Lupus-specific anti-ribosomal P (anti-Rib-P) autoantibodies have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurological complications in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
AUTOIMMUNITY
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Epitope Spreading of Autoantibody Response to PLA2R - Poor Prognosis in Membranous #Nephropathy @PolskiBarbara
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Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) manifests with symptoms that are similar to other forms of diabetes: excessive thirst and drinking, and excessive urination.
Gilbert C FAURE's insight:
Autoantibody panel This is a panel that can be ordered by your Doctor and consists of Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies islet cell autoantibodies, insulinoma-associated autoantibodies, and zinc transporter autoantibodies. It is important to note that Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies are commonly found in diabetes mellitus type 1. Islet cell antibodies Islet Cell IgG Cytoplasmic Autoantibodies, IFA; Islet Cell Complement Fixing Autoantibodies, Indirect Fluorescent Antibody (IFA); Islet Cell Autoantibodies Evaluation; Islet Cell Complement Fixing Autoantibodies, these are helpful in picking a diagnosis between LADA and type 2 diabetes. Persons with LADA often test positive for ICA, type 2 diabetics only seldom do. Glutamic acid decarboxylase type antibodies ELISA tests include: Anti-GAD, Anti-IA2, Anti-GAD/IA2 Pool, these are helpful in early diagnosis for type 1 diabetes mellitus, and the GAD antibodies tests are used for differential diagnosis between LADA and type 2 diabetes and may also be used for differential diagnosis of gestational diabetes, risk prediction in immediate family members for type 1, as well as a tool to monitor prognosis of the clinical progression of type 1 diabetes. Insulin antibodies These are antibiody tests, they check to see if the body is fighting against itself. They are known as RIA: Anti-GAD, Anti-IA2, Anti-Insulin; Insulin Antibodies all these tests are can be used in early diagnosis for type 1 diabetes mellitus, and they can be used to help tell the difference of LADA and type 2 diabetes, as well as for differential diagnosis of other problems of metabolism such as gestational diabetes, prediction in family members for type 1diabetes and ways to tell if there has been progression of type 1 diabetes. Persons with LADA may test positive for these 3 autoantibodies are not found in persons with type 2 diabetes. How often does this occur? It is estimated that there are up to half of all persons, depending on the type of population, that have diagnosed with type 2 diabetes that may have LADA instead of type 2 diabetes. This number accounts for an estimated about ten percent of the total diabetes population in the U.S. and there may be more than 3.5 million persons have this kind of diabetes called LADA.
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Diabetes. 2015 Aug;64(8):3017-27. doi: 10.2337/db14-1730. Epub 2015 Mar 31. Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Abstract
Islet autoantibodies detected at disease onset in patients with type 1 diabetes are signs of an autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing β-cells. To further investigate the genetic determinants of autoantibody positivity, we performed dense immune-focused genotyping on the Immunochip array and tested for association with seven disease-specific autoantibodies in a large cross-sectional cohort of 6,160 type 1 diabetes-affected siblings. The genetic association with positivity for GAD autoantibodies (GADAs), IA2 antigen (IA-2A), zinc transporter 8, thyroid peroxidase, gastric parietal cells (PCAs), tissue transglutaminase, and 21-hydroxylase was tested using a linear mixed-model regression approach to simultaneously control for population structure and family relatedness. Four loci were associated with autoantibody positivity at genome-wide significance. Positivity for GADA was associated with 3q28/LPP, for IA-2A with 1q23/FCRL3 and 11q13/RELA, and for PCAs with 2q24/IFIH1. The 3q28 locus showed association after only 3 years duration and might therefore be a marker of persistent GADA positivity. The 1q23, 11q13, and 2q24 loci were associated with autoantibodies close to diabetes onset and constitute candidates for early screening. Major susceptibility loci for islet autoantibodies are separate from type 1 diabetes risk, which may have consequences for intervention strategies to reduce autoimmunity.
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Parkinson's Disease News AUTOANTIBODIES FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE Parkinson's Disease News For the first time a selection of blood-borne autoantibody biomarkers with a higher prevalence in early Parkinson's Disease were used to...
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Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2015 Sep 3. [Epub ahead of print]
Gilbert C FAURE's insight:
Abstract
Our PubMed search for peer-reviewed articles published in the 2014 solar year retrieved a significantly higher number of hits compared to 2013 with a net 28 % increase. Importantly, full articles related to autoimmunity constitute approximately 5 % of immunology articles. We confirm that our understanding of autoimmunity is becoming a translational paradigm with pathogenetic elements rapidly followed by new treatment options. Furthermore, numerous clinical and pathogenetic elements and features are shared among autoimmune diseases, and this is well illustrated in the recent literature. More specifically, the past year witnessed critical revisions of our understanding and management of antiphospholipid syndrome with new exciting data on the pathogenicity of the serum anti-beta2 glycoprotein autoantibody, a better understanding of the current and new treatments for rheumatoid arthritis, and new position papers on important clinical questions such as vaccinations in patients with autoimmune disease, comorbidities, or new classification criteria. Furthermore, data confirming the important connections between innate immunity and autoimmunity via toll-like receptors or the critical role of T regulatory cells in tolerance breakdown and autoimmunity perpetuation were also reported. Lastly, genetic and epigenetic data were provided to confirm that the mosaic of autoimmunity warrants a susceptible individual background which may be geographically determined and contribute to the geoepidemiology of diseases. The 2014 literature in the autoimmunity world should be cumulatively regarded as part of an annus mirabilis in which, on a different level, the 2014 Annual Meeting of the American College of Rheumatology in Boston was attended by over 16,000 participants with over selected 3000 abstracts.
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J Autoimmun. 2015 Sep 1. pii: S0896-8411(15)30025-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2015.08.007. [Epub ahead of print]
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Article Abstract: from Diabetes Journal current issueClick Here To Read Full Article Visit Diabetes Journal current issue for more great articles....
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Autoimmunity. 2015 Aug 27:1-10. [Epub ahead of print]
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Anticentromere and isolated nucleolar autoantibodies are prevalent in systemic sclerosis patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, but they do not predict survival, US research shows.
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PLoS One. 2015 Jul 20;10(7):e0129813. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129813.
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Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2015 Jul 15. [Epub ahead of print]
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Autoantibody profiles represent important patient stratification markers in systemic sclerosis (SSc).
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Autoantibodies specific for the enzyme transglutaminase 2 (TG2) are a hallmark of the gluten-sensitive enteropathy celiac disease.
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The easy way to access online services at the University of Lincoln.
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Gilbert C FAURE's insight:
Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium (T1DGC) Autoantibody Workshop
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"The Significance of Autoantibody Changes Over Time in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis" #feedly http://t.co/sIqaLRlYPf
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Autoantibody Profiles in Collagen Disease Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD): Antibodies to Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I-Related Chain A (MICA) as Markers of ILD
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Autoantibody recognition mechanisms of p53 epitopes http://t.co/Fn2WdqPXTS
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Melanoma Res. 2015 Aug 21. [Epub ahead of print]
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During the last 25 years, clinical autoantibody determinations have changed dramatically. Old and slow techniques with high diagnostic specificity have been replaced with automated and faster techniques that most often have a higher diagnostic sensitivity at the expense of a lower diagnostic specificity. Newer techniques are mostly quantitative, allowing for follow-up of autoantibody levels. Whereas the older procedures utilized autoantigens in soluble and native states, most modern techniques rely on autoantigens attached to surfaces, with the risk of exposure of denatured epitopes. Comparisons between antibody measurement techniques can be obtained from the results of external quality assessment programs. As the main objective for external quality assessment is the monitoring of clinical laboratories, they cannot focus on the kind of low-level and often polyreactive sera, which are common in the real world and in which a single definite target response cannot be easily defined. Such common sera are very useful, however, for analysis of differences between autoantibody measurement techniques.
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Authors: Carina Törn, David Hadley, Hye-Seung Lee, William Hagopian, Åke Lernmark, Olli Simell, Marian Rewers, Anette Ziegler, Desmond Schatz, Beena Akolkar, Suna Onengut-Gumuscu, Wei-Min Chen, Jorma Toppari, Juha Mykkänen, Jorma Ilonen, Stephen S...
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Rheumatology (Oxford). 2015 Jul 10. pii: kev234. [Epub ahead of print]
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