Climate change, urban renewal, typhoons, land redistribution: enjoy this selection of material brought to you courtesy of the Rondebosch Boys' High School Library (If you would like to receive a weekly newsletter of the latest items in this Scoop just mail me at library@rondebosch.com)
In FrackNation journalist Phelim McAleer faces threats, cops and bogus lawsuits questioning green extremists for the truth about fracking. McAleer uncovers fracking facts suppressed by environmental activists, and he talks with rural Americans whose livelihoods are at risk if fracking is banned. Emotions run high but the truth runs deep.
FrackNation was made after Phelim McAleer confronted GASLAND filmmaker Josh Fox at a Q&A in Chicago. McAleer asked Fox about instances of water being lit on fire well before fracking occurred in America and why he didn’t include that information in GASLAND. Fox said the information “wasn’t relevant.” McAleer disagreed and put their exchange on YouTube. Fox sued to have it removed. That’s when McAleer realized there was more to the story of fracking than Josh Fox was letting on.
Map Stack is a web app that lets anyone create and customize maps based on data from OpenStreetMap. The app lets users change backgrounds, labels, add satellite imagery, and fine tune map colors. Map Stack was created by San Francisco design and technology studio Stamen Design.
Wind is everywhere. The air is constantly moving, sometimes gently, sometimes violently. Why? Pressure, temperature and rotation come together to make wind. Here's how.
THERE is nothing that the development of a multibillion-rand shale gas industry would not change in the quiet, 250-million-year-old landscape of the Karoo.
Currently the semi-desert area is home to just two people per square kilometre, most making a quiet living below the breadline.
Agriculture brings in about 12% of the money generated in the Karoo, but the biggest income is earned from the transport industry as passing trucks and their drivers are serviced and served by the local community.
In Iceland, researchers hope to watch volcanoes closely enough to predict eruptions. In Sicily, the most closely watched volcano continues to be unpredictable. In Alaska, researchers are running out of the necessary funding to try. As Alaska's Mount Pavlof continues to pump out smoke and ash (that's it belching above), one question is on volcano watchers worldwide: When's the next big one?
Pavlof is on the Aleutian Arc about 625 miles from Anchorage, and began erupting on May 13, jetting lava and sending an ash cloud 20,000 feet into the air. It looks fantastic from space.
PLAAS does research, policy engagement, teaching and training about the dynamics of chronic poverty and structural inequality in Southern Africa, with a particular emphasis on the key role of restructuring and contesting land holding and agro-food systems in the subcontinent and beyond.
Go here to access the rest of their useful graphics around land use and distribution in South Africa...
The at times bitter debate about land reform in South Africa is far from over and a cabinet minister has given notice that the issue will come up for “close and careful” interpretation of "the implementation regime of the policies” to be discussed by the National Conference of the African Nation Congress in December. Judged by international experience, it is unlikely that the final word will be spoken on the issue in Mangaung.
In his closing remarks at the recent general meeting of the African Farmers Association of South Africa Minister of Rural Development and Land Reform Gugile Nkwinti, said the National Policy Conference of the ruling party “adopted institutional and political processes which must be implemented by the state to achieve a radical change in the systems, patterns, ownership and control of land and landed assets". The Department of Rural Development and Land Reform, working with partners in the sector, has advanced a great deal towards achieving the goal.
It is something many South Africans do not want to hear and would probably find hard to believe: Zimbabwe’s radical land redistribution has worked and agricultural production is on levels comparable to the time before the process started.
What is more meaningful is that the production levels were achieved by 245 000 black farmers on the land previously worked by some 6 000 white farmers.
I got this information from a new book, Zimbabwe Takes Back its Land by Joseph Hanlon, Jeanette Manjengwa and Teresa Smart.
One of the democratic government's biggest challenges has been to undo the notorious Natives Land Act of 1913 with land reform.
It started the process of depriving black South Africans of the right to own land in the country of their birth and became one of the cornerstones of apartheid. One of the democratic government’s biggest challenges has been to undo the Act with land reform. But as one black North West farmer has found, the process has also had some unintended consequences.
‘This is our farm. We bought it. Look at this title deed. Look carefully, whose name is there? That is my father’s name,” George Mphela, the oldest son of the late Amos, says passionately, as he points with his right index finger at the title deed he’s holding in his left hand.
The Great White North was pelted by 'ice tsunamis' over the weekend: walls of ice forming on the Great Lakes were pushed inland, destroying a couple dozen homes in Manitoba. No one was harmed, but 27 houses were completely crushed. Not to be insensitive to the homeless Canadians, but these tsunamis are actually pretty stunning to watch in action.
The event isn't too uncommon, and is prone to happen when strong winds kick up over large lakes after a late season cold spell. A smaller, less disastrous ice tsunami crept into Minnesota, where a resident caught the event on video. It's beautiful, in a sci-fi special effects kind of way:
In Part 1 of his video series on bizarre borders, C. G. P. Grey looks at countries that are completely surrounded by another country (like Vatican City), and countries that have only one neighbor (like Portugal).
January 19th marked the 100th anniversary of the signing into law of the 1913 Natives' Land Act. Below are ten extracts from contemporaneous texts of the time, or history books written after.
The fascinating short documentary “Poynton Regenerated” by Martin Cassini tells the tale of Poynton, a small English village that removed the traffic lights, signs, and sidewalks from its busiest central intersection last year in an effort to revitalize its town square and alleviate traffic. The project is an example of the shared space street design concept, and while it may sound like chaos, it works remarkably well (see the before and after footage in the documentary). The redesign was the work of road designer Ben Hamilton-Baillie. For more on Poynton’s revitalization, see this article on The Atlantic Cities.
This presentation argues that much of rural poverty is still concentrated in the 'labour reserves' of the former-homelands. Meanwhile, agriculture as a share of GDP has fallen from 9.1% in 1961 to 2.8% in 2010, but many households engage is very small-scale agriculture, while depending on social grants, wage employment, remittances, and small informal sector enterprises. However, even in rural areas, the biggest contributor to income is formal employment, and our economy has strong links between urban and rural poles, with rural-urban and urban-rural migration being common within households. Most black households involved in agriculture use it as an extra source of food, although for a fairly substantial minority it is the main source of food. In between are about 200,000 people engaged in market oriented small-scale agriculture.
Our water systems and the method we water our taps is in desperate need of updating.
Andrew Brown explains in this video published by water activist Brad Lancaster that our infrastructure actually drains away our free, clean rainwater, often contaminating it, forcing the inhabitants of a city to all buy shipped in water from a big company.
But he has a solution and it’s terribly easy. It turns out the city of Tucson uses less water than what actually rains, it’s just a matter of harvesting that freewater.
He started by removing a notch in the sidewalk barrier to divert water onto some trees. Now, the project has literally bloomed around the world.
It's about that time. The lights are back on, and theres a plume of smoke pumping out of that dirty old Frankenstorm factory we all built. Storms' a-comin'.
Hurricane season officially begins on June 1st, and climatologists and meteorologists are bracing for another "above normal" or "extremely active" season. Above normal because humans built that frankenstorm factory in the first place, when we loaded up the atmosphere and the oceans with carbon and methane and cranked up the greenhouse effect. Now government climate forecasters say we're in for another hell of a season these next few months.
Burning fields, demonstrations and clashes between police and farm workers: in 2012, farms in South Africa’s Western Cape province witnessed a wave of anger and violence during protests against low wages and poor living conditions. Old patterns of ownership and power still produce tense human relations on many of the forty thousand private farms in South Africa. For farm workers and dwellers, tenure insecurity, harsh living conditions or forced evictions have persisted in the democratic era. This study of commercial farms in Limpopo examines how recent changes – economic restructuring, land reform and migration – are affecting people living on farms, as seen through the eyes of workers, dwellers, managers and owners. Here women, men and children strive to defend their tenure, livelihoods and justice on farms that are being shaped by local and global economic forces. Stark contrasts between constitutional rights and lived realities exist.
Land reform received a fair amount of attention in President Jacob Zuma’s 2013 State of the Nation Address.
Sceptics will say “we’ve heard it all before, now show us that something will happen” and the pessimists will say “there is no virtue in admitting failure and government still doesn’t understand the fundamental challenges facing land reform and the land claims process”.
The more positive view would be that Zuma has always placed land reform on the top of his agenda and that it was inevitable the process of identifying the central challenges in land reform would take up the five years of the policy cycle between the Polokwane and Mangaung conferences. The performance of the present government is dealt with in a departmental mid-term review released in 2012.
THIS year marks the centenary of the 1913 Land Act. Yet, very little is in the public debate about its multiple legacies in the present.
The centenary of the Land Act occurs 18 years after the South African constitution was enacted into law. While the function of the constitution in any society is broader than redressing past injustices; there can be no question that such redress is central in laying foundations for a society based on justice, freedom and equality – in all meanings. There is general acceptance that South Africa’s land reform and redress has been frustratingly low. This is acknowledged by the leaders of the country as it is equally experienced by the communities who live with the legacy of that dispossession. Why is this so?
At the Franschhoek Literary Festival last weekend, I had another opportunity to debate Jonathan Deal, the environmental activist opposed to shale gas drilling in the Karoo who recently shot to world fame for winning a rich environmental prize. I didn’t come away from the debate with the usual feeling that I had missed opportunities, but it did raise some issues that are worth closer examination.
I have also studied the claims of environmental risk asserted by activist groups, and declared myself to be cautiously in favour of exploiting our potentially vast shale gas reserves. I believe the risks are minimal and manageable, and an abundant domestic source of natural gas has the potential to relieve South Africa’s electricity crisis, lower the cost of energy, present gas and liquid petroleum export opportunities, create local jobs, and stimulate domestic industry.
Yesterday Google released a trove of timelapse imagesthat offers, it believes, ”the most comprehensive picture of our changing planet ever made available to the public.” Featuring a quarter-century of images taken from space by NASA and the U.S. Geological Survey, the repository lets you witness the retreat of glaciers (see above), the deforestation of wide swathes of rainforest, the growth of sprawling cities, and the building of huge artificial islands, all happening in timelapse motion.
To create its Timelapse website, Google “sifted through 2,068,467 images—a total of 909 terabytes of data—to find the highest-quality pixels … for every year since 1984 and for every spot on Earth.” They then used this data to create composite images for each year, all viewable in browsable HTML5 animation. Some striking images have also been posted on Google+.
Abstract: The rampage of hooliganism, criminality, housing problems, infrastructural decay, social vices, environmental degradation and traffic congestion have been considered outcomes of rapid population growth and tremendous pressure on civic infrastructure systems. Urban renewal is perceived to play an important role in the policy towards sustainable development of cities. The study achieves this through a literature review of urban renewal programmes and draws out implications for effective urban renewal programme in Nigeria.
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