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Charles Tiayon
July 22, 2024 12:44 AM
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Ave Lutter, Maksim Jegorov 20.07.2024 On Thursday, July 18, British singer, multi-instrumentalist and composer Jacob Collier performed at the Tartu Song Festival Grounds (Lauluväljak) with Take 6. In an interview with ETV show "Aktuaalne kaamera", Collier said that for him, music is one of the best languages in the world for translating life into emotion. London-based multi-instrumentalist Jacob Collier has been named by many prestigious publications as one of the most innovative musicians of his generation. His work is influenced by a range of styles from pop to jazz as well as classical music. "I think music comes from life. All the best ideas come from life itself and all the best sounds and feelings come from life. Music is one of the best languages in the world for translating life into emotion. So, I look around at the world, I listen to the world and the people I know, and musical heroes of mine. And it all comes together like a great big explosion and that's how music is born," Collier told ERR. At the Tartu show, Collier was joined on stage by one of biggest musical influences - legendary American a cappella sextet Take 6. "Take 6 taught me a sense of harmony when I was a teenager. They were in some ways my greatest heroes. They are amazing musicians," said Collier. "When I was growing up, I used to listen to them singing and it was very inspiring. So, to perform with them now here in Tartu is very cool." Collier was also joined on stage by the specially assembled Tartu 2024 Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Valter Soosalu. "Collier is an extremely quick musical thinker and performer. It's impressive to see how much versatility one professional can have. As a musician, he is like a little wonder of the world, which is great to see from the sidelines, especially up close," said Soosalu. Collier has released four solo albums to date and won five Grammy Awards. His ability to connect with concert audiences has also attracted particular attention from fans. "The dialogue between the audience and the performers on stage, the synergy was very immediate and in some ways, you could even say intimate, even though it was a really large scale operation. I think this was the most special concert of the year," said Soosalu.
The indigenous African archive is a living culture that cannot be turned into a record that is fixed in time. The continued existence of the oral traditions of Africans can be maintained through storytelling rather than being archived.
"12 May 2025 - 13:15 SA marked “National Archives Awareness Week” from May 5 to 9 with the theme “Digital Footprints: Archives and Records Management in the Digital Era”.
The celebration coincided with Africa Month. While it highlighted archives from a Western viewpoint, indigenous archives were noticeably left out of the discussion. Oral traditions have historically been vital in archiving the social, political and economic aspects of the African people...
While it is important, the absence of an indigenous African archive in archival discourses has alarmed archivists trained in Western pedagogues. As a result, archivists have gone on a documentation binge of oral traditions. Others have even coined catchphrases to describe these decolonisation efforts. Our view is that documenting oral traditions and storing them in archival institutions will not save them but will only worsen their situation.
This is so because the indigenous African archive may only survive through its use and ritual performance, as evidenced by the resilience of African tradition against the onslaught of religions such as Christianity. Archivists should advocate for the indigenous African archive's continued use and performance rather than its documentation and domestication in archival repositories.
Once archived and locked into archival repositories, oral traditions cease to exist as they are no longer indigenous African archives but just something else, as they have lost their saltiness (orality). The indigenous African archive is a living culture that cannot be turned into a record that is fixed in time. The continued existence of the oral traditions of Africans can be maintained through storytelling rather than being archived.
The orality of this verbal legacy remains its preservation strength. This means archivists need to come up with archival theories that promote the management of this orality.
Disruptive technologies as reflected in the archive’s week theme, are providing a platform where this basic provenance of the indigenous African archive, which is orality, can be promoted, used, disseminated and archived. In this regard, the storytelling or narrative nature of the African oral traditions can be maintained through gamification, filming and animation.
Oral traditions, including traditional literature, are didactic, as they have been used and can be used as teaching tools for children and even adults. There is nothing stopping the African government from reintroducing oral traditions into the school curricula, especially for the early education cohorts.
Tapping into the 4IR technologies, oral traditions can be preserved through their use in the modern-day classroom. Gamification can be employed to achieve that. Smart technologies such as mobile apps and social media-centred solutions, including gamification, are likely to revive the use of oral traditions by schoolchildren. The time is now for African countries to focus on transformation in line with Africa’s Agenda 2063 so that archives can reflect the history of Africans as told by Africans.
* Prof Ngoepe is the executive director for library and information services at Unisa, while Dr Bhebhe is a lecturer in the School of Information Studies at Charles Sturt University in Australia" https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/opinion/2025-05-12-opinion-africas-oral-traditions-need-to-be-preserved-not-archived/
#metaglossia_mundus
"Gulf and Maghrebi Arabs struggle to understand each other due to linguistic, cultural, and historical differences, with little effort made to bridge the gap, according to Arabic language experts.
Qatar’s multicultural society, where around 90% of residents are expatriates, hosts a wide blend of languages and dialects. But even within the same language can be fraught with challenges.
Gulf and North African Arabic is one of them. From rapid-fire Moroccan Darija to Algeria’s Tamazight-infused Arabic, Maghrebi dialects are often met with confusion to local’s ears.
This disconnect stems not only from linguistic differences but also from historical, cultural, and social dynamics that shape how dialects are perceived in the Gulf, according to several Arabic language experts Doha News spoke with.
Linguistic distance and phonological differences:
Studies of mutual intelligibility demonstrate that phonology is the primary barrier.
Arabic exists as a dialect continuum, in which neighbouring varieties overlap and are known as mutually intelligible, but geographically distant dialects become more difficult to understand.
And Maghrebi dialects have also undergone phonological shifts, most notably in vowel quality and syllable structure, that set them apart from Gulf speech and make their dialects harder to understand.
“All Arabic dialects have diverged from Classical Arabic in one way or another. The only way to reconnect is through intellectual and cultural production. But we’ve stopped engaging in that,” Hamza Ettanania, a Moroccan linguistic researcher and Arabic teacher, told Doha News.
Historical and geographical separation
Geographical distance between North Africa and the Gulf underpins both linguistic and cultural separations.
Dr Rola AlQattawii, a Palestinian PhD researcher specialised in Arabic linguistics and lexicography, explained that the Maghreb’s Amazigh foundation and distinct colonial histories – French and Spanish, which are non-Semitic languages – have shaped its dialects differently from the Gulf’s experiences, which fell under Persian and South Asian influences.
“There is a cognitive barrier, as there is a stereotype among people in the Gulf about Maghrebi dialects, that they are difficult and different from the more familiar dialects. This perception exists because Maghrebi culture isn’t widely spread in the East or the Gulf region,” AlQattawii told Doha News.
This historical divergence is reflected in language attitudes, where Qataris largely perceive non-Gulf dialects as less approachable, reinforcing mental distance.
Social and cultural barriers
Mutual effort is crucial for bridging dialect gaps, but social attitudes can hinder this effort.
Gulf speakers, Ettanania, the linguistic researcher and Arabic teacher, said, don’t make an effort to learn about North African cultures or dialects. “Perhaps because of the physical distance, which makes them feel it’s not worth the trouble,” he said.
This lack of curiosity is mirrored by some Maghrebi expatriates in Qatar, who seldom promote their own dialects.
“Very few people genuinely make an effort to understand Maghrebi dialects,” Ettanania said. “They assume it’s just a mix of Amazigh, Arabic, French, and Spanish and therefore too complex to grasp.”
Educational factors and media exposure
Educational systems across the Arab world prioritise Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), relegating colloquial dialects to informal contexts. While MSA serves as a unifying medium, it offers little direct preparation for understanding regional dialects.
Media exposure likewise skews towards certain dialects. Egyptian and Levantine dramas dominate satellite and streaming platforms, making their accents widely recognisable.
Gulf audiences, including Qataris, are more accustomed to hearing Levantine and Gulf speech on television and radio, further marginalising Maghrebi varieties.
“We grew up watching their films and TV shows. From a young age, Maghrebi people have been exposed to their culture. We learned how they pronounce words and engage with the language,” Ettanania said.
Without significant representation of Maghrebi dialect content, Gulf listeners seldom develop the listening strategies needed to decode its rapid speech and unique phonemes.
Qatar, where English is a lingua franca
In Qatar’s multinational environment, English often supersedes colloquial Arabic as the practical medium of inter-expatriate communication.
This trend reduces incentives to negotiate dialect differences, as speakers default to English rather than bridge dialectal gaps. Moreover, class dynamics influence willingness to engage: expatriates in professional settings may opt for English to project competence and avoid social friction, according to Arabic language experts.
Even the Qatari dialect itself has been influenced by the country’s international workforce and mercantile history, blending Gulf Arabic with borrowings that even native Qataris sometimes misrecognise.
Sustained exposure and active inquiry into the roots of language development can improve comprehension across dialects.
“It just takes effort and curiosity, asking what a word means and how it’s pronounced. We explain and simplify our dialect, so next time they’ll recognise it better. It’s just a matter of choice not difficulty,” Ettanania said.
Dr. AlQattawii also reinforced this by citing her own experience in Qatar.
“I began to recognize the features of Maghrebi dialects, and it became clear that they’re actually quite similar to other dialects and can be understood,” she said. “Focusing on phonological patterns and recurrent lexemes enhances comprehension over time.”"
Nassima Babassa May 12, 2025
https://dohanews.co/why-north-african-arabic-poses-comprehension-challenges-in-qatar/
#metaglossia_mundus
"Monash University Translator and Interpreter Training Package 12 May 2025
During the catastrophic 2022 flooding event in the Greater Shepparton region, volunteers from local multicultural communities played a key role in helping non-English speakers to evacuate safely and access support. This project features an innovative training package, providing residents of the Greater Shepparton region access to introductory translator and interpreter training. A major focus is 'interpreting in natural disasters', as well as a ‘working with interpreters’ session for key stakeholders in the region, ensuring that service providers in areas such as health, justice and emergency management learn how to apply best practice in their work with interpreters assisting members of the multicultural community. The project includes the first ever Thriving in Regional Communities Industry Expo, which brings together key stakeholders from the language services industry and regional communities. We aim to build a mentoring program of future trainers from the regions and roll out similar training in other regional areas in Victoria. The project is funded by the Australian and Victorian Governments in response to the October 2022 flood event which impacted Victorian communities in Greater Shepparton.
Research team: Dr Leah Gerber, Dr Shani Tobias, Prof. Rita Wilson, Mr Alex Avella
Funding received: $44,620.00"
https://www.monash.edu/arts/languages-literatures-cultures-linguistics/news-and-events/articles/monash-university-translator-and-interpreter-training-package #metaglossia_mundus
To Hussain, literature, and translation especially, is inherently political...
"The Translation Studies Hub (TSH) held its second annual “Literary Translator Residency” event May 6, inviting prominent Arabic translator Sawad Hussain to speak on her experiences and the trials faced throughout her career.
Hussain works primarily on translating works from Arabic to English, with translations spanning many different genres and reading levels. Her body of work includes titles such as “The Djinn’s Apple” by Djamila Morani, “Black Foam” by Haji Jabir, and her newest translation "The Book Censor's Library" by Bothayna Al-Essa, which was a finalist for the 2024 National Book Award ...
To Hussain, literature, and translation especially, is inherently political...
“Indeed, I have appreciable agency as a translator to choose… what makes its way into the English language sphere,” Hussain said. “To choose how Arabic literature and countries where Arabic is spoken are represented.”
This “sense of guardianship,” as Hussain describes, is a responsibility that has followed her throughout her career. To fight against the stereotypical understanding of Western publishers and consumers, a translator must be prepared to break the mold.
“I do act as a gatekeeper in deciding … which voices or narratives need to be elevated or amplified,” Hussain said.
To provide an example of this gatekeeping, Hussain spoke on a recent translation of three excerpts for an award pamphlet. The excerpts chosen, she believed, were problematic due to the way a disabled character was portrayed. Hussain decided to change some of the words and provide suggestions for the final editor to implement. Her suggestions went unheeded.
“The sections I had flagged to the commissioning individual as problematic were not addressed,” Hussain said. “They were left in the English exactly as they appear in the Arabic, and are jarring for me to read.”
Hussain’s experiences are unfortunately commonplace in the translation and publishing industry. Anecdote after anecdote was provided in the final half of the lecture of changes made in the name of sales, realism, and Western sensibilities.
“How much of a right, if any at all, do we have to alter another culture's literary tradition just to suit our own?” Hussain said...
Hussain’s insights on translation went beyond the technical level, with guidance given to aspiring translators at UW as well. Her first piece of advice? Be prepared for rejection.
“Rejection and resilience is the name of the game,” Hussain said. “You're going to be rejected … But I would also say to create a community of translators … find a community, ideally, find someone who can mentor you informally or formally.”...
By Nathaniel Chen
https://lnkd.in/e2wg3Xym
#metaglossia_mundus
Le dictionnaire Le Petit Robert 2026 s’offre un détour par Marseille avec l’entrée officielle de trois expressions bien de chez nous : tarpin, gâté et tanquer. Des mots du quotidien qui font leur révolution linguistique.
"...C’est officiel : tarpin, gâté et tanquer font leur entrée dans le Petit Robert 2026. Trois petits mots mais une grande victoire pour les amoureux du parler marseillais. Le sociolinguiste Médéric Gasquet-Cyrus, spécialiste du coin et conseiller pour le dico, exulte : c’est une « trilogie exceptionnelle ». Parce qu’avant de finir en pleine page, un mot doit avoir fait ses preuves à l’oral comme à l’écrit, et surtout, avoir dépassé les limites de sa ville d’origine. C’est donc un vrai game-changer pour la langue française.
De la rue au dictionnaire : un sacré parcours
Pas de place pour les expressions jetables. Pour rejoindre les rangs du Petit Robert, les mots doivent vivre leur meilleure vie dans les conversations, la presse, les réseaux… bref, s’installer dans le paysage linguistique. Les équipes du dictionnaire analysent les usages avec une rigueur scientifique et une dose d’intuition. C’est comme ça que tanquer, utilisé aussi bien dans un match de foot que sur un terrain sableux, a fini par être validé. Et si gâté a explosé grâce à SCH et son « Oui ma gâtée » dans Bande organisée, c’est finalement une citation littéraire marseillaise plus sage qui a été retenue. Carré.
Marseille, mais pas que : un lexique en mouvement
L'arrivée de ces trois mots dans le dico s’inscrit dans une vague plus large : chaque année, environ 150 nouveaux termes viennent remplacer ceux tombés en désuétude. Pour 2026, chill, dinguerie, VAR, chakchouka ou encore se capter viennent compléter la playlist linguistique. Des mots dans l’air du temps, qui montrent que le français est vivant, vibrant, et surtout influencé par les usages de la rue, du net, des régions. Bref, le français s’enrichit, et Marseille y met clairement sa sauce."
par Marion Santiago
14 mai 2025
https://www.lebonbon.fr/marseille/news/3-mots-marseillais-font-leur-entree-petit-robert-2026/
#metaglossia_mundus
MyAsli Calls For Official Recognition Of Sign Language Interpreters As Professionals. GEORGE TOWN, May 14 (Bernama) -- The Malaysian Association of Sign Language Interpreters (MyAsli) is calling on the government to recognise sign language interpreting as a professional career in the country...
https://www.bernama.com/en/region/news.php?id=2422839
#metaglossia_mundus
"Interpreter Job Posted on May 13, 2025...
Job details Location Remote based in Winnipeg, MB Workplace informationRemote Salary 27.00 to 30.00 hourly (To be negotiated) / 5 to 40 hours per week Terms of employment Casual employment Part time leading to full time Day, Evening, Night, Weekend, Shift, Overtime, On Call, Flexible Hours, Early Morning, Morning Starts as soon as possible vacancies8 vacancies SourceJob Bank #3304252 Various locations Overview Languages Bilingual
Education No degree, certificate or diploma Experience Experience an asset
Remote Work must be done remotely. There’s no office space provided.
Asset languages Spanish Georgian Lao Responsibilities Tasks Interpret oral communication from one language to another aloud or using electronic equipment Interpret for persons speaking an Aboriginal or foreign language Interpret language for individuals and small groups Experience and specialization Interpretation specialization Conference interpreter Additional information Security and safety Criminal record check Own tools/equipment Cellular phone Personal suitability Accurate Client focus Excellent written communication Excellent oral communication Who can apply for this job? You can apply if you are:
a Canadian citizen a permanent resident of Canada a temporary resident of Canada with a valid work permit Do not apply if you are not authorized to work in Canada. The employer will not respond to your application"
https://www.jobbank.gc.ca/jobsearch/jobposting/44205280?source=searchresults&wbdisable=true #metaglossia_mundus
From supporting her parents from afar, celebrating religious events, to deciding on a surname—this is the story of an Indonesian-Australian navigating life in an intercultural marriage.
"From supporting her parents from afar, celebrating religious events, to deciding on a surname—this is the story of an Indonesian-Australian navigating life in an intercultural marriage.
'Learning from each other': How couple faces challenges of intercultural marriage
Love has never cared much about borders, languages, or cultural differences. But when you're building a life with someone from a completely different background, there's no denying it throws up some unique hurdles.
For Emma Dainona, a 44-year-old who works as a retail worker and a singer, navigating these differences has become second nature. She spoke with SBS Indonesia about her cross-cultural marriage to her husband, David Gum.
"I learn his culture, he learns mine. At home, we just apply what works for us," said Dainona, a Perth resident of Indonesian origin whose husband is from a different culture.
Dealing with stereotypes
It's no secret that mixed-culture relationships often cop their fair share of stereotypes and judgments. Dainona considers herself lucky to have avoided direct discrimination, though she's well aware many couples in her position aren't so fortunate.
"Look, I think if people have those assumptions, we can't control what they think or believe. What matters is that we stay true to ourselves," Dainona said.
Supporting parents in Indonesia
The "sandwich generation" phenomenon—where individuals bear dual responsibilities for parents and their immediate family, both financially and emotionally—represents a common reality for many Indonesian families.
Dainona's on board with this idea. In fact, she sees caring for her parents as an integral part of loving them. Though she can't physically care for her parents, as they're thousands of kilometres away from Perth, Dainona maintains caring by providing financial support and visiting them as often as they can.
Personal identity in the surname
One of the more personal cultural differences Dainona has grappled with is whether to take her husband's surname—a common practice in Australia but not typically done in Indonesia.
A surname, for Dainona, represents cultural identity and personal autonomy. So,"for now, I'm sticking with my original name. I haven't decided about taking his surname yet. I'm still weighing up the pros and cons, and I don't want to rush into anything," Dainona said."
By Anne Parisianne
Source: SBS
13 May 2025 7:04pm
https://www.sbs.com.au/language/indonesian/en/podcast-episode/learning-from-each-other-how-couple-faces-challenges-of-intercultural-marriage/fvf9st0le
#metaglossia_mundus
Faith and mission put people in community, but linguistic challenges can quietly create rifts. Can these challenges offer opportunity?
"My first Sabbath at Valley View University in Ghana was remarkable. The church was packed, the choir sang beautifully, and the atmosphere was spiritually uplifting, but I could not understand a word. Everything was in English. The prayer, the sermon, the announcements—all of it in a language I had barely just begun to study. I sat silent, attempting to read the facial expressions of those around me, catching a word here or there, such as “Jesus” and “amen.” But somewhere deep inside, I felt disconnected. I was present, but I was not a part of what was happening. This is one of many such stories.
Many Adventists in Cape Verde experience the same reality when attending union and division events. Cape Verde is a Portuguese-speaking island nation off the west coast of Africa belonging to the Sahel Union Mission of the West-Central Africa Division (WAD) of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. Our union includes a majority of French-speaking countries such as Senegal, Mali, and Mauritania. In contrast, those in The Gambia Region speak English. This makes Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau the only two Portuguese-speaking countries in a predominantly Francophone and Anglophone region. In the WAD, language has become one of the biggest obstacles to the progress of the gospel, though the issue remains largely overlooked. This 22-country division is a melting pot of cultures, languages, and ethnicities, creating complexity that goes far beyond navigating official languages like French, English, and Portuguese. Hundreds of local dialects are spoken throughout the region. Though not impossible to overcome, this has led to difficulties that have not been fully addressed.
Though Adventists are connected through mission and message, language can be a silent separator in the broader faith community. There are several challenges that come with being part of a French-speaking union. In situations where communication, training materials, and leadership programs are predominantly in French or English, Cape Verdean members—especially young ones—are frequently left behind. Interpretation is not always available at all union and division programs, leaving delegates from Cape Verde dependent on other members for clarification and informal translation. The communication issue becomes even more apparent in the information and materials made for evangelism, Sabbath School, women’s ministries, or youth services. The vast majority of official reports and policy documents first come out in English or French, and are then later—though not always—translated into Portuguese. This delay puts Cape Verde at a disadvantage, as local leaders and members of the Cape Verdean Church are unable to fit into the bigger programs of the union and division in real time. Church departments in Cape Verde, end up sourcing materials from Brazil or Portugal in order to access resources in their own language. And while this ensures that Portuguese-speaking members are eventually able to move forward, it is not as effective as being fully synchronized with the rest of the union.
Looking at previous Pathfinder camporees, women’s ministries congresses, and union-wide conventions, Cape Verdean participation has been extremely low. It seems evident that this sparse attendance stems from the language barrier. We face linguistic isolation. The implications of this are greater than just delayed communication or trouble getting connected to programs. Members feel less included, less empowered, and less in touch with the larger mission. This silent barrier, although unintended, can make us feel like guests rather than family in our own spiritual house.
Still, there is hope! We can turn this challenge into an opportunity. Would this be so if we had more Cape Verdean Adventists willing to learn a language such as English or French with the same intent and dedication they hold for mission? What if both the union and the division got creative and thought ahead in how to ensure multilingual access from the beginning? I am writing this out of concern. Although we are many, we are one body, one church, and one people with only one mission. True unity requires discipline and care, especially in a place as linguistically diverse as West Africa.
One practical solution could be establishing a small team of trilingual Adventist communicators in Cape Verde who could translate essential material from French and English into Portuguese on an occasional basis, particularly for main events. Not only would this give us a stronger presence in our local churches, but it would also result in more personal ownership and commitment to the journey of our union and division.
With faith, creativity, and cooperation, we can ensure that what Cape Verde has to offer is not merely present, but fully mobilized in the mission we all share. It is not what we can not do that determines who we are, but what we can do. Our faith demands unity, not uniformity. We must remain engaged in this goal, even when it requires extra effort. Let us keep walking side by side, listening to each other, caring for one another, and sharing a common purpose. In this, we reflect the beauty of the gospel we preach: A message for all people, in every language!"
By Adnizia dos Anjos
May 14, 2025
https://spectrummagazine.org/views/columns/united-by-faith-divided-by-language/
One English-speaking woman says she did not have access to an intepreter during the birth of her first child, which left her hospitalized for a week. She says she does not feel as if staff made sure she understood what was going on.
"Marielle M’Bangha, who supports immigrant women, encourages patients to make official complaints to the hospital network if they feel they don’t have adequate access to interpreters. (Marika Wheeler/Radio-Canada)
Social Sharing
An organization that supports pregnant immigrant women in Quebec City says patients do not have enough access to interpreters during births in hospitals. The director of the organization that provides pre-natal accompaniment says she is concerned that women are receiving care without giving full consent.
Understanding what is happening during a birth is "the base," says Marielle M'Bangha, the director of the Service de référence en périnatalité pour les femmes immigrantes de Québec.
She wants to see staff at Quebec City's university hospital centre, the CHU de Québec-Université Laval, offer interpretation services "systematically" and provide translated versions of consent forms and other documents to patients.
"It's absolutely crucial. Consent to care is given. If it's unclear what we are signing or why, there's a problem when it comes to making a free and informed choice," she says.
According to the Act respecting health services and social services in Quebec, English speakers have the right to receive services in English. Social and health-care services networks can use a different language when delivering services if it's recognized by Quebec's language watchdog. However, access is conditional on the health institution's available staff, funding and organizational resources.
In 2024-25, 35% of requests for interpreters at the CHU de Québec were for Spanish speakers whereas 0.86% were for English interpreters. (Alban Normandin/Radio-Canada)
M'Bangha made a complaint to the CHU last year following the experience of an unaccompanied English-speaking mother who did not have access to a hospital-provided interpreter when she underwent an emergency caesarian and a subsequent week-long hospital stay.
The president of the regional access committee to health and social services for English speakers in the Quebec City area, Brigitte Wellens, says there is still a lot of work left to do. Wellens says staff are not well informed about the rights of English speakers and users don't insist on being provided with translators.
WELCOME TO CANADAWith translation service, Montreal clinic breaks down language barriers
Demand for interpreters doubled
The administrative responsibility to ask for an interpreter at the hospital falls on staff from the CHU de Québec. Since last fall, requests have been made to a provincial bank managed by Santé Québec, rather than a regional bank. In-person, virtual or telephone interpretation services are offered in more than 100 languages.
Situations are judged on a "case by case" basis, and "we do what we can to make sure to respond to the needs of users as quickly as possible," explains a spokesperson for the CHU de Québec.
In emergency situations or if an interpreter is not immediately available, staff can rely on "alternative methods" such as asking for help from a multilingual colleague, the use of "validated" translation applications, or agreements with private suppliers.
According to statistics provided by Santé Quebec, between 2020 and 2025, requests for interpreters doubled from 2,057 to 4,184 and were offered in 55 different languages.
Giving birth alone without a translator
Mary harbours painful memories around the birth of her first child. The single mother, who has no family in Canada, planned on giving birth accompanied by a doula. CBC is using a pseudonym to protect her identity because she fled her country for security reasons.
A routine check-up in May 2024 found the fetus was in distress and she was whisked away for an emergency C-section. Staff handed her French consent forms and warned her not to delay the potentially life-saving intervention when she asked to wait for her doula who could also act as an interpreter.
Mary, who speaks English but very little French, says she does not feel as if staff made sure she understood what was going on.
"I think they were not caring of anything, they didn't give me time to think twice for anything, maybe even understand what the form was talking about," she says.
Once the baby was born, she says she didn't know if he was dead or alive. Despite understanding that she would be able to see him, he was transferred to a specialized neonatal unit in another hospital before she could. Shortly afterward, doctors discovered Mary suffered from a severe health complication and was herself transferred to a third hospital.
Physicians were able to speak with her in English, she says, but other staff generally could not. The CHU de Québec did not provide her with an interpreter.
I think they were not caring of anything, they didn't give me time to think twice for anything.
- Mary
Helene Lepage, a volunteer with the organization that supports pregnant immigrant women, visited Mary regularly during her stay and acted as an interpreter when she was present.
Lepage saw staff make efforts to communicate with Mary in English, but some "provided care without really explaining what they were doing." She remembers feeling "very frustrated" and claims to have asked for the hospital to provide an interpreter and English documentation.
As 2 English family doctors retire, Quebec City Anglos worry about future of health care
Nearly a year later, talking about her experience still brings Mary to tears.
"Being hospitalized in the hospital where you can't explain what you want, especially in that critical situation, you don't have even the force to speak," she says, adding that making the effort to speak a language you don't know is a "huge barrier."
"Instead of treating the patient as if there isn't any other option, they have to do better."
Official complaint made
With Mary's approval, M'Bangha made an official complaint to the CHU de Québec. According to M'Bangha, staff from the complaint commissioner's office said during a phone call that mistakes had been made in Mary's care and that an interpreter should have been provided.
The CHU de Québec declined to comment, saying it can't speak to specific cases for confidentiality reasons. Mary's experience in May 2024 occurred before the province took over the bank of interpreters.
Despite the change, M'Bangha says her organization has not seen more access to interpreters for birthing mothers. "We would know," M'Bangha says, adding her organization accompanied families for more than 300 births last year.
"If there are obstacles for English [interpreters], what's the situation for a mother from the Central African Republic, for example?" she says.
Quebec publishes new directive, clarifying old one, on use of English in health care
Very little documentation in English
Wellens isn't surprised to hear about Mary's situation, but says it shouldn't have happened.
"Someone somewhere should have raised a red flag and said, 'No, we have to make sure that this person understands completely what is going to happen,'" she says.
Brigitte Wellens, the president of the regional access committee for health and social services in English, says anyone can ask to receive health and social services in English. (Marika Wheeler/Radio-Canada)
According to Wellens, the 36 requests for an English interpreter made in 2024-25 is a testament to the difficulties in accessing care for English speakers, especially given that 17,000 people in the Quebec City region identify themselves as having learned English as a first language, or English-mother-tongue in the last Canadian census.
"It tells me people are not completely aware of their rights, it tells me the establishment, clearly, doesn't always make the request for an interpreter when it's in English", she says. Wellens believes government directives on when to provide services in English caused confusion among staff, and some of them opt not to offer it because they don't understand users' rights or fear of getting in trouble.
According to Wellens, very few documents such as consent forms, or pre- and post-procedure instructions at the CHU de Québec are translated. She believes poor access to care in languages other than French is a public health concern as patients will "inevitably" require more care if they misunderstand a diagnosis or how to care for themselves at home.
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Marika Wheeler
Radio-Canada journalist
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/immigrant-women-better-access-interpreters-1.7534029
#metaglossia_mundus
"AI Dubbing by Wavel is an advanced solution for creating AI-powered voiceovers that are perfectly synced with video content. This tool allows businesses to translate video and audio into over 100 languages, preserving the original voice while providing a vast library of diverse AI-generated voices. With features like AI rephrasing and resyncing, users can easily make edits to the dubbing, ensuring it aligns with the original content. This tool is particularly valuable for companies looking to scale their content for a global audience, offering quick and cost-effective localization without sacrificing quality. AI Dubbing by Wavel also streamlines the dubbing process, reducing the time and effort typically required for voiceovers, making it ideal for marketers, content creators, and global enterprises.
Image Credit: AI Dubbing Trend Themes 1. AI-language Translation Solutions - The integration of AI-driven language translation in dubbing tools enhances content accessibility for global audiences, allowing for nuanced and region-specific translations. 2. Automated Voiceover Personalization - Utilizing a vast library of AI-generated voices, these dubbing tools offer personalization options that maintain the original voice's essence while adapting to diverse dialects and tones. 3. Efficient Localization Technologies - Advancements in AI rephrasing and resyncing features streamline the localization process, making it possible to swiftly adapt content for different markets without compromising quality. Industry Implications 1. Content Creation and Distribution - AI-powered dubbing tools revolutionize the content creation industry by enabling rapid and accurate adaptation of multimedia content for international distribution. 2. Marketing and Advertising - In the marketing sector, these dubbing solutions provide cost-effective localization strategies, allowing brands to more effectively reach and engage with diverse demographics. 3. Film and Media Production - Film and media industries benefit from these advanced dubbing technologies, as they significantly reduce the time and labor involved in producing localized versions of video content." By Ellen Smith — May 14, 2025 — Tech https://www.trendhunter.com/trends/ai-dubbing2 #metaglossia_mundus
"...Les lecteurs du livre « Langues et cultures - Introduction à l'ethnolinguistique et aux oralités africaines », qui a été lancé le lundi 12 mai, auront un aperçu de la relation entre la langue et la culture, a déclaré l'auteur de la nouvelle publication.
Dans ce livre de 204 pages, le père Bonifácio Tchimboto présente « la relation entre la langue et la culture d'un peuple donné et comme une méthode d'accès à l'oralité des cultures de l'Afrique subsaharienne, à travers laquelle on peut découvrir les archétypes de la pensée et de la science africaines concernant l'humanité ».
Dans sa présentation du livre lors du lancement le 12 mai, le père Tchimboto a décrit la culture comme « l'ensemble du patrimoine spirituel et matériel d'un peuple » et a indiqué que la langue facilite l'expression de ce patrimoine.
« La langue ne doit pas être comprise comme un simple moyen de communication, comme le veut la pensée commune », a-t-il averti, ajoutant que la langue a une signification plus large qui inclut « la connaissance d'un peuple, ses croyances, ses craintes, ses espoirs et sa façon de s'engager dans la vie ».
Le prêtre catholique angolais a ensuite souligné les deux parties du livre publié par Paulines Publications Africa (PPA). Alors que la première partie se concentre sur l'ethnolinguistique, définie comme le pont entre la langue et la culture, la deuxième partie traite de la littérature et des traditions orales, y compris les contes populaires, les proverbes, les devinettes et les chansons.
Le contenu de l'ouvrage, a-t-il déclaré, "est le fruit de plus de 10 à 15 ans d'enseignement des langues. J'ai rassemblé, édité et peaufiné des supports de cours, et cet ouvrage est né de ce processus".
Le livre, a expliqué le clergé du diocèse catholique angolais de Benguela, est conçu comme un outil permettant d'accéder aux « identités culturelles profondes ancrées dans la langue - des identités souvent négligées ou diminuées dans l'Afrique postcoloniale ».
Le prêtre catholique, qui enseigne les langues bibliques, les langues classiques, l'exégèse et l'ethnolinguistique dans plusieurs institutions, dont l'Istituto Madonna delle Grazie à Bénévent (Italie), le Grand Séminaire du Bon Pasteur à Benguela, l'Institut Jean Piaget et l'Université catholique de Benguela, ainsi que l'Université catholique d'Afrique de l'Est (CUEA) à Nairobi (Kenya), a ensuite abordé ce qu'il appelle les « zones d'ombre » dans le développement de l'Afrique après l'indépendance.
"L'une des vérités les plus gênantes est que, si nous avons acquis l'indépendance politique et peut-être une certaine autonomie économique, il reste encore d'autres libertés pour lesquelles nous devons nous battre. Il s'agit notamment de la liberté de nos langues et de nos cultures", a-t-il déclaré.
Le père Tchimboto a déploré qu'alors que le portugais est de plus en plus mis en avant dans le système éducatif, les langues nationales africaines restent négligées. « Ce livre sert de ressource pour aider à promouvoir et à préserver nos langues et cultures maternelles », a-t-il déclaré.
PLUS EN AFRIQUE
Dans un nouvel ouvrage, un prêtre angolais donne son point de vue sur les relations entre la langue et la culture
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Dans son discours lors du lancement du livre le 12 mai, le père Tchimboto a déclaré que le livre reposait sur trois piliers : l'importance de son titre et de ses thèmes, son origine et ses avantages potentiels. Il a expliqué l'origine du livre par la nécessité d'approfondir les perspectives africaines.
"Ce livre répond à une demande de longue date. Comme l'a dit un jour Kwame Nkrumah, nous avons obtenu l'indépendance politique, mais le reste viendra plus tard. Malheureusement, ce “plus tard” a duré plus de 50 ans et certaines choses ne sont toujours pas résolues", a-t-il déclaré.
Le prêtre catholique s'est inquiété de la persistance des mentalités coloniales dans de nombreux aspects de la vie africaine, notamment en ce qui concerne la langue et la culture. « La libération linguistique et culturelle est une étape essentielle pour parvenir à la pleine émancipation », a-t-il déclaré.
Le père Tchimboto a exprimé l'espoir que le livre suscite un regain de fierté pour l'identité africaine. Il a déclaré : « Ce livre est né d'un rêve : contribuer à la décolonisation de l'esprit, renforcer l'indépendance culturelle et philosophique en Afrique ».
"Ce que nous espérons, c'est que ce livre contribue à la prise de conscience linguistique et ravive l'amour de ce qui est national, de ce qui est angolais, de ce qui est africain. Bien que le titre parle de langues et de cultures, ne vous y trompez pas : il s'agit de cultures africaines", a déclaré le père Tchimboto.
Par João Vissesse
Luanda, 14 mai, 2025 / 12:30 (ACI Africa).
https://www.aciafrique.org/news/15119/dans-un-nouvel-ouvrage-un-pretre-angolais-donne-son-point-de-vue-sur-les-relations-entre-la-langue-et-la-culture
#metaglossia_mundus
While Trump’s proposal to impose 100 per cent tariffs on foreign films may prove to be more bluster than policy, it reflects language ideologies that have long constrained the American film industry.
"Trump’s tariff threat to foreign films overlooks the value of multilingual cinema
Published: May 14, 2025
With the 78th Cannes International Film Festival underway this week, there is little doubt that one topic will be central to conversations among filmmakers, sales agents and journalists: United States President Donald Trump’s threat to impose a 100 per cent tax on foreign-made films.
On the opening night, Hollywood icon, Robert De Niro set the tone as he accepted his honorary Palme d'Or award. He used his podium to critique Trump’s actions in the arts, especially Trump’s proposal to tax foreign-made films. He said: “…art is the crucible that brings people together…. Art looks for truth. Art embraces diversity. That’s why art is a threat.” He also added: “you can’t put a price on connectivity.”
Amid an ongoing tariff war, Trump’s proposal — which may ultimately remain an empty threat — goes beyond economic protectionism. It is cultural protectionism. It also reflects language ideologies that have long constrained the American film industry and American engagement with multilingual cinema.
Experts have offered various theories about the motivations behind this threat, as well as why it may ultimately prove unwise. In the rush to brace for impact, we often forget the values behind these extreme positions aren’t new. More importantly, we must also remember why it’s vital to protect these cultural expressions.
As a linguist, I see a clear connection between this proposal and one of the administration’s actions earlier this year, when Trump signed an executive order designating English as the country’s sole official language. This move reflected a deeply rooted monolingual ideology that has long influenced both the U.S. language policy and education systems.
Monolingual ideology
Such language ideology reflects a belief in the superiority of monolingualism, a view that American linguist Rosina Lippi-Green links to the “myth of Standard American English.”
This myth is grounded in the subordination by one dialect, believed to be of higher quality and status, over other languages and dialects. According to Lippi-Green, the enforcement of this ideology follows a systematic process: language is mystified, authority is claimed and a series of negative consequences ensue. Misinformation is generated, targeted languages are trivialized, non-conformers are vilified or marginalized and threats are made.
Such authority and threats are recognizable in this most recent threat to make access to foreign films difficult. The issue is not just about the economic dimension of foreign-made films. It is also about the perceived threat posed by the presence and influence of other languages. At its core, this reflects a fear or rejection of linguistic diversity.
In the film industry, this monolingual ideology is closely tied to glottophobic attitudes, also referred to by some scholars as linguicism. These terms define the misrepresentation and negative stereotyping of speakers of languages other than English.
Hollywood, in particular, has a long history of portraying foreign or heritage languages in stereotypical and often derogatory ways. Consider, for instance, the German-speaking characters in Second World War films, or more recent depictions of Arabic, Mexican Spanish or Russian speakers.
These portrayals illustrate a tendency to depict other languages as menacing — a point that was also made in the American president’s claim that foreign films pose a “threat” because they constitute “messaging and propaganda.”
Linguistic stereotyping
It’s not just characters who speak other languages who have been misrepresented in American films. Those who speak English as a second language — that is with an accent or with a syntax that is marked by their first language — were often played by white actors and subject to similar derogatory stereotypes.
Linguists have identified patterns in these linguistic representations, referring to them as Injun English, Mock Spanish or yellow voices, among others.
Lippi-Green has famously argued that such linguistic depictions are ways to reinforce standard language ideologies through linguistic stereotyping in media, including popular Disney cartoons. They effectively teach American children how to discriminate.
In my work, I examined French-accented English to demonstrate that these representations reflect broader cultural anxieties. Ultimately, this rhetoric reveals more about the U.S. relationship with linguistic diversity than it does about the communities being portrayed.
Trump has made reference to “any and all movies coming into our country that are produced in foreign lands.” But it remains unclear how such measures would impact streaming platforms and the diverse range of films they currently offer.
Hollywood has come a long way since the heydays of linguicism, gradually embracing a more inclusive and multilingual cinematic landscape. Today, films that present a more diverse linguistic landscape are increasingly common. And audiences are accustomed to having access to a wide selection of international content.
The global success of the French series Call My Agent is just one example. Among others are popular French spy thrillers and romances, Swedish thrillers, Japanese anime and Korean dystopian series.
The pleasure of watching foreign films
For years, foreign language films have been recognized as an invaluable resource for language learning. This fact is supported by language learning apps that increasingly recommend users to view TV programs or movies to support learning. Movies and TV provide access to a variety of dialects as well as authentic forms of language.
As a professor of French media and linguistics, I often use films to teach students about French language and culture. But beyond their educational benefits, foreign-language films offer unique esthetic and emotional pleasures.
Watching a film is to engage with sound and image. The language itself enhances the immersive experience, contributing to the authenticity of the storytelling. For example, one of my students told me he enjoys turning on closed captions in French. These are also known as SDH: Subtitles for the Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing. He does this not just for the dialogue but because they capture the full cinematic experience, including the naming of sounds.
Restricting access to these cultural products would trap viewers in an ideological echo chamber, where only one language is heard and validated.
Fictional representations play a powerful role in shaping and reinforcing real-world attitudes. Monolingual representations potentially foster linguistic discrimination and intolerance toward any word uttered with an accent or in another language. In short, such restrictions could pave the way for a partial and stunted society."
https://theconversation.com/trumps-tariff-threat-to-foreign-films-overlooks-the-value-of-multilingual-cinema-256323
#metaglossia_mundus
Plusieurs organismes de la francophonie canadienne applaudissent le retour d’un ministre des Langues officielles. Un poste qui sera confié à Steven Guilbeault.
Ministre des Langues officielles, Steven Guilbeault aura du pain sur la planche
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Steven Guilbeault a été nommé ministre de l’Identité et de la Culture canadiennes et ministre responsable des Langues officielles.
PHOTO : LA PRESSE CANADIENNE / CHRISTINNE MUSCHI
Benjamin Vachet (Consulter le profil)
Benjamin Vachet
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Au lendemain du dévoilement du cabinet des ministres, mardi, plusieurs organismes de la francophonie canadienne applaudissent le retour d’un ministre des Langues officielles. Mais Steven Guilbeault aura aussi plusieurs autres dossiers importants à gérer.
M. Guilbeault fait partie des ministres qui ont conservé leur ministère, mardi. Il a été nommé ministre de l’Identité et de la Culture canadiennes et ministre responsable des Langues officielles. Mais ce n'est pas tout.
Même si ce n’est pas dans mon titre, j’ai gardé du ministère de l’Environnement toutes les responsabilités liées au dossier de la nature et de la biodiversité [...] je suis le ministre responsable de Parcs Canada. Je dis souvent que j’ai le meilleur des deux mondes, parce que j’ai adoré mon passage au Patrimoine de 2019 à 2021 [...] et je garde ainsi un pied dans l’environnement qui est la passion de ma vie professionnelle et personnelle, a réagi Steven Guilbeault en entrevue à l'émission Les matins d'ici, mercredi.
Steven Guilbeault : « Je me sens très gâté par le PM »
ÉMISSION ICI PREMIÈRELes matins d'ici
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Il reconnaît toutefois que cela représente beaucoup de dossiers, d'autant que parmi ses priorités, il y aura la gestion du financement de CBC/Radio-Canada. En campagne électorale, le Parti libéral s'est engagé à augmenter le budget du diffuseur public de 150 millions de dollars dès la première année, mais aussi à terme, de rattraper le retard pour amener le financement du diffuseur public par habitant au niveau de la moyenne des pays du G7.
AILLEURS SUR INFO : Action collective : « Une menace existentielle pour la Fonderie », plaide Glencore
Et puis, on veut légiférer pour que le budget du diffuseur public ne soit plus décidé par le cabinet - donc le gouvernement - mais par le Parlement. Ça demande des changements législatifs, ajoute M. Guilbeault.
Il y a beaucoup de pain sur la planche, mais il n’y a rien de tout ça que je vais faire seul.
Une citation deSteven Guilbeault, ministre de l’Identité et de la Culture canadiennes et ministre responsable des Langues officielles
Pour parvenir à remplir son mandat, M. Guilbeault rappelle toutefois qu'il ne sera pas seul.
PUBLICITÉ
C’est vrai que je fais maintenant ce que quatre personnes faisaient auparavant. Donc oui, il y a beaucoup de travail, mais il y a deux secrétaires d’État qui ont été nommés pour m’assister : Adam van Koeverden qui va s’occuper des sports et Nathalie Provost qui va travailler sur tout le volet nature pour m’aider à me dégager un peu. On va travailler tous les trois sur ces dossiers-là. Il est possible également - on le saura au cours des deux prochaines semaines - qu’il y ait des secrétaires parlementaires qui viennent nous épauler également.
Pour lui, regrouper tous ces dossiers au sein d'un même ministère est logique.
Notre identité, ce sont les langues officielles, les cultures autochtones, mais c’est aussi notre attachement au territoire.
Le retour d'un ministre des Langues officielles salué
Du côté des organismes de la francophonie canadienne, c'est toutefois la satisfaction : celle d'avoir de nouveau un ministre qui aura, dans son titre, la responsabilité des langues officielles.
Le rétablissement du titre de ministre des Langues officielles montre que le premier ministre Carney comprend l’importance de la dualité linguistique canadienne comme élément majeur de l’identité et de la souveraineté nationale de notre pays, a réagi la Fédération des communautés francophones et acadienne du Canada (FCFA), par voie de communiqué.
Durant la campagne électorale, la FCFA a mis beaucoup d’accent sur l’importance pour le Canada de miser sur le français et la francophonie pour tirer son épingle du jeu dans le conflit tarifaire actuel. Pouvoir faire affaire dans deux langues parlées sur cinq continents, c’est un avantage énorme pour diversifier nos marchés et nos alliances. Avec le rétablissement du portefeuille des Langues officielles, on a l’impression d’avoir été entendus, a déclaré la présidente de l’organisme porte-parole des francophones en contexte minoritaire, Liane Roy.
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L’organisme juge que le titre de ministre des Langues officielles est d’autant plus important que les règles d’application de la nouvelle Loi sur les langues officielles, adoptée il y a deux ans à peine, ne sont toujours pas définies, ce qui nuit à sa mise en œuvre.
PUBLICITÉ
L’Assemblée de la francophonie de l’Ontario (AFO) attend du nouveau cabinet des gestes concrets pour renforcer nos communautés en assurant l’accès aux services en français, soutenir le postsecondaire par et pour les francophones, et reconnaître pleinement la contribution de la francophonie ontarienne au dynamisme économique et social du Canada a lancé le président de l’organisme, Fabien Hébert.
De son côté, l’organisme Canadian Parents for French s’est réjoui de l’ajout des langues officielles au mandat du ministre Steven Guilbeault, invitant toutefois le gouvernement à combler les lacunes dans sa plateforme sur les langues officielles.
Bien que les engagements des libéraux prévoient un soutien essentiel pour les communautés linguistiques en situation minoritaire, ils manquent de mesures concrètes pour mobiliser la majorité linguistique et favoriser le bilinguisme à l’échelle nationale.
Une promesse électorale
En mars dernier, plusieurs organismes s’étaient inquiétés de l’absence d’un ministre des Langues officielles.
Si on ne le nomme pas, c’est que ce n’est pas important, commentait notamment le président de la Société nationale de l’Acadie (SNA), Martin Théberge.
Dans les faits, la responsabilité incombait déjà à Steven Guilbeault, ministre de la Culture et de l'Identité canadiennes. Mais pour la FCFA, la disparition du portefeuille des Langues officielles diluait énormément l’importance du dossier à un moment où on doit mettre l’accent sur tout ce qui fait la souveraineté nationale du Canada.
Ça lance le message qu’en termes d’identité canadienne, les langues officielles, ça n’existe pas, déclarait Mme Roy.
Cette situation rappelait celle survenue en 2015, quand Justin Trudeau, nouvellement élu, n’avait pas non plus fait figurer les langues officielles au nom d'aucun des portefeuilles attribués.
En campagne, lors du débat sur les enjeux francophones, le candidat libéral dans Gatineau, Steven MacKinnon, avait assuré que l'intitulé serait de retour dans le titre d’un ministre en cas de victoire aux élections.
Outre M. Guilbeault, les organismes de la francophonie canadienne comptent aussi sur plusieurs autres ministres pour faire valoir le dossier autour de la table. Composé de 28 ministres, dont 15 nouveaux visages, le nouveau cabinet des ministres compte 15 députés qui indiquent parler le français et l’anglais sur leur profil publié sur le site du parlement du Canada et 13 qui disent ne parler que l’anglais.
Benjamin Vachet (Consulter le profil)
https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/2164997/steven-guilbeault-langues-officielles-canada
#metaglossia_mundus
"From Language to Language: The Hospitality of Translation
Review by Rebecca M. Alvin
Translation of books and texts from around the world into English, as well as from English to other languages has been an incredibly important aspect of dissemination of literary, scientific, political, and historical ideas for centuries, but the act of translation itself is a topic less often discussed, often seemingly an invisible, background endeavor. In his new book, From Language to Language: The Hospitality of Translation, philosopher Souleymane Bachir Diagne digs deeper into the process of translation to give us a multifaceted perspective on the relationship between translation and colonialism, first of all, but also what happens after decolonization. He extends his discussion beyond just linguistic translation to include objects, such as artistic works taken from countries of the Global South for museums in Europe and the United States. What happens when cultures lose these important elements of their history, but also what happens when they are repatriated to their original nations after decades of being housed in European museums, for example. There is again a need for translation back to the original culture, which has moved on and evolved since the object was originally removed. In this sense, both literature and artifacts are migrants that become a part of their new geographic location’s culture as well as maintaining their own heritage, belonging to neither world.
Diagne, who up until very recently was a professor of philosophy and French as well as director of the Institute of African Studies at Columbia University, has written several books..., especially focusing on Islamic and African philosophy. This short book, at just 100 pages, can go deep into academic territory, but is surprisingly accessible to those with only a cursory interest in philosophy and linguistics. Written by Diagne in French originally, it is itself a translation (by Dylan Temel), and therefore acts as evidence of its own subject.
His approach is a humanist one that both recognizes the challenges of historically eurocentric views in his field and sees how translation can be a tool of greater humanist evolution. In his introduction he writes: “Two main theses underly the arguments presented in [this book]. The first is that all human languages are of equal value. The second is that nothing manifests this equivalence better than translation. And I could add a conclusion drawn from these theses, which is ultimately the message of this book: that translation is a humanism.”
From Language to Language is a fascinating overview of Diagne’s philosophy of translation and a great instigator for further thought on this subject.
From Language to Language: The Hospitality of Translation by Souleymane Bachir Diagne (2025, Other Press) is available online..."
https://provincetownmagazine.com/2025/05/14/from-language-to-language-the-hospitality-of-translation/
#metaglossia_mundus
"Traduire, est-ce seulement transposer des mots d'une langue à une autre, ou s'agit-il avant tout de saisir le sens profond d'un énoncé pour le restituer avec justesse dans la langue cible ? Entre fidélité au texte source, données extra-énonciatives, contraintes morphosyntaxiques et exigences sémantiques, le traducteur se trouve face à un défi constant : celui de concilier le dit et le vouloir-dire.
Dans cet ouvrage complet et jonché d'exemples, Thomas d'Aquin Tabi Nkoumavok explore l'approche sémantico-morphosyntaxique de la traduction, mettant en lumière l'impact retentissant du contexte et de la situation, des implicites et des structures linguistiques sur l'acte traductif. Il propose une réflexion approfondie sur la théorie inférentielle de la traduction, les spécificités du langage juridique, la notion d'équivalence et sa typologie, l'importance de la transposition et de la modulation, ainsi que sur le rôle fondamental de la révision dans la qualité finale du texte traduit. Destiné aux étudiants, aux traducteurs professionnels et aux chercheurs en sémantique, en linguistique contrastive et en traductologie, le présent ouvrage offre une approche didactico-pédagogique rigoureuse pour appréhender la traduction non plus comme une simple conversion linguistique, mais comme un processus d'interprétation et de réécriture ancré dans la sémantique et les réalités extralinguistiques."
https://www.fnac.com/a21526421/Thomas-D-Aquin-Tabi-Nkoumavok-De-la-semantique-a-la-traduction
#metaglossia_mundus
"IQNA - Haj Ryoichi Umar Mita fue un erudito y traductor japonés, el primero en traducir el Sagrado Corán al idioma japonés.
Mita nació en 1892 en Shimonoseki, en la prefectura de Yamaguchi, en el oeste de Japón, en el seno de una familia budista con antecedentes samuráis.
Completó sus estudios universitarios en comercio en la facultad de economía de la Universidad de Yamaguchi, graduándose en 1916.
Durante su etapa universitaria estudió las obras de Haj Omar Yamaoka, un pensador musulmán japonés. Estas obras fueron su primer contacto con el islam. A partir de entonces emprendió un camino espiritual que duró treinta años, hasta que la luz del tawhid (monoteísmo) iluminó su corazón.
Tras finalizar sus estudios universitarios, se trasladó a China, donde profundizó en su conocimiento del islam gracias a la numerosa comunidad musulmana. En 1920 escribió una serie de artículos titulados “El islam en China”, publicados en la revista "Tokyo Kinkiyo". Se sintió profundamente influenciado por el estilo de vida de los musulmanes chinos y, en ese entonces, ya dominaba bien el idioma chino.
Regresó a Japón en 1921 y continuó su acercamiento al islam asistiendo a los sermones de Haj Umar Yamaoka.
En 1922 comenzó a trabajar en la compañía ferroviaria de Manchuria, y más adelante fue ascendido a inspector. Durante la guerra sino-japonesa, fue enviado al norte de China por la misma compañía.
Mita estaba profundamente influenciado por los musulmanes chinos y deseaba que la sociedad japonesa desarrollara una estructura islámica similar.
Posteriormente viajó a muchos países, incluidos países musulmanes, y participó en numerosos encuentros académicos y conferencias. También escribió libros sobre la relación del islam con otras religiones y sobre la sociedad islámica.
A los 49 años, Ryoichi Mita acudió a una mezquita de Pekín para declarar su deseo de convertirse al islam. Así, en 1941, abrazó el islam y cambió su nombre por Umar Mita.
Regresó a Japón en 1945, tras el final de la guerra, y empezó a trabajar en la Universidad de Kansai. Posteriormente trabajó como profesor de lengua china en la Universidad de Kioto.
En 1957 viajó a Pakistán y se dedicó a actividades islámicas. En 1960 realizó el Hajj y, tras la muerte de Sadiq Imaizumi, primer presidente de la Asociación Musulmana Japonesa (JMA), Mita fue elegido como su sucesor.
Durante su presidencia escribió dos de sus obras más importantes sobre el islam: “Comprender el islam” e “Introducción al islam”, ambas en japonés. También tradujo al japonés y a otros idiomas del Asia oriental el libro “La vida de los sahaba (los compañeros del Profeta)” de Mohammad Zakaria.
Haj Ryoichi Umar Mita publicó la primera edición de su traducción al japonés del Corán el 28 de julio de 1972, y una edición revisada fue publicada en 1982.
Tras la muerte de su esposa, renunció a su trabajo y se estableció en Tokio, dedicando todo su tiempo a la difusión del islam. Falleció en 1983.
En la época del nacimiento de Mita, el número de musulmanes en Japón era muy reducido. Sin embargo, con la posterior inmigración de un gran número de musulmanes de Asia Central, como Kazajistán y Tayikistán, y también de musulmanes provenientes de Rusia tras la revolución bolchevique, comenzó a formarse una comunidad islámica local, sobre todo en las grandes ciudades del país.
Algunas ciudades japonesas acogieron a estos musulmanes y pronto se establecieron vínculos estrechos entre la comunidad islámica y el pueblo japonés. Al principio, los musulmanes enfrentaron ciertos problemas, incluida la persecución por parte de algunos budistas, pero pronto se reconoció que eran personas pacíficas, honestas, educadas y no traidoras.
La comunidad musulmana en Japón creció gradualmente y se construyeron varias mezquitas en el país, siendo la más importante la de la ciudad de Kobe. Esta mezquita es la única que sobrevivió al devastador terremoto que azotó la ciudad dos décadas después de su construcción y aún sigue en pie.
Actualmente, el islam está bien establecido en Japón, hasta el punto de que solo en Tokio hay entre 30 y 40 mezquitas, y muchos hoteles públicos cuentan con salas de oración islámicas." https://iqna.ir/es/news/3510311/%C2%BFqui%C3%A9n-fue-el-primer-traductor-del-cor%C3%A1n-al-japon%C3%A9s
#metaglossia_mundus
"Conférence avec Ahmed Aït Bachir Présentation de la traduction kabyle de Tudert-iw (Histoire de ma vie) de Fadhma Ath Mansour Amrouche
14/05/2025
Nous avons le plaisir de vous inviter à une conférence exceptionnelle animée par Ahmed Aït Bachir, le samedi 24 mai 2025 à 15h30, au Restaurant La Table Gourmande, situé au 32 rue de la Boulangerie, Saint-Denis.
À cette occasion, Ahmed Aït Bachir présentera son travail de traduction en langue kabyle du célèbre ouvrage autobiographique Histoire de ma vie de Fadhma Ath Mansour Amrouche, publié sous le titre Tudert-iw.
Cette traduction, fidèle et sensible, rend accessible en kabyle un texte fondamental du patrimoine littéraire amazigh, offrant une nouvelle voix à l’histoire poignante d’une femme tiraillée entre deux mondes.
Un moment fort de transmission et de mémoire
Fadhma Ath Mansour Amrouche, figure emblématique de la mémoire kabyle, y raconte son parcours de femme, de mère, et de témoin d’un monde en mutation. Grâce à cette version en kabyle, Ahmed Aït Bachir permet à de nouvelles générations de renouer avec cette parole authentique, dans leur langue d’héritage.
La conférence sera suivie d’un échange avec le public et d’un moment de convivialité. Une séance de dédicaces sera également proposée.
Informations pratiques
Date : Samedi 24 mai 2025
Heure : 15h30
Lieu : Restaurant La Table Gourmande
Adresse : 32 rue de la Boulangerie, 93200 Saint-Denis
Pour toute information complémentaire :
Entrée libre – Venez nombreux !"
https://cbf.fr/conference-avec-ahmed-ait-bachir-presentation-de-la-traduction-kabyle-de-tudert-iw-histoire-de-ma-vie-de-fadhma-ath-mansour-amrouche/
#metaglossia_mundus
Dans une initiative majeure pour promouvoir la langue catalane, le gouvernement régional de la Catalogne a annoncé un investissement de 200 millions d'euros sur les prochaines années. Cette initiative ambitieuse vise à augmenter le nombre de locuteurs du catalan de 100 000 chaque année.
La Catalogne investira 200 millions d'euros pour promouvoir la langue catalane...
Dépêche publié le 14/05/25
"...La Catalogne investit 200 millions d'euros pour promouvoir le catalan et ajouter 100 000 nouveaux locuteurs chaque année
Le gouvernement catalan a annoncé un investissement de 200 millions d'euros pour l'année 2025 dans le cadre du « Pacte National pour la Langue », visant à renforcer l'usage du catalan et à intégrer 100 000 nouveaux locuteurs chaque année jusqu'en 2030. Ce pacte, signé le 13 mai 2025 à Barcelone, implique des partis de gauche, des organisations sociales et culturelles, et des institutions publiques. Selon Catalan News Il prévoit un budget annuel minimum de 200 millions d'euros, avec un total de 255 millions d'euros alloués pour 2025, le plus élevé jamais consacré à la politique linguistique en Catalogne.
Objectifs principaux du pacte :
Augmenter le nombre de locuteurs du catalan de 600 000 d'ici 2030.
Renforcer l'usage du catalan dans les institutions publiques, les entreprises, les services, et l'éducation.
Promouvoir l'enseignement du catalan pour les adultes, en particulier pour les nouveaux arrivants.
Intégrer le catalan dans le monde du travail et garantir les droits linguistiques des travailleurs.
Améliorer l'offre culturelle en catalan, notamment dans les formats numériques et audiovisuels.
Renforcer l'unité linguistique en Catalogne et à l'international.
Encourager l'engagement de tous les citoyens, quel que soit leur âge, dans la promotion du catalan.
Réactions politiques :
Le Parti Socialiste Catalan (PSC), Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya (ERC) et Comuns soutiennent le pacte, soulignant l'importance du catalan comme « colonne vertébrale de la nation ». Cependant, les partis Junts et la Candidature d'Unité Populaire (CUP) ont exprimé des réserves, critiquant l'absence de consensus et la nécessité d'attendre des décisions judiciaires concernant l'enseignement en catalan.
Investissements par secteur :
Éducation : 104 millions d'euros, dont 78 millions pour l'expansion des classes d'accueil.
Apprentissage pour adultes : 55 millions d'euros, principalement pour relancer le Consortium pour la Normalisation Linguistique.
Culture : 73 millions d'euros pour diversifier l'offre culturelle en catalan.
Travail, justice et santé : Environ 1,2 million d'euros par secteur, jugés insuffisants par certaines organisations.
Ce plan ambitieux vise à inverser la tendance à la baisse de l'usage du catalan, actuellement parlé régulièrement par seulement 32,6 % de la population, contre 36,1 % en 2018. Le gouvernement catalan espère que ces mesures permettront de revitaliser la langue et de renforcer son rôle dans la société catalane..."
https://mobile.abp.bzh/la-catalogne-investira-200-millions-d-euros-pour-promouvoir-la-lang-71616
https://mobile.abp.bzh/la-catalogne-investira-200-millions-d-euros-pour-promouvoir-la-lang-71616
#metaglossia_mundus
Philosophical and literary concerns in Corpus Linguistics was published in Perspectives on Corpus Linguistics on page 171.
"Chair of the English Department at the University of Zimbabwe, Bill Louw contributes with an account of the philosophical aspects in Corpus Linguistics. He states that the popularity of corpora among language researchers in the recent years relates most directly to the search for truth. Louw takes no shortcuts to express his opinions. In one case, for instance, he expresses his opinion that linguists form “an unscientific community”. As regards literary research, Louw brings out the challenges corpora have posed to traditional (and long-held) notions in literature as well as the possibilities of (re)introducing the social aspect in corpus stylistics. In terms of the literature curriculum, he argues that students/teachers should not be forced to use corpora. Instead, the potential of the corpus approach should be demonstrated as a way of inviting them to follow the empirical way..."
https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1075/scl.48.11lou/pdf
#metaglossia_mundus
"Monument littéraire: Etienne Barilier, traducteur de Lichtenberg
Monument littéraire
Etienne Barilier, traducteur intrépide de Lichtenberg
L’écrivain vaudois a traduit la somme de l’Allemand des Lumières, réputé pour ses aphorismes. Désormais, 4000 pages attendent le lecteur.
Boris Senff
Publié: 13.05.2025
L’Allemand Georg Christoph Lichtenberg (1742-1799), physicien, mathématicien et écrivain d’une somme, désormais intégralement traduite en français, une première mondiale.
imago images/H. Tschanz-Hofmann
Abonnez-vous dès maintenant et profitez de la fonction de lecture audio.
En bref:
Les Éditions Noir sur Blanc publient une première traduction intégrale des «Brouillons» de Lichtenberg.
Les écrits du physicien allemand dévoilent une pensée scientifique, philosophique et quotidienne remarquable.
Etienne Barilier a traduit et annoté près de 4000 pages.
L’œuvre reste pertinente aujourd’hui pour son approche critique de la vérité scientifique.
«Il est dangereux pour le perfectionnement de notre esprit d’obtenir l’approbation grâce à des œuvres qui n’exigent pas l’entier de nos forces. En général, on ne fait alors plus rien par la suite.» Voici le type de réflexions que l’on peut trouver dans «Brouillons» I et II, les deux volumes que les Éditions Noir sur Blanc viennent de publier et qui permettent enfin de mesurer l’étendue des intérêts de Georg Christoph Lichtenberg.
Lichtenberg, aphorismes des Lumières
L’homme des Lumières a souvent été réduit à un aphoriste corrosif mais ses notations témoignent de toutes les préoccupations d’un honnête homme de son époque, à savoir la seconde moitié d’un XVIIIe siècle si fécond en pensées révolutionnaires.
Le français se transforme désormais en terre d’accueil pour l’auteur allemand puisqu’elle devient la seule langue à donner la version intégrale de ses «Brouillons». Près de 4000 pages qui ont non seulement été traduites mais aussi annotées par l’auteur vaudois Etienne Barilier. Interview d’un homme qui pourrait prendre à son compte la citation qui ouvre ce papier.
Etienne Barilier, un auteur très actif, aussi au service de l’histoire de la littérature.
Yvonne Boheler
De quand date votre rencontre avec les écrits de Lichtenberg? La fascination a-t-elle été instantanée?
Dans ma jeunesse, je connaissais Lichtenberg par quelques aphorismes et quelques fulgurances: «Potence avec paratonnerre», par exemple. C’est beaucoup plus tard que j’ai mesuré l’ampleur de son œuvre, très loin de se limiter à quelques brillants paradoxes. Les «Brouillons», une sorte de journal intellectuel et intime tout à la fois, sont d’une immense richesse. Ils consignent aussi bien des faits de la vie quotidienne que des notations scientifiques, des réflexions philosophiques ou des récits de rêves. Lichtenberg dialogue avec les penseurs de son temps tout en se penchant sur les mystères de son moi. Par-dessus tout, il est en quête de vérité. Mais il sait, en vrai penseur des Lumières, que cette vérité se dérobe toujours, et que s’il ne faut jamais cesser de la chercher, il ne faut jamais croire qu’on la détient. Dès lors, il médite beaucoup sur le langage, dont il veut exploiter les richesses mais également déjouer les pièges.
Cette traduction de près de 4000 pages représente un travail de titan, comment avez-vous eu le courage de vous y lancer?
Mon envie était suffisamment grande pour que je n’aie pas besoin de courage! Mais il est certain que si je n’avais pas rencontré en Lichtenberg un penseur d’une telle richesse, alliée à une telle originalité, un homme dont on voudrait être l’ami, je n’aurais pu mener ce travail à bien.
Avez-vous rencontré des difficultés particulières en cours de route?
Lichtenberg écrivait sans songer à la publication. Donc certaines de ses réflexions sont elliptiques, certaines de ses allusions difficiles à saisir. En outre, les textes à teneur scientifique, ou les références à l’Antiquité gréco-latine, qui tend à nous devenir étrangère, nécessitent souvent des commentaires. C’est pourquoi les notes en bas de page sont abondantes et, je l’espère, éclairantes!
Quelle lecture conseillez-vous de cet ouvrage? Vous semblez pencher pour une lecture linéaire mais peut-on aussi l’approcher de manière satisfaisante en le picorant?
On peut parfaitement le picorer, comme vous dites, d’autant plus que l’ordre des différents «cahiers» qui composent les «Brouillons» a été établi par les éditeurs, non par l’auteur qui, encore une fois, ne prévoyait pas que ses textes seraient publiés. L’ouvrage comporte des index qui permettent, je l’espère, de naviguer sans trop de mal dans cet océan de pensée. En outre, certains cahiers sont consacrés à des notations scientifiques, tandis que d’autres sont de caractère plus général. En outre, la fin de l’ouvrage est constituée par un véritable journal, avec des notations toujours précisément datées, où l’on découvre ce qu’un homme de son temps confiait de lui-même et de sa vie intime.
Que peut encore nous dire Lichtenberg aujourd’hui?
Quelque chose d’essentiel. Dans une époque, la nôtre, où une partie non négligeable de la population croit que la terre est plate ou que l’on n’a jamais mis le pied sur la lune, une époque où le président des États-Unis met la science en coupe réglée et nomme un «antivax» à la tête du Ministère de la santé, la lecture de Lichtenberg est plus utile et même plus salutaire que jamais. Elle nous apprend à ne pas prendre nos délires pour la réalité, et surtout à ne pas traîner dans la boue l’idéal de vérité.
Il y a peu d’équivalents littéraires de cette sorte de forme: le «Zibaldone» de Leopardi, peut-être?
En effet, le «Zibaldone» de Leopardi, intégralement traduit en français lui aussi, pourrait se comparer aux «Brouillons» de Lichtenberg. Mais la ressemblance est surtout dans l’ampleur des deux œuvres, l’opiniâtreté, la précision, l’honnêteté des deux auteurs. Sinon, Leopardi, pessimiste et romantique, manifeste un sens du tragique absent de l’œuvre de Lichtenberg, qui reste un homme des Lumières, par ailleurs moins obsédé par son moi, passionné par la science de son temps, et riche d’un humour étranger au poète italien.
Lichtenberg, figure dans le monde alémanique, demeure assez mal connu en francophonie malgré l’anthologie de l’humour noir d’André Breton. Cette traduction a-t-elle des chances de le réhabiliter?
Je l’espère. En tout cas, je souhaite aux lecteurs des «Brouillons» d’en être enrichis comme j’ai pu l’être en les traduisant. Et je crois réellement que son exemple nous est précieux pour continuer aujourd’hui le combat des Lumières, plus nécessaire que jamais.
Simultanément, vous publiez un ouvrage sur Lord Byron. Y a-t-il un parallèle à faire entre ces deux auteurs?
À première vue, Lichtenberg, homme des Lumières, et Byron, l’un des pères du romantisme, ont peu de choses en commun. Pourtant, ils ont tous deux le don de l’ironie, qui leur permet de porter un regard aigu sur l’homme et sur le monde. L’œuvre maîtresse de Byron, «Don Juan», est un chef-d’œuvre d’ironie.
Georg Christoph Lichtenberg, «Brouillons», Éd. Noir sur Blanc (2 vol., 3754 p.). Traduction, présentation et annotations d’Etienne Barilier.
Etienne Barilier, «Byron. Le poète en action», Éd. Savoir suisse, 208 p."
https://www.24heures.ch/monument-litteraire-etienne-barilier-traducteur-de-lichtenberg-247576306885
#metaglossia_mundus
"Les pays BRICS plaident pour un renforcement des échanges culturels à travers la traduction et la publication de livres 13 mai 2025, 19:33 Code d'info: 85832089 Téhéran - IRNA - Les responsables culturels des pays membres des BRICS ont insisté ce mardi 13 mai sur l'importance d'augmenter les échanges culturels entre les membres de ce groupe, notamment par la traduction et la publication des livres de chaque pays.
La rencontre culturelle et littéraire des membres des BRICS s'est tenue ce mardi matin,13 mai, lors du 36e Salon international du livre de Téhéran, en présence de plusieurs attachés culturels des pays membres des BRICS et des responsables des stands étrangers du salon.
Hossein Sabzeh, directeur général du comité des éditeurs étrangers du Salon international du livre de Téhéran, a déclaré lors de cette rencontre que le prochain forum culturel des pays BRICS serait organisé en juin de cette année, avec la participation du ministre de la Culture et de l'Orientation islamique de la République islamique d'Iran.
Il a ajouté que la première rencontre culturelle des BRICS avait été organisée en février dernier par la Maison de la culture russe, avec la participation de représentants d'Iran, d'Inde et de Russie, et que les thèmes culturels communs avaient été examinés lors de l'événement."
https://fr.irna.ir/news/85832089/Les-pays-BRICS-plaident-pour-un-renforcement-des-%C3%A9changes-culturels #metaglossia_mundus
From Merriam-Webster to Oxford, explore how usage labels and notes help writers navigate language changes and context.
"Dictionary labels: What terms like ‘slang,’ ‘dated,’ and ‘regional’ tell us By Susan HermanMay 13, 20256 Mins Read opens in a new window opens in a new window opens in a new window
Dictionaries are one of the most important tools writers have at their fingertips, besides a good style guide. They not only tell us what words mean; they also tell us the history of those words, how to pronounce them, and how they are used in different contexts. Further, each dictionary uses its own set of labels that give specific information on how words are used, such as “informal” and “slang.” As Georgia Southern University professor, writer, and editor Richard Nordquist explained in an article for ThoughtCo, labels and usage notes indicate “… particular limitations on the use of a word, or particular contexts or registers [or how we use language differently in different circumstances, whether in speaking, writing, or even sign language].” Over the years, these labels have expanded in line with our changing language.
First, let’s touch briefly on the history of dictionaries and how labels came to be. According to Oxford Dictionaries, the earliest dictionaries were nothing more than “glossaries that translated Latin words into Old English, the form of English spoken before about 1100 AD.” The first monolingual dictionaries appeared in about 1600 and mostly defined the “hard words” in English. By the 1800s, dictionaries started to expand their entries to include pronunciation, word origin, and parts of speech. In the 19th and 20th centuries, they became more inclusive and began to cover “… types of language that had not previously been considered appropriate, for example slang, regional words, or technical jargon.”
Today, dictionaries focus on how words are used in the real world. Most modern dictionaries have moved away from being prescriptive – stating how words “should” be used – and are descriptive – meaning they simply describe current usage. Most dictionaries are now online, which means they can offer even more, like multimedia and interactive content. But their basic purpose is still the same: to tell us what words mean.
Of course, different dictionaries vary in the number and types of labels used. In his analysis of Samuel Johnson’s 1755 “Dictionary of the English Language” in the “English Diachronic Pragmatics” journal, University of Milan professor Giovanni Iamartino points out that usage labels and notes have been around almost as long as dictionaries have. But labels in Johnson’s and other early dictionaries were more pragmatic, meaning they were more about the word than the speaker and how they were using it. As Iamartino puts it, “… in the earlier phases such labels and notes played a stigmatizing role, or at least were monitors of correct usage, [while] in modern lexicography their function is simply descriptive.”
So now let’s look at some examples of dictionary labels and usage notes. For purposes of this discussion, we’ll focus mainly on two well-known dictionaries – Oxford and Merriam-Webster – but we’ll also touch on some others.
Merriam-Webster uses three types of status labels “… to signal that a word or a sense of a word is not part of the standard vocabulary of English”: temporal, regional, and stylistic. Its temporal labels include “obsolete” and “archaic.”
“Obsolete” means the word hasn’t been used in that sense since 1755, like “perdu,” meaning “a soldier assigned to extremely hazardous duty,” which carries the “obsolete” label in its entry. If the thing being described is obsolete, Merriam-Webster will note that in the definition itself, like one of the definitions of “catapult,” which reads “an ancient military device for hurling missiles.” And the entry for “catapult” also has different, non-obsolete definitions listed too.
“Archaic,” on the other hand, is used for “a word or sense once in common use [but] found today only sporadically or in special contexts,” like “goody,” meaning “a usually married woman of lowly station.”
Regional labels, as the name implies, indicate where a word or term is used. You may also see “chiefly” before some of these labels, to indicate that the word has limited usage outside of that region, And some words have double regional labels, meaning they are used in both areas. For example, “banquette,” when used to mean “sidewalk,” carries the label “Southern U.S.”; and “dinkum,” meaning “authentic” or “genuine,” includes the label “Australia and New Zealand.”
Merriam-Webster uses the stylistic labels “disparaging,” “offensive,” “obscene,” and “vulgar” for “… words or senses that in common use are intended to hurt or shock or that are likely to give offense even when they are used without such an intent.” For example, the entry for “lame,” in the sense of “unable or only partially able to use a body part and especially a limb,” includes the double label “dated, now usually offensive” and a whole usage paragraph to explain why it is problematic. And another stylistic label is “nonstandard” for “…words or senses that are disapproved by many but that have some currency in reputable contexts.” A great example of nonstandard usage is the word “irregardless,” which we discussed in Episode 954.
Besides these three main categories, Merriam-Webster sometimes uses a subject label or guide phrase to explain how and when a word is specifically used. For example, the entry for “antimagnetic,” meaning “having a balance unit composed of alloys that will not remain magnetized” includes the guide phrase “of a watch.” And this dictionary will also sometimes include a usage note for “function” words – like prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections – that are hard to define and carry little meaning in and of themselves. For example, the entry for “wow,” when used as an interjection, includes the note “used to express strong feeling, such as pleasure or surprise,” which is more of a description than a definition.
The other “Big Daddy” of dictionaries, the Oxford English Dictionary, sorts its usage labels into three categories: register, region, and subject. Its register labels are extensive and more detailed than in other dictionaries. The temporal labels “archaic” – “used in old-fashioned or historical contexts” – and “dated” – “old-fashioned, but used within the last 100 years” – fall into this category. Like Merriam-Webster, Oxford’s register labels include “derogatory” and “offensive.” But also on the list are several types of slang – “vulgar,” “military,” “nautical,” and even “rhyming” and “theatrical” – and some that are more culturally based, like “dialect,” “euphemistic,” “humorous,” “rare,” and “ironic,” among others.
Oxford uses region labels similarly to Merriam-Webster but does not call out words used in two different regions. Its subject labels – such as “art,” “ecology,” “finance,” “medicine,” are very specific and can help dictionary users figure out jargon and context. The Oxford Learner’s Dictionary of Academic English includes a long list of labels that indicate academic subject areas, including “anatomy,” “biology,” “economics,” “engineering,” “finance,” “mathematics,” and my favorite – “linguistics.”
In contrast to Merriam-Webster and Oxford, the Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionaryopens pdf file has a shorter list of labels but does include some interesting ones not found in other dictionaries, like “child’s word/expression,” “female” and “male” (for words like “starlet” and “effeminate”), “polite usage,” and “approving” and “disapproving” (for words like “feisty” and “newfangled”).
So next time you crack open – or more likely, click on – a dictionary, pay attention to any labels and how they can help guide your usage. You might learn something new!
Susan Herman Facebook Susan Herman is a retired U.S. government analytic editor, language analyst, and language instructor" https://www.quickanddirtytips.com/articles/dictionary-labels/
#metaglossia_mundus
"Le défi d'une intelligence artificielle pour et par l'Afrique
Lors de sa première audience officielle, le 10 mai dernier, Léon XIV a clairement mis en évidence les opportunités et les dangers de l’intelligence artificielle pour l’humanité. En Afrique, le développement de cette nouvelle technologie peut aggraver les inégalités, et il est urgent de penser à une intelligence artificielle «conçue par les Africains et pour les Africains» selon Carmel Bissoué, spécialiste en transformation numérique.
Entretien mené par Augustine Asta – Cité du Vatican
«L'intelligence artificielle requiert une certaine responsabilité pour qu'elle soit réellement au service de l'humanité tout entière», a souligné le Pape Léon XIV ce lundi 12 mai devant 3000 journalistes et représentants des médias en salle Paul VI. Bien avant, au troisième jour de son pontificat, le 10 mai dernier, le Souverain pontife avait prononcé son tout premier discours devant le collège des cardinaux dans la salle du Synode au Vatican. L’occasion était donnée au Pape américain de rappeler l’héritage de Léon XIII, expliquant qu’avec l'encyclique historique Rerum novarum, Léon XIII le 256e évêque de Rome (1878-1903), avait abordé la question sociale dans le contexte de la première grande révolution industrielle. C’est pourquoi aujourd'hui, a estimé le nouvel évêque de Rome, «l'Église offre à tous son héritage de doctrine sociale, pour répondre à une autre révolution industrielle et aux développements de l'intelligence artificielle, qui posent de nouveaux défis pour la défense de la dignité humaine, de la justice et du travail».
Ces nouveaux défis sont palpables sur le continent africain. Au cours d'un récent sommet sur l'intelligence artificielle au Rwanda, les experts ont fait savoir qu'il existe de profondes fractures en Afrique dans le domaine de l'IA, aussi bien entre les générations qu’entre les hommes et les femmes. Avec plus de 2 000 langues parlées sur le continent, l’enjeu de l’intégration culturelle est de taille. Il est nécessaire explique Carmel Bissoué, spécialiste en transformation numérique, de mettre en place «une IA adaptée au continent», mais surtout «conçue par les Africains et pour les Africains». Entretien.
Quel peut être le meilleur modèle d’intelligence artificielle pour le continent africain? Comment se positionne en effet le continent face à cette avancée technologique majeure?
La première réponse serait de dire qu’on ne pourrait pas avoir un seul modèle pour l'Afrique. Nous parlons près de 2000 langues sur le continent. Donc avoir un seul modèle qui serait propre à l'Afrique serait pour moi, un peu utopique. L'idée serait de partir vraiment sur des intelligences artificielles sous-régionales où les États se mettront ensemble pour mutualiser leurs efforts afin de bâtir une infrastructure IA adapté pour les populations du continent africain. Et il faudra intégrer à cette IA les différentes langues nationales qui sont parlées dans cette aire géographique pour résoudre les problèmes d'inégalités, et l’accès équitable à l'énergie électrique et à Internet par exemple. L'intelligence artificielle doit être construite pour l'Afrique et doit pouvoir répondre à ces problématiques d'énergie, de connectivité et de langue.
13/02/2019
Le Vatican et Microsoft lancent un prix sur l’éthique dans l’intelligence artificielleLe président de Microsoft, Brad Smith, a été reçu par le Pape François mercredi 13 février en audience privée au Vatican.
D'après certaines estimations, l'intelligence artificielle pourrait rapporter 2 900 milliards de dollars à l'économie africaine d'ici 2030…L'Afrique peut-elle tirer son épingle du jeu en matière d'IA et rester souveraine face aux géants mondiaux?
Le récent sommet sur l'IA au Rwanda a montré l'effervescence qu'il y a autour de l'intelligence artificielle sur le continent. Une véritable économie pourrait se mettre en place autour de cette intelligence artificielle et plusieurs pays, mais aussi des particuliers sont en train de vouloir saisir cette perche pour pouvoir bâtir cette économie de l'intelligence artificielle en Afrique. Il y a plusieurs acteurs qui proposent déjà des solutions sur la base de l'intelligence artificielle. Il y a par exemple ce projet de traitement automatique qui a déjà entraîné des modèles d'intelligence artificielle sur près de 50 langues africaines, dont le wolof (langue parlée au Sénégal et en Mauritanie) et le yoruba (parlée sur la rive droite du fleuve Niger). L’objectif est d’avoir une intelligence artificielle proche des réalités des populations, et qui pourra résoudre le problème de la fracture numérique et de l'adoption.
Il faut aussi dire que l'intelligence artificielle, ce n'est pas que de l’IA générative. Elle englobe plein d'autres aspects, notamment la robotique, l'apprentissage automatique comme le ‘‘deep learning’’, ou encore du traitement de langage naturel. Donc un algorithme qui est développé par un humain, renvoie à la réalité, à la philosophie de la personne qui développe cette intelligence artificielle. Toutes les intelligences artificielles actuelles ne prennent pas en compte les spécificités africaines. L’IA développée par les États-Unis, prend en compte la manière dont les États-Unis voient le monde et les réalités américaines. Il faudrait aujourd'hui que l'Afrique se positionne également sur ces sujets-là pour pouvoir dire également comment elle voit le monde, comment est-ce qu'elle l'appréhende, comment elle le comprend. D'arrêter de subir ce que les autres font et de pouvoir proposer également des solutions d'intelligence artificielle qui viendrait résoudre les problèmes propres des Africains que seuls les Africains maîtrisent et non pas les Européens, les Américains ou les Chinois.
“Aujourd'hui l'Afrique doit pouvoir également raconter à travers ses outils, à travers sa technologie, sa vision des choses. Et cela passe également par une IA qui intègre ses langues nationales”
Aussi il faut définir un cadre juridique de l'intelligence artificielle. Voir comment est-ce qu'on encadre ces données, pour permettre à ce que l'intelligence artificielle puisse se développer dans des conditions plutôt sereines, pour attirer des investissements, des talents et aussi développer une intelligence artificielle ou des intelligences artificielles propres au contexte africain.
27/02/2025
Saint-Siège: l'IA est une ressource pour la «paix», mais aussi une menace «existentielle»Au Forum de l'OSCE pour la sécurité et la coopération, Mgr Richard Gyhra, représentant permanent auprès de l'Organisation pour la sécurité et la coopération en Europe, met en garde ...
Que faire pour que l’IA ne puisse pas creuser les inégalités entre les populations?
C'est déjà d'avoir une IA au service des populations qu'elle va servir. Une IA, développée par des Africains pour des Africains. Si la personne qui développe l'intelligence artificielle a en tête le public qu'elle va servir, elle va tenir compte des réalités de sa cible. Ainsi, cette IA pourrait très bien permettre de réduire des inégalités, permettre à des gens qui sont dans des zones reculées d'apprendre, de se former dans leur langue nationale, sans pouvoir apprendre une autre langue. Cela serait un gros apport que l'intelligence artificielle apportera pour le développement de l'Afrique.
Il faut donc une IA inclusive, éthique, qui serait multilingue, qui pourrait vraiment permettre à des Africains d'apprendre de nouvelles choses qui sont faites ailleurs. Et il y a de la place pour pouvoir avoir une intelligence artificielle qui n'aggrave pas les inégalités, qui est proche des personnes, des populations, qui comprend les besoins des populations et qui serait adoptée par les populations. Avec le mobile money (ndlr, paiement par mobile), on a vu une solution qui a été pensée pour les Africains, qui a été adopté et qui a permis de réduire, par exemple, l'inclusion financière en Afrique.
Quels sont les autres défis de la mise en place de l’IA éthique en Afrique?
Le premier défi, c’est qu’il faut que les États africains se saisissent de la question. Il faut fixer un cadre dans lequel les acteurs qui veulent évoluer dans le marché de l'intelligence artificielle puissent savoir exactement ce que l'État prévoit de faire ou prévoit de ne pas faire avec les données collectées. Une intelligence artificielle in fine, ce sont des données qu'elle manipule pour pouvoir apporter des réponses à vos questions. Le premier niveau pour moi de responsabilité se trouve au niveau de nos États. Il faut donner un cadre juridique à l'intelligence artificielle. Il y a déjà plusieurs pays qui sont en train de légiférer sur cette question. La Côte d'Ivoire a légiféré autour d'un document-cadre sur l'adoption et l'utilisation de l'intelligence artificielle dans le pays. Donc lorsque ce cadre est défini, il serait bon de pouvoir attirer des investisseurs qui viendraient investir dans des data centers (ndlr, centres de données). Pour cela, il faut des infrastructures robustes, il faut une connectivité robuste également pour pouvoir avoir déjà l'infrastructure qui nous permet de prétendre avoir cette intelligence artificielle "Made in Africa". Aujourd'hui l'Afrique n'a pas toujours les talents en mesure de développer l'intelligence artificielle de bout en bout. C’est pourquoi il faut attirer des talents, assainir le cadre juridique, assainir le cadre socio-économique autour de cette technologie.
Aujourd'hui, nous utilisons tous à peu près le cloud sur nos téléphones, WhatsApp, Facebook, etc... Et nous produisons énormément de données mais nous ne sommes pas maître de la donnée que nous produisons. L'idée, c'est de reprendre la main sur cette donnée-là, d'avoir des infrastructures locales qui puissent pouvoir garantir la souveraineté de nos données, de pouvoir répondre à cette question de savoir où est-ce que mes données se trouvent? Comment est-ce qu'elles sont traitées? Qui les traitent? Il faut vraiment mettre un visage, un peu d'humanisme dans nos données et faire confiance à des acteurs locaux qui proposent déjà des solutions cloud en Afrique qui ne sont pas différentes des solutions qu'on verra ailleurs. Sur le continent, ST Digital propose un cloud souverain, 100% africain. Il y a d’autres acteurs locaux qui proposent ce même niveau de service, ce même niveau de standard que proposerait un géant comme Amazon, Microsoft ou OVH par exemple.
https://www.vaticannews.va/fr/vatican/news/2025-05/leon-xiv-defi-intelligence-artificielle-afrique-continent-danger.html
#metaglossia_mundus
The designation of English as an official language by President Donald Trump could infringe on First Amendment speech and press rights, depending on how it's implemented.
Written by , published on May 13, 2025 last updated on May 13, 2025
President Donald Trump captured the sentiment of some Americans with his executive order designating English as the official U.S. language in March 2025, but the presidential order could violate the First Amendment if the government uses it to control how people speak or in what language they publish. In this photo from 2007, Joseph Vento, owner of Geno's Steaks in Philadelphia, displays a sign that was at his restaurant during a recess of a hearing over the sign. Vento had said he posted it because of concerns over immigration reform and the increasing number of people who couldn't order in English. (AP Photo/Matt Rourke, File)
Among the many orders President Donald Trump issued during the first 100 days of his second term was an order on March 1, 2025, that designated English as the official language of the United States. Although many states, especially those in the South and the Great Plains, have already declared English the official language, prior legislative attempts by Congress to do so have failed. So have attempts to adopt a national constitutional amendment on the subject (Vile 2023, I: 192-93). Opposition to such attempts stems from concerns that English-only laws could violate First Amendment protections for freedoms of speech and press and equal protection and due process provisions in the Fifth and 14th Amendments. Trump says one language is needed for national unityIn Section 1 of Trump’s Executive Order 14224, he indicated that “From the founding of our Republic, English has been used as our national language.” Noting that both the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution were written in English, Trump’s order said, “A nationally designated language is the core of a unified and cohesive society, and the United States is strengthened by a citizenry that can freely exchange ideas in one shared language.” The order posited that “a policy of encouraging the learning and adoption of our national language will make the United States a shared home and empower new citizens to achieve the American dream.” Trump described the order as recognizing and celebrating “the long tradition of multilingual American citizens who have learned English and passed it to their children for generations to come.” Citing how one language promotes unity, Trump concluded, “It is in America’s best interest for the Federal Government to designate one – and only one – official language.” He touted this as streamlining communication, reinforcing “shared national values,” and creating “a more cohesive and efficient society.” One issue is printing government information in other languagesThe implications of the order remain to be worked out in practice. Section 3 specifically revokes Executive Order 13166 of August 11, 2000, which President Bill Clinton issued providing for “Improving Access to Services for Persons with Limited English Proficiency. Although revoking Clinton’s order, Trump indicated that his order neither “requires or directs any change in the services provided by any agency.” “Agency heads are not required to amend, remove, or otherwise stop production of documents, products, or other services prepared or offered in languages other than English,” the order says. However, it also provided that “(t)he Attorney General shall rescind any policy guidance documents issued pursuant to Executive Order 13166 and provide updated guidance, consistent with applicable law.” Taken in conjunction with Trump’s efforts to deport undocumented immigrants and his attacks on diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives, his order may well send “an unprecedented official signal” that those who speak other languages, like Spanish, are not welcome (Perlin 2025). One commentator noted that “freedom of speech means nothing if it does not mean the freedom to speak any of the world’s 7,000-plus languages” (Perlin 2015). Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and court decisions continue to require federal funding recipients to have access to services in their own language. Still, Trump’s order will undoubtedly add uncertainty to state and local governments receiving federal support for such services. (Hofstetter 2025). John R. Vile is a political science professor and dean of the Honors College at Middle Tennessee State University. https://firstamendment.mtsu.edu/article/executive-order-designating-english-as-official-u-s-language/ #metaglossia_mundus
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Ave Lutter, Maksim Jegorov 20.07.2024 "On Thursday, July 18, British singer, multi-instrumentalist and composer Jacob Collier performed at the Tartu Song Festival Grounds (Lauluväljak) with Take 6. In an interview with ETV show "Aktuaalne kaamera", Collier said that for him, music is one of the best languages in the world for translating life into emotion.
London-based multi-instrumentalist Jacob Collier has been named by many prestigious publications as one of the most innovative musicians of his generation. His work is influenced by a range of styles from pop to jazz as well as classical music.
"I think music comes from life. All the best ideas come from life itself and all the best sounds and feelings come from life. Music is one of the best languages in the world for translating life into emotion. So, I look around at the world, I listen to the world and the people I know, and musical heroes of mine. And it all comes together like a great big explosion and that's how music is born," Collier told ERR.
At the Tartu show, Collier was joined on stage by one of biggest musical influences - legendary American a cappella sextet Take 6.
"Take 6 taught me a sense of harmony when I was a teenager. They were in some ways my greatest heroes. They are amazing musicians," said Collier. "When I was growing up, I used to listen to them singing and it was very inspiring. So, to perform with them now here in Tartu is very cool."
Collier was also joined on stage by the specially assembled Tartu 2024 Symphony Orchestra, conducted by Valter Soosalu.
"Collier is an extremely quick musical thinker and performer. It's impressive to see how much versatility one professional can have. As a musician, he is like a little wonder of the world, which is great to see from the sidelines, especially up close," said Soosalu.
Collier has released four solo albums to date and won five Grammy Awards. His ability to connect with concert audiences has also attracted particular attention from fans.
"The dialogue between the audience and the performers on stage, the synergy was very immediate and in some ways, you could even say intimate, even though it was a really large scale operation. I think this was the most special concert of the year," said Soosalu."
#metaglossia_mundus: https://news.err.ee/1609401931/jacob-collier-to-err-music-is-the-best-language-to-translate-life-into-emotion