• Commit to a few light workouts a week that integrate stretching pre and post-exercise.
• Over-exerting the body increases the risk of injuries, motivation loss, and prolonged exhaustion.

Create a Workout Schedule That Works For You

• Routines and habits can help stay on track.
• Build a sustainable exercise routine to stay focused and committed.
• Find times that work.

General Disclaimer *

The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified health care professional, licensed physician, and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make your own health care decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified health care professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and support, directly or indirectly, our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has made a reasonable attempt to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request.

We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.

Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN*

email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com

Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico*

References

American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Muscle Cramp. (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00200) Accessed 3/1/2021.

American Association of Osteopathy. Muscle Cramp—A Common Pain. (http://www.osteopathic.org/osteopathic-health/about-your-health/health-conditions-library/general-health/Pages/muscle-cramp.aspx) Accessed 3/1/2021.

Herzberg J. Stevermer J. Treatments for Nocturnal Leg Cramps. (https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/1001/od3.pdf) Am Fam Physician 2017;96(7):468-469. Accessed 3/1/2021.

Young G. Leg Cramps. (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4429847/) BMJ Clin Evid 2015; May 13;1113. Accessed 3/1/2021.

Polymyositis is a disease that causes the body's muscles to become irritated and inflamed. It can affect the muscles all over the body. The muscles gradually begin to break down and weaken, making everyday movements difficult. This disease falls into a category known as inflammatory myopathies.

Polymyositis Unknown Causation

The causes of polymyositis are currently unknown. However, experts believe it could be associated with or triggered by a virus or an autoimmune reaction. An autoimmune response is when the body attacks itself along with the body's tissues. It's seen in individuals ages 31 to 60 and is rarely seen in individuals younger than 18. In some instances, medication can lead to an allergic reaction/response that causes muscle irritation and damage. But in most cases, healthcare experts are not able to find the exact cause.

Symptoms

The condition can affect the muscles all over the body. Physical activities like walking, getting up from a chair, or lifting objects can become difficult to perform. It can also affect the muscles that allow for eating and breathing. The muscles at the center of the body tend to be affected the most. Common symptoms include:

• Muscle pain.
• Muscle stiffness.
• Muscle weakness, specifically in the abdomen, shoulders, upper arms, and hips.
• Joint pain and stiffness.
• Breathing problems.
• Problems swallowing.
• Abnormal weight loss can become an issue if there are problems with swallowing.
• Irregular heart rhythms if the heart muscle/myocardium becomes inflamed.
• Individuals may notice they have trouble climbing stairs or lifting their arms.
• The inflammation can worsen, causing pain and weakness that affects the wrists, lower arms, and ankles.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis begins with the individual's medical history, family medical history if necessary, and a physical examination. The examination includes seeing and feeling the strength of the muscles. Tests will be required that include:

Blood Tests

• Blood tests allow the doctor to see if there are signs of muscle inflammation.
• They also show if there are abnormal proteins that form in autoimmune diseases.

Electromyogram EMG

• This test can be used to find abnormal electrical activity in the affected muscles.

MRI

• Magnets and computer graphic imagery are used to help the doctor inspect for inflammation in the body.

Muscle Biopsy

• A small piece of muscle tissue is removed to be analyzed with a microscope.

Treatment

Treatment depends on how severe the condition is, individual symptoms, age, and overall health. Currently, there is no cure for polymyositis, but symptoms can be managed. Individuals are recommended to utilize more than one type of treatment because the treatment plan may also need to be changed as treatment progresses. Treatments include:

Anti-inflammatory Medication

Steroid medication can help manage the disease and reduce symptoms, and corticosteroids can help ease inflammation in the body. The symptoms improve within 4 to 6 weeks, and a healthcare provider can lower the dosage after the symptoms decrease to reduce and ease any side effects.

Immunosuppressive Medication

• These medications block or slow down the body's immune system responses.
• Talk with a doctor about the risks, benefits, and side effects of all medications.

Chiropractic and Physical therapy

• Chiropractic treatment and physical therapy can help:
• Aligning the spine to provide optimal nerve energy and blood circulation.
• Therapeutic massage to stimulate and keep the muscles loose.
• Specific exercises to help stretch and strengthen the muscles.
• These can help keep the muscles from shrinking.

Heat therapy and Rest

• Heat therapy and allowing the body to rest thoroughly can help decrease pain symptoms.

Special Braces 

• Body, hip, and leg braces can help support the muscles and help with mobility.

Complications

Polymyositis left untreated can lead to severe complications. The muscles become weaker, increasing the risk of falling and limiting daily activities.

• If the chest muscles are affected, there could be problems with breathing that can lead to respiratory failure.
• If the digestive tract is affected, malnutrition and unintentional weight loss can result.
• Polymyositis poorly managed well can cause severe disability.

Body Composition

Nutrition and Muscle Growth

Protein

• Protein is the foundation for gaining muscle.
• This essential component is for all of the body's daily functions.
• It is essential to balance protein increase with overall diet.

Complex Carbs

• Carbs are the body's fuel source.
• Carbs should be a daily element of nutritional intake because they are the primary component.
• Acquiring energy
• Preventing muscle weakness and degradation

Consuming Carbs

• Understanding how accurate results only happen when both sides work together.
• Healthy consumption of protein and carbohydrates can help muscle growth and sustain optimal health for all body types.

General Disclaimer *

The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified health care professional, licensed physician, and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make your own health care decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified health care professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and support, directly or indirectly, our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has made a reasonable attempt to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request.

We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.

Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN*

email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com

Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico*

References

Corrado, Bruno et al. “Supervised Physical Therapy and Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis-A Systematic Review of the Literature.” Neurology international vol. 12,3 77-88. 24 Nov. 2020, doi:10.3390/neurolint12030015

Findlay, Andrew R et al. “An overview of polymyositis and dermatomyositis.” Muscle & nerve vol. 51,5 (2015): 638-56. doi:10.1002/mus.24566

Sasaki, Hirokazu, and Hitoshi Kohsaka. “Current diagnosis and treatment of polymyositis and dermatomyositis.” Modern rheumatology vol. 28,6 (2018): 913-921. doi:10.1080/14397595.2018.1467257

Van Thillo, Anna et al. “Physical therapy in adult inflammatory myopathy patients: a systematic review.” Clinical rheumatology vol. 38,8 (2019): 2039-2051. doi:10.1007/s10067-019-04571-9

Optimal nervous system health is the key to maximum body function and overall health. Individuals don’t really think about their nervous system until symptoms from injury, disease, or nerve problems present. The nervous system consists of billions of neurons that connect/network the brain with the rest of the body.

Nervous System Health

All of the body's systems, organs, and tissues have nerves attached to them. The brain engages with this network to control and coordinate bodily functions. Functions include:

• Heart
• Lungs
• Immune system
• Digestive system
• Reproductive system

Every function the body performs requires brain-body communication through the nervous system. The brain communicates with the nervous system to regulate the body to the environment it is in. For example:

• If it’s hot, the body sweats.
• If it’s cold, the body shivers.
• If there is danger, the fight or flight response activates.
• All are directed by the brain transmitting signals and messages through the nervous system.

Body Function

Optimal body function means that all bodily functions are normal, active, and healthy. Everything is working as it should. When the body functions at less than 100%, it can develop into more serious problems little by little. Like a vehicle that starts making a little sound that seems like nothing, then after a few days, weeks, months, it becomes a massive popping, grinding, starting, stopping, emergency, when vital information that regulates function gets lost in transmission from the brain to the body, health declines.

Flowing Spinal Highway

The vital information/communication between the brain and the body flow through the spinal column. The super information highway/spinal cord travels down the spinal column. Branching off the spinal cord are spinal nerve roots that go to every system, organ, and tissue in the body. The spinal bones are lined up like an electrical conduit channel for the spinal cord. The vertebrae should be lined up and move properly, allowing optimal blood and nerve circulation without any obstruction or interference.

When the spine shifts out of place, creating misalignment, moving properly becomes hindered, causing discomfort and pain, along with the vital communication needed to regulate maximum function not able to get through. This leads to malfunction within the body and decreases health and well-being. Spinal misalignment that interferes with nerve message transmission is called a vertebral subluxation. Chiropractic healthcare professionals are trained to detect and correct spinal subluxations. They realign the spine's bones to restore nervous system health and internal communication for proper body function.

Body Composition

Prebiotics Can Help With

Inflammation

Inflammation is a normal function of the immune system; however, chronic inflammation can cause damage to the body. Chronic inflammation is associated with:

• Obesity
• Heart disease
• Cancer
• Other diseases and conditions.

Having a balance of healthy gut microbiota helps decrease chronic inflammation and the risk of disease.

Gastrointestinal Diseases and Conditions

Prebiotics also ferment in the colon producing short-chain fatty acids. These provide energy for the colon’s epithelial cells that line and protect the colon. Prebiotics increase the protection provided by the epithelial cells, reducing the risk for gastrointestinal conditions like:

• Irritable Bowel Syndrome - IBS
• Crohn’s disease
• Cancer.
• Prebiotics can also reduce symptoms of gastrointestinal conditions.

Neurological System

The central nervous system is also known as the brain and spinal cord. However, many do not know about the enteric nervous system, which includes the gastrointestinal tract. The link between the enteric and central nervous systems involves cognitive and emotional functions. Prebiotics increase and promote healthy gut microbiota to help manage:

• Mood
• Learning
• Memory
• Certain psychological disorders

General Disclaimer *

The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified health care professional, licensed physician, and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make your own health care decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified health care professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and support, directly or indirectly, our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has made a reasonable attempt to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request.

We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.

Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN*

email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com

Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico*

References

Cerdó, Tomás et al. “Probiotic, Prebiotic, and Brain Development.” Nutrients vol. 9,11 1247. 14 Nov. 2017, doi:10.3390/nu9111247

Chu, Eric Chun Pu, and Michelle Ng. “Long-term relief from tension-type headache and major depression following chiropractic treatment.” Journal of family medicine and primary care vol. 7,3 (2018): 629-631. doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_68_18

Kiani, Aysha Karim et al. “Neurobiological basis of chiropractic manipulative treatment of the spine in the care of major depression.” Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis vol. 91,13-S e2020006. 9 Nov. 2020, doi:10.23750/abm.v91i13-S.10536

Maltese, Paolo Enrico et al. “Molecular foundations of chiropractic therapy.” Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis vol. 90,10-S 93-102. 30 Sep. 2019, doi:10.23750/abm.v90i10-S.8768

Wirth, Brigitte et al. “Neurophysiological Effects of High Velocity and Low Amplitude Spinal Manipulation in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Humans: A Systematic Literature Review.” Spine vol. 44,15 (2019): E914-E926. doi:10.1097/BRS.0000000000003013

Aging Arthritis: How the body changes as the years go by is determined by an individual's diet, physical activity/exercise, genetics, stress levels, sleep patterns, and self-care. As the body ages, natural degeneration from everyday wear and tear will present. The focus is on understanding how age-related degeneration can affect the body and what to do to prevent and treat it.

Aging Arthritis

Arthritis refers to joint inflammation and is the fundamental cause of various disorders that include:

• Osteoarthritis
• Fibromyalgia
• Infectious arthritis
• Gout - metabolic arthritis
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Lupus
• Childhood arthritis

Inflammation is just one symptom usually accompanied by swelling, pain, stiffness, immobility, and loss of function.

Osteoarthritis

• The most common type of arthritis is osteoarthritis, where the cartilage within joints begins to break down, and the bones begin to reshape.
• It's known as degenerative joint disease/wear and tear arthritis.
• The hands, hips, and knees are the most commonly affected joints.
• These changes often develop slowly but worsen if not treated.
• Symptoms include intense pain, stiffness, and swelling.

Fibromyalgia

• Fibromyalgia is a condition that causes pain in various areas of the body, sleep problems, and fatigue.
• Individuals with fibromyalgia can be more sensitive to pain sensations.
• Treatments and management plans are available to help ease symptoms and restor function.

Infectious Arthritis

• Infectious arthritis or septic arthritis is caused by an infection in the joints.
• Bacteria from another area of the body can invade a joint or the fluid surrounding it.
• Bacteria can enter the body from open wounds, injections, or surgery.
• Infectious arthritis is usually only present in one joint.
• Staphylococcus aureus is a bacteria that lives on healthy skin and is the cause of most infectious arthritis cases.
• A virus or fungus can also generate arthritic inflammatory symptoms.

Gout

• Gout is a common type of arthritis that causes inflammation and pain.
• It usually only affects one joint, most commonly the big toe joint.
• Symptoms can intensify, known as flares, and other periods with no symptoms, known as remission.
• Recurrent gout episodes can degenerate into gouty arthritis, a more serious form of arthritis.

Rheumatoid Arthritis

• Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune and inflammatory disease in which the immune system attacks healthy cells, causing inflammation.
• Rheumatoid arthritis attacks numerous joints simultaneously, specifically in the hands, wrists, and knees.
• Rheumatoid arthritis causes the joint lining to become inflamed and starts to damage nearby tissues.
• Tissue damage that is severe or chronic enough can cause pain, balance problems, and visible deformities.
• Rheumatoid arthritis can also affect organs, like the lungs, heart, and eyes, by causing inflammation.

Lupus

• Lupus is an autoimmune disease that affects various body systems.
• An autoimmune disease is when the immune system mistakes its tissues for bacterial, viral, or fungal intruders and attacks them.
• Lupus symptoms can be vague, making the disease hard to diagnose.
• The disease is known as the great imitator because symptoms can mimic other diseases.
• Symptoms range from mild to life-threatening.
• Seeing a rheumatologist is recommended, as they are specialists that can diagnose and treat arthritis, lupus, and other joint-related diseases.

Childhood Arthritis

• Arthritis in children is known as juvenile or childhood arthritis.
• Juvenile idiopathic arthritis/juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is the most frequent form.
• The condition can cause long-term joint damage that can lead to disability.

Aging Arthritis and Chiropractic Care

Chiropractic care is recommended for the treatment of any form of arthritis. Chiropractic care can work with other therapies to reduce swelling and inflammation, alleviate pain, and improve mobility and flexibility.

• A chiropractor will utilize body imagery before beginning treatment.
• Imaging gives insight into the condition of the joints, and the visual, combined with a self-report from the individual, allows the chiropractor to create a personalized treatment plan.
• Once a chiropractor has identified which techniques the body can handle, treatment will commence that can include:
• Therapeutic massage
• Percussive massage
• Ultrasound
• Electrotherapy
• Low-level cold laser therapy
• Infrared heat

A chiropractor's objective is to rebalance, realign and strengthen the body, relieve pressure or stress at the junction of the joints, and expedite healing and rehabilitation.

LLT Laser Therapy

General Disclaimer *

The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified healthcare professional or licensed physician and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make healthcare decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified healthcare professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and directly or indirectly support our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has reasonably attempted to provide supportive citations and identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request.

We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.

Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN*

email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com

Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico*

References

Abyad, A, and J T Boyer. "Arthritis and aging." Current opinion in rheumatology vol. 4,2 (1992): 153-9. doi:10.1097/00002281-199204000-00004

Chalan, Paulina, et al. "Rheumatoid Arthritis, Immunosenescence and the Hallmarks of Aging." Current aging science vol. 8,2 (2015): 131-46. doi:10.2174/1874609808666150727110744

Goronzy, Jorg J et al. "Immune aging, and rheumatoid arthritis." Rheumatic diseases clinics of North America vol. 36,2 (2010): 297-310. doi:10.1016/j.rdc.2010.03.001

Greene, M A, and R F Loeser. "Aging-related inflammation in osteoarthritis." Osteoarthritis and cartilage vol. 23,11 (2015): 1966-71. doi:10.1016/j.joca.2015.01.008

Sacitharan, Pradeep Kumar. "Ageing and Osteoarthritis." Sub-cellular biochemistry vol. 91 (2019): 123-159. doi:10.1007/978-981-13-3681-2_6

Nerve damage is also known as peripheral neuropathy. Peripheral nerves transmit information to and from the brain through the spinal cord to the rest of the body. Nerve damage symptoms are common in the neck, arms, hands, low back, legs, and feet. Communication becomes weakened, interrupted, or no longer transmits sensation signals. Nerve damage can be a complication from conditions like diabetes or present after an injury. Injury Medical Chiropractic and Functional Medicine Clinic recognize the symptoms and can treat the injuries rehabilitating the nerves back to functional health.

Nerve Damage Symptoms

Nerve damage symptoms can happen to a single nerve or a group of nerves that can affect the rest of the body. Damage depends on the severity of the condition or injury.

• Partially damaged nerves can heal on their own with minimal treatment to ensure they heal correctly. 
• Nerves are made up of fibers called axons.
• The fibers are covered with tissues that are a type of insulation.
• Sometimes only the fibers get damaged.
• Sometimes a nerve gets stuck or jammed inside a tight space, causing irritation and, over time, scarring.

• Severe nerve damage can involve the fibers and tissues and often require surgery.

Symptoms can range from mild to severe and depend on which nerve fibers are damaged. These could be the following:

Motor nerves

• These nerves regulate all the muscles under conscious control.
• These control motor functions like walking, talking, and grabbing and holding objects.
• Damage to these nerves usually causes muscle weakness, cramps, and uncontrollable muscle twitching or spasms.

Sensory nerves

• These nerves relay sensory information, including touch, taste, smell, vision, temperature, and pain.
• Symptoms can include numbness or tingling.
• There can also be difficulties:
• Sensing pain
• Sensing temperature changes.
• Walking
• Maintaining balance with your eyes closed.
• Working with the hands.

Autonomic nerves

• This group of nerves regulates unconscious actions, including breathing, heart and thyroid function, and digestion.
• Symptoms include excessive sweating, blood pressure variations, inability to tolerate heat, and gastrointestinal issues.
• Various symptoms can be experienced as many peripheral nerve injuries affect more than one type of nerve.

Signs

Improperly functioning nerves can cause uncomfortable or painful sensations because the nerves cannot carry the correct signals from the brain to the spinal cord. The signs of nerve damage include the following:

• Feeling like you're wearing an overly tight glove or sock constricting circulation and movement.
• Numbness or tingling.
• Pins and needles or what feels like mild electrical sensations.
• Specific body/limb positions can cause or decrease numbness, tingling, or pins and needles.
• Muscle weakness.
• Dropping objects regularly.
• Sharp pains in the hands, arms, low back, legs, or feet.

Restoring Function

Chiropractic treatments can help restore function and include:

Therapeutic Massage

• Therapeutic massage will promote circulation to relieve numbness and tightness and help restore function and feeling.

Chiropractic

• Chiropractic adjustments will realign the body and keep affected muscles and joints active.

Electrical Stimulation

• Stimulators can activate injured nerves and muscles while the nerve regenerates and recovers.

Braces or Splints

• These devices could be used to maintain the position of the affected limb, fingers, hand, or foot to improve muscle function and promote healing.

Exercise

• Specifically, prescribed exercises will improve muscle strength, help to maintain range of motion, and reduce muscle cramps.

Diet

• A nutritionist will develop a personalized anti-inflammatory diet to expedite healing. 

Peripheral Therapy

General Disclaimer *

The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified healthcare professional or licensed physician and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make your own healthcare decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified healthcare professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and directly or indirectly support our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has reasonably attempted to provide supportive citations and identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request.

We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.

Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN*

email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com

Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico*

References

Chen, Zhengrong. "Progress of peripheral nerve repair." Chinese Journal of traumatology = Zhonghua Chuang Shang za Zhi vol. 5,6 (2002): 323-5.

Gordon, Tessa. "Electrical Stimulation to Enhance Axon Regeneration After Peripheral Nerve Injuries in Animal Models and Humans." Neurotherapeutics: the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics vol. 13,2 (2016): 295-310. doi:10.1007/s13311-015-0415-1

https://www.ninds.nih.gov/peripheral-neuropathy-fact-sheet

WEBB, E M. "Peripheral nerve injuries; early surgical treatment." California medicine vol. 80,3 (1954): 151-3.

Welch, J A. "Peripheral nerve injury." Seminars in veterinary medicine and surgery (small animal) vol. 11,4 (1996): 273-84. doi:10.1016/s1096-2867(96)80020-x

The body's nerves are the communication system that carries messages between the brain and the rest of the body. Some nerves transmit messages from the brain to muscles to make the body move, while others relay pain, pressure, or temperature signals. Tiny fibers bundled inside each nerve carry the messages with an outer layer/sheathing that insulates and protects the nerves. The brachial plexus is a network of nerves that send signals from the spinal cord to the shoulders, arms, and hands. A brachial plexus nerve injury occurs when the nerves are over-stretched, compressed, torn, cut, or ripped from the spinal cord.

Brachial Plexus Nerve Injury

The injury involves the head or neck hitting or getting hit and shifting to one side while the shoulder is stretched/pulled in the opposite direction.

• Minor brachial plexus injuries are commonly known as stingers or burners and are common in sports like football, wrestling, hockey, soccer, and basketball.
• Severe brachial plexus injuries can cause arm paralysis and usually result from vehicle or motorcycle accidents.
• Other conditions like inflammation or tumors can affect the brachial plexus.
• Sometimes babies can sustain brachial plexus injuries during birth.
• Pressure and stretching injuries do not physically sever the nerve but can disrupt communication.
• Cutting injuries vary depending on the severity of the cut and because the nerves are in a protective canal that can also be fractured or broken. If the canal remains intact, the nerve fibers could grow back with time.
• However, surgery is necessary to repair the damage if the canal is broken.
• A neuroma/scar tissue can develop if left unrepaired, causing pain.

Symptoms

Signs and symptoms of a brachial plexus nerve injury can vary, depending on the severity and location of the injury. Usually, only one arm is affected.

Minor Injuries

Minor damage comes from over-stretching or mild compression.

• An electric or burning sensation shoots down the arm.
• Numbness and weakness in the arm.
• Neck pain.
• These symptoms usually last for a few seconds or minutes but can linger for days or longer.

Severe Injuries

More-severe symptoms result from injuries that impact, tear, or rupture the nerves.

• The most severe injury occurs when the nerve root is torn from the spinal cord.

Symptoms include:

• Intense pain.
• Writhing neck pain.
• Weakness or inability to use specific shoulder, arm, and/or hand muscles. 
• Complete lack of movement and feeling in the shoulder, arm, and/or hand.
• Symptoms in both arms.

Complications

With time, most brachial plexus injuries in children and adults heal with minimal long-term damage. But some injuries can cause long-lasting problems that include:

Joint Stiffness

• The joints can stiffen, making movement difficult.
• Healthcare providers often recommend ongoing chiropractic and physical rehabilitation during recovery.

Atrophy

• Nerves regrow slowly and can take some time to completely heal after the injury.
• During that time, lack of use can cause the muscles to break down.

Chronic Pain

• Nerve damage can cause pain signals to be constantly firing.

Numbness

• It can occur in the arm or hand, increasing the risk of worsening the injury or causing new injuries.

Disability

• Recovery from a severe brachial plexus injury depends on age, damage, location, and severity.
• Even with surgery, individuals can experience long-term muscle weakness or paralysis.

Chiropractic Treatment and Rehabilitation

Treatment depends on the severity of the damage. Chiropractic can help realign, rehabilitate, stretch, and strengthen the muscles, nerves, tendons, joints, and ligaments to expedite recovery. For less severe injuries:

• Muscle strengthening and posture exercises help maintain motion.
• Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for pain control.
• Therapeutic massage will stimulate circulation and keep the muscles loose.

For severe injuries:

• Surgery
• Continued chiropractic and physical rehabilitation to maintain thorough circulation, range of motion, and relaxed muscles.

The Brachial Plexus

General Disclaimer *

The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified healthcare professional or licensed physician and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make your own healthcare decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified healthcare professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and directly or indirectly support our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has reasonably attempted to provide supportive citations and identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request.

We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.

Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN*

email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com

Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico*

References

Brucker, J et al. “Brachial plexus birth injury.” The Journal of neuroscience nursing: Journal of the American Association of Neuroscience Nurses vol. 23,6 (1991): 374-80. doi:10.1097/01376517-199112000-00006

Gutkowska, Olga, et al. “Brachial plexus injury after shoulder dislocation: a literature review.” Neurosurgical review vol. 43,2 (2020): 407-423. doi:10.1007/s10143-018-1001-x

Joyner, Benny, et al. “Brachial plexus injury.” Pediatrics in review vol. 27,6 (2006): 238-9. doi:10.1542/pir.27-6-238

Noland, Shelley S et al. “Adult Traumatic Brachial Plexus Injuries.” The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons vol. 27,19 (2019): 705-716. doi:10.5435/JAAOS-D-18-00433

Introduction

Everyone has dealt with acute or chronic pain at some point in their lives. The body’s response tells many of us where the pain is located and can leave the body sore as the immune system begins to heal the affected area. When disorders like autoimmune diseases start to attack the body for no reason, then that is when chronic issues and disorders begin to overlap in risk profiles on other various problems that affect both the muscles and organs. Autoimmune diseases like fibromyalgia can affect a person’s body; however, they could be associated with different issues affecting the body. Today’s article looks at fibromyalgia, how it affects the musculoskeletal system, and how chiropractic care helps manage fibromyalgia in the body. We refer patients to certified providers specializing in musculoskeletal treatments to help those with fibromyalgia. We also guide our patients by referring to our associated medical providers based on their examination when it’s appropriate. We find that education is the solution to asking our providers insightful questions. Dr. Alex Jimenez DC provides this information as an educational service only. Disclaimer

What Is Fibromyalgia?

Have you experienced excruciating pain that is spread all over your body? Do you have trouble sleeping and feel exhausted every day? Do you experience brain fog or other cognitive disturbances? Many of these issues are signs and conditions of fibromyalgia. Fibromyalgia is defined as a chronic condition that is characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain. Symptoms like fatigue, cognitive disturbances, and multiple somatic symptoms often overlap and accompany this disorder. Around two to eight percent of the world population suffers from fibromyalgia, and it affects women more than men. Sadly though, fibromyalgia is a challenge to diagnose, and the pain can last several months to years. Some of the main symptoms that fibromyalgia does to the body include:

• Muscle and joint stiffness
• General sensitivity
• Insomnia
• Cognitive dysfunction
• Mood disorders

Fibromyalgia could also potentially be associated with specific diseases like diabetes, lupus, rheumatic diseases, and musculoskeletal disorders.

General Disclaimer *

The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified health care professional, licensed physician, and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make your own health care decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified health care professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and support, directly or indirectly, our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has made a reasonable attempt to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request.

We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.

Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN*

email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com

Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico*

Even though it is not officially summer, the heat says otherwise. Individuals with neuropathy can experience flare-ups when out in the heat for extended periods. Avoiding discomfort and having fun with family and friends can be stressful. This could be graduations, park festivals, family gatherings, weddings, etc. Here are some neuropathy summer tips/recommendations to maintain a healthy, fun, and pain-free season.​

Neuropathy

Neuropathy results from damaged or destroyed nerve cells and is often a side effect associated with diabetes, autoimmune diseases, infections, tumors, and/or hereditary conditions. Also known as peripheral neuropathy, symptoms range from tingling sensations, burning pain, muscle spasms, difficulty moving the arms or legs, feelings of light headiness, and sometimes atrophy. The symptoms depend on the damaged nerves, ranging from autonomic, motor, and sensory nerves. As neuropathy progresses, individuals may begin to feel a loss of balance.

Neuropathy Summer Tips

Research and Prepare

Preparation and planning are highly recommended to prevent a flare-up. For long outdoor ceremonies:

• Wear sunscreen
• Stay fully hydrated
• Dress in cool clothes
• Make sure footwear has proper arch/sole support and breathing room.
• Wear a hat and sunglasses
• Stand periodically to ensure proper circulation if sitting for a while.
• Shift weight back and forth during the event to pump circulation throughout the body.
• Bring snacks like fruits, veggies, or gluten-free bars.
• Know where cool resting areas are located.

If cooling down accommodations are not available, get there early to find a place in the shade, or in the case of bleachers, bring a more comfortable chair, umbrella, and misting fan.

​Listen to the body

• Listen to the body when engaged in activities, don’t try to push through where you don’t feel comfortable.
• Take breaks
• The goal is to ensure comfort during the activity, as being uncomfortable can exacerbate symptoms. ​

Self-care

The body needs thorough rest after a long day in the sun. It is recommended to ice any areas where pain presents to decrease inflammation and neuroplasticity and help with any symptoms of itching, pressure, numbness, or pins and needles.

• Start with icing for three minutes, take the ice off and see how it feels.
• If the area feels better, continue icing for a full ten minutes.
• Remove the ice if irritation occurs or do not feel a difference.

Foods

Watching what you eat can be difficult at summer events. Specific foods like bread, gluten, and high-sugar products can cause symptoms.

• If it causes an upset stomach or swelling, it is recommended to avoid it.
• Go with fresh seasonal fruits and vegetables.
• A little planning can ensure you eat the food that’s best for you.
• Call ahead to let friends/family know of any food sensitivities.
• Gluten apps allow the ability to scan an item to see if it contains gluten.
• Consult a nutritionist to set up an enjoyable diet.

Chiropractic Care and Prevention

Chiropractic care for neuropathy focuses on the underlying conditions causing nerve pain and inflammation.

• Treating the inflammation alleviates the pain in the joints and extremities.
• Each treatment plan is personalized to meet the needs of every patient.
• Treatment will focus on massage, adjustments, decompression, exercises, therapies, and nutrition that expedite healing throughout the body.

Spinal Decompression Non-Surgical

General Disclaimer *

The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified health care professional, or licensed physician, and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make your own healthcare decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified healthcare professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and support, directly or indirectly, our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has made a reasonable attempt to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request.

We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.

Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN*

email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com

Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico*

References

Campbell, James N, and Richard A Meyer. “Mechanisms of neuropathic pain.” Neuron vol. 52,1 (2006): 77-92. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2006.09.021

Peripheral Neuropathy Fact Sheet https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/patient-caregiver-education/fact-sheets/peripheral-neuropathy-fact-sheet

Spinal stress can affect nerve health. Neuropathy happens when disease or damage is sustained in the nerves that transmit messages from the brain through the spinal cord to the whole body. The source of the damage can be inside the spine, where a herniated disc could be squeezing the nerves, impeding or completely blocking blood circulation until deterioration begins to disease or damage nerve receptors. Removing the pressure from the spine and reversing the stress on the nerves can be done through manual or motorized spinal decompression.

Spinal Stress and the Nerves

The peripheral nervous system is comprised of three types of nerves that are directly influenced by the central nervous system, each with a distinct function which is why there is a wide range of symptoms associated with neuropathy. The types of nerves include:

• Autonomic nerves regulate respiration, heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, bladder function, etc.
• Motor nerves control muscle movement.
• Sensory nerves receive sensations from the skin like heat, cold, pleasure, and pain.

Spinal nerves contain sensory and motor fibers giving them sensory and motor functions. The spinal nerves receive sensory messages from the skin, internal organs, and bones. Any disruption from a bent, crushed, or entangled nerve group will not allow proper blood circulation and message transmission, causing delayed responses, tingling, numbness, and pain. If left untreated, it could cause permanent damage that can lead to chronic pain. Decompression therapy accelerates healing as it floods the spine with blood, oxygen, and nutrients.

Peripheral nerves originate from the spinal cord and extend a network of lines throughout the body called dermatomes. Injury to one dermatome can radiate/spread out to other dermatomes and the peripheral areas like the hands and feet. Once communication with the brain is compromised, results can lead to sensations like numbness and severe pain. Several factors can result in peripheral neuropathy, including:

• Diabetes.
• Genetics.
• Infection.
• Disease.
• Unhealthy dietary habits.

Nerve Root Pain Causes

Nerve root pain is usually caused by underlying conditions that have caused compression or damage to the nerve root; these include:

• Herniated discs.
• Spinal injury.
• Bone spurs.
• Arthritis.
• Infection.
• Inflammatory disease.
• Degenerative spinal conditions, like spinal stenosis and spondylosis.
• Tumors, cysts, hernias, and hematomas

DRX 9000

General Disclaimer *

The information herein is not intended to replace a one-on-one relationship with a qualified health care professional, or licensed physician, and is not medical advice. We encourage you to make your own healthcare decisions based on your research and partnership with a qualified healthcare professional. Our information scope is limited to chiropractic, musculoskeletal, physical medicines, wellness, sensitive health issues, functional medicine articles, topics, and discussions. We provide and present clinical collaboration with specialists from a wide array of disciplines. Each specialist is governed by their professional scope of practice and their jurisdiction of licensure. We use functional health & wellness protocols to treat and support care for the injuries or disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Our videos, posts, topics, subjects, and insights cover clinical matters, issues, and topics that relate to and support, directly or indirectly, our clinical scope of practice.* Our office has made a reasonable attempt to provide supportive citations and has identified the relevant research study or studies supporting our posts. We provide copies of supporting research studies available to regulatory boards and the public upon request.

We understand that we cover matters that require an additional explanation of how it may assist in a particular care plan or treatment protocol; therefore, to further discuss the subject matter above, please feel free to ask Dr. Alex Jimenez or contact us at 915-850-0900.

Dr. Alex Jimenez DC, MSACP, CCST, IFMCP*, CIFM*, ATN*

email: coach@elpasofunctionalmedicine.com

Licensed in: Texas & New Mexico*

References

Gordon, Tessa. “Peripheral Nerve Regeneration and Muscle Reinnervation.” International journal of molecular sciences vol. 21,22 8652. 17 Nov. 2020, doi:10.3390/ijms21228652

Menorca, Ron M G et al. “Nerve physiology: mechanisms of injury and recovery.” Hand clinics vol. 29,3 (2013): 317-30. doi:10.1016/j.hcl.2013.04.002

Wang, Mark L et al. “Peripheral nerve injury, scarring, and recovery.” Connective tissue research vol. 60,1 (2019): 3-9. doi:10.1080/03008207.2018.1489381