The 5th Grade teacher on this website uses 'Voicethread' with historical photographs. Click on the video "Ellis Island" to see how primary students build a historical narrative around a visual image. Voice thread transforms media into collaborative spaces with video, voice, and text commenting.
Don't underestimate the importance of historical language in developing historical understanding. Provide opportunities for students to expand their historical vocabulary and to use language for a variety of purposes.
Young students need explicit instructions for when and how to use conventions of language.
Husbands (1996) identifies different types of historical language including:
1. The language of the past (e.g. convict, First Fleet, monarchy, revolution)
2. The language of historical time (century, period, modern, decade)
3. The language of historical processes (cause, chronology, similarity, difference)
4. The language of historical description and analysis (revolution, monarchy, democracy)
Use 'Word Walls' or word charts to help students keep track of information and terminology that is used in a Unit of Work and keep adding new words.
Timelines are a way to organise historical information. However, dates alone do not allow students to vlsualise the time being referred to. TimeGraphics is a useful tool to help students associate their visual images of history with the corresponding dates. Timelines should be comparative to help students see what life was life for a range of people at a given time.
Understanding historical time includes two important aspects: 1) chronology which is being able to order moments in time; and 2) being able to match moments in time to specific dates. Research suggests children find it easier to sequence historical pictures than assign dates or names to historical periods (Barton, 1994,2002; Barton and Levstik, 1996).
As children get older, they become better at ordering historical pictures on the basis of clues in technology, fashion and social roles. Primary children know what dates sound like and usually know what the current year is, but they find it difficult to associate periods in history with specific years.