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Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia is a haemolytic disease resulting from an autoimmune reaction to the surface of red blood cells. A part of autoantibody is known to react with the blood type antigen. 
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"Autoantibody profiling can predict primary Sjögren's syndrome years before diagnosis" http://t.co/CuPMQQE4qc
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Arthritis Rheumatol. 2015 Jun 24. doi: 10.1002/art.39214. [Epub ahead of print]
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Clin Chim Acta. 2015 Jun 15. pii: S0009-8981(15)00286-7. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.06.006. [Epub ahead of print]
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by Michael Donahoe, Vincent G. Valentine, Nydia Chien, Kevin F. Gibson, Jay S. Raval, Melissa Saul, Jianmin Xue, Yingze Zhang, Steven R.
AbstractBackground
Severe acute exacerbations (AE) of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are medically untreatable and often fatal within days. Recent evidence suggests autoantibodies may be involved in IPF progression. Autoantibody-mediated lung diseases are typically refractory to glucocorticoids and nonspecific medications, but frequently respond to focused autoantibody reduction treatments. We conducted a pilot trial to test the hypothesis that autoantibody-targeted therapies may also benefit AE-IPF patients. Methods
Eleven (11) critically-ill AE-IPF patients with no evidence of conventional autoimmune diseases were treated with therapeutic plasma exchanges (TPE) and rituximab, supplemented in later cases with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Plasma anti-epithelial (HEp-2) autoantibodies and matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP7) were evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence and ELISA, respectively. Outcomes among the trial subjects were compared to those of 20 historical control AE-IPF patients treated with conventional glucocorticoid therapy prior to this experimental trial. Results
Nine (9) trial subjects (82%) had improvements of pulmonary gas exchange after treatment, compared to one (5%) historical control. Two of the three trial subjects who relapsed after only five TPE responded again with additional TPE. The three latest subjects who responded to an augmented regimen of nine TPE plus rituximab plus IVIG have had sustained responses without relapses after 96-to-237 days. Anti-HEp-2 autoantibodies were present in trial subjects prior to therapy, and were reduced by TPE among those who responded to treatment. Conversely, plasma MMP7 levels were not systematically affected by therapy nor correlated with clinical responses. One-year survival of trial subjects was 46+15% vs. 0% among historical controls. No serious adverse events were attributable to the experimental medications. Conclusion
This pilot trial indicates specific treatments that reduce autoantibodies might benefit some severely-ill AE-IPF patients. These findings have potential implications regarding mechanisms of IPF progression, and justify considerations for incremental trials of autoantibody-targeted therapies in AE-IPF patients. Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01266317 Via Krishan Maggon
Krishan Maggon 's curator insight,
June 18, 2015 2:55 AM
Citation: Donahoe M, Valentine VG, Chien N, Gibson KF, Raval JS, Saul M, et al. (2015) Autoantibody-Targeted Treatments for Acute Exacerbations of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. PLoS ONE 10(6): e0127771. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0127771
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Clinical and Pathological Roles of Ro/SSA Autoantibody System - http://t.co/GNY57exmkE
Gilbert C FAURE's insight:
2012
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Role of autoantibody testing
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Front Immunol. 2015 May 13;6:228. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00228. eCollection 2015. Review
Gilbert C FAURE's insight:
Autoantibodies against a panoply of self-antigens are seen in systemic lupus erythematosus, but only a few (anti-Sm/RNP, anti-Ro/La, anti-dsDNA) are common. The common lupus autoantigens are nucleic acid complexes and levels of autoantibodies can be extraordinarily high. We explore why that is the case. Lupus is associated with impaired central or peripheral B-cell tolerance and increased circulating autoreactive B cells. However, terminal differentiation is necessary for autoantibody production. Nucleic acid components of the major lupus autoantigens are immunostimulatory ligands for toll-like receptor (TLR)7 or TLR9 that promote plasma cell differentiation. We show that the levels of autoantibodies against the U1A protein (part of a ribonucleoprotein) are markedly higher than autoantibodies against other antigens, including dsDNA and the non-nucleic acid-associated autoantigens insulin and thyroglobulin. In addition to driving autoantibody production, TLR7 engagement is likely to contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory disease in lupus.
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RT @IMxWatch: Anti-endothelin receptor type A autoantibody in SLE associated PAH #PAH #SLE
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Suppression of autoimmunity by CD5 + IL-10-producing B cells in lupus-prone ...
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Cell Stress Chaperones. 2015 Apr 24. [Epub ahead of print]
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RT @EBioMedicine: Serum #DHCR24 #autoantibody as a new #biomarker for progression of #hepatitis C http://t.co/u2OkJN8o8n http://t.co/LblRVK…
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Islet autoantibody status in a multi-ethnic UK clinic cohort of children presenting with diabetes http://t.co/7sW1pKQTqj
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by Sharon A. Chung, Joanne Nititham, Emon Elboudwarej, Hong L. Quach, Kimberly E. Taylor, Lisa F. Barcellos, Lindsey A.
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Autoantibodies found up to 20 years before primary Sjögren's syndrome diagnosis.
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J Pathol. 2015 Jun 12. doi: 10.1002/path.4574. [Epub ahead of print]
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J Immunol Res. 2015;2015:963568. doi: 10.1155/2015/963568. Epub 2015 May 18.
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Arthritis Research & Therapy | Full text | PAD4 is not essential for disease in the K/BxN murine ... - http://t.co/W5Xjvbf3dI
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Immunity. 2015 May 19;42(5):890-902. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.04.010. Epub 2015 May 12.
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The role of autoantibodies in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is not only to aid in the diagnosis but also to classify and to assist in defining the prognosis. For the diagnosis of PBC, the patient...
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Endocrinology Article: Detection of antibodies directed to the N-terminal region of GAD is dependent on assay format and contributes to differences in the specificity of GAD autoantibody assays for type 1 diabetes...
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Arthritis Rheumatol. 2015 Apr;67(4):1053-61. doi: 10.1002/art.39022. Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Diabetes. 1998 Dec;47(12):1857-66. Congresses; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Gilbert C FAURE's insight:
1998!
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Autoantibodies to cellular constituents are the serological hallmark in systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases 1. They are often associated with certain diagnosis, clinical features, or disease act...
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Although reports documented aberrant cytokine expression in autoimmune bullous dermatoses (AIBDs), cytokine-targeting therapies have not been established in these disorders.
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