Permian Extinction 250 Millions years ago, which caused extinction of 95% of all living species in both animals & plants life. This extinctions was slow and took nearly 80000 years in 3 stages:
1- Increase in world temperature by 5 degrees Centigrade casued by super lengthy eruptions of Siberian Trapes
2-melting the frozen resoviours of Methan gas in the seabeds and releasing Carbon 12 (C12), which is a green house gas and raised sea temp by anothre 5 degrees, and that casued
3-world temp raised 10 degrees and that caused the mass extinctions
it took Earth millions of years to recover and after 20 millions years from then Dinosaurs first appeared.
This course covers subjects from astrochemistry to astrobiology, the search for other Earth-like exoplanets to life in the Universe. It also tries to answer the question what life really is, how fast evolution can be and whether life can exist in other non-earth-like extreme environments.
What if we could find one single equation that explains every force in the universe? Dr. Michio Kaku explores how physicists may shrink the science of the Big Bang into an equation as small as Einstein's "e=mc^2." Thanks to advances in string theory, physics may allow us to escape the heat death of the universe, explore the multiverse, and unlock the secrets of existence. While firing up our imaginations about the future, Kaku also presents a succinct history of physics and makes a compelling case for why physics is the key to pretty much everything.
Lecturer: Stuart Pimm, Duke University, USA "Taxonomy, Biodiversity & Beyond: Global Change Science & Society", A scientific meeting that was held at the Tel Aviv University
Tammet has been "studied repeatedly" by researchers in Britain and the United States, and has been the subject of several peer-reviewed scientific papers.Professor Allan Snyder at the Australian National University has said of Tammet: "Savants can't usually tell us how they do what they do. It just comes to them. Daniel can describe what he sees in his head. That's why he's exciting. He could be the 'Rosetta Stone'
to science." In his mind, he says, each positive integer up to 10,000 has its own unique shape, colour, texture and feel. He has described his visual image of 289 as particularly ugly, 333 as particularly attractive, and pi as beautiful. The number 6 apparently has no distinct image yet what he describes as an almost small nothingness, opposite to the number 9 which he calls large and towering. Tammet has described 25 as energetic and the "kind of number you would invite to a party". In his memoir, Tammet states experiencing a synaesthetic and emotional response for words and numbers, but not letters in algebraic contexts.
Tammet holds the European record for reciting pi from memory to 22,514 digits in five hours and nine minutes on 14 March 2004. Tammet has reportedly learned 10 languages, including Romanian, Gaelic, Welsh, and Icelandic which he learned in a week for a TV documentary.
Imperial College London is a science-based institution with a reputation for excellence in teaching and research that attracts 12,000 students and 6,000 staff of the highest international quality.
Lectures are in Playlists and are alphabetically sorted with thumbnail pictures. No fee, no registration required - learn at your own pace. Certificates can be arranged with presenting universities.
Lecture 1 of Leonard Susskind's Modern Physics course concentrating on Classical Mechanics. Recorded October 15, 2007 at Stanford University. This Stanford C...
This course will provide a simple unified introduction to batch training algorithms for supervised, unsupervised and partially-supervised learning. The concepts introduced will provide a basis for the more advanced topics in other lectures.
The first part of the course will cover supervised training algorithms, establishing a general foundation through a series of extensions to linear prediction, including: nonlinear input transformations (features), L2 regularization (kernels), prediction uncertainty (Gaussian processes), L1 regularization (sparsity), nonlinear output transformations (matching losses), surrogate losses (classification), multivariate prediction, and structured prediction. Relevant optimization concepts will be acquired along the way.
The second part of the course will then demonstrate how unsupervised and semi-supervised formulations follow from a relationship between forward and reverse prediction problems. This connection allows dimensionality reduction and sparse coding to be unified with regression, and clustering and vector quantization to be unified with classification—even in the context of other extensions. Current convex relaxations of such training problems will be discussed.
The last part of the course covers partially-supervised learning—the problem of learning an input representation concurrently with a predictor. A brief overview of current research will be presented, including recent work on boosting and convex relaxations.
This is the introductory class for biophotonics with an overview of the UC Davis Center for Biophotonics Science and Technology. It is taught by Marco Molinaro, chief education officer for the center, and James Shackelford, director of the UC Davis Integrated Studies Program and a professor of chemical engineering and materials science.
Join leading researchers Dr. Eric Horvitz of Microsoft Research and Dr. Peter Norvig of Google for an intriguing discussion about the past, present, and future of artificial intelligence, moderated by KQED's Tim Olson.
Analysis of Earth's geologic record can reveal how the climate has changed over time. Scientists in New Zealand are examining samples from the rocky landscape once dominated by glaciers. They are employing a new technique called surface exposure dating, which uses chemical analysis to determine how long minerals within rocks have been exposed to the air since the glaciers around them melted. Comparisons of this data with other climate records have revealed a link between glacial retreat and rising levels of carbon dioxide in the air, findings that are informing scientists' understanding of global climate change today.
Science Bulletins is a production of the National Center for Science Literacy, Education, and Technology (NCSLET), part of the Department of Education at the American Museum of Natural History. Find out more about Science Bulletins at www.amnh.org/sciencebulletins .
Breathtaking video of birds flocking - (same principle can be used to scale culture). Scientists are still puzzled by how this activity is coordinated. Are quantum effects involved?
Ramesh Raskar presents femto-photography, a new type of imaging so fast it visualizes the world one trillion frames per second, so detailed it shows light itself in motion. This technology may someday be used to build cameras that can look "around" corners or see inside the body without X-rays.
Science and photography studied by an MIT group. This is fascinating. I am going to keep it and share it with my students because he mentions one of the photographers we study throughout the year.
The First Annual Francis Crick Memorial Conference, focusing on "Consciousness in Humans and Non-Human Animals", aims to provide a purely data-driven perspective on the neural correlates of consciousness. The most advanced quantitative techniques for measuring and monitoring consciousness will be presented, with the topics of focus ranging from exploring the properties of neurons deep in the brainstem, to assessing global cerebral function in comatose patients. Model organisms investigated will span the species spectrum from flies to rodents, humans to birds, elephants to dolphins, and will be approached from the viewpoint of three branches of biology: anatomy, physiology, and behavior. Until animals have their own storytellers, humans will always have the most glorious part of the story, and with this proverbial concept in mind, the symposium will address the notion that humans do not alone possess the neurological faculties that constitute consciousness as it is presently understood.
The mission of the SETI Institute is to explore, understand and explain the origin, nature and prevalence of life in the universe. SETI believes we are conducting the most profound search in human history — to know our beginnings and our place among the stars.
The SETI Institute is a private, nonprofit organization dedicated to scientific research, education and public outreach.
Study of physical effects in the vicinity of a black hole as a basis for understanding general relativity, astrophysics, and elements of cosmology. Extension to current developments in theory and observation. Energy and momentum in flat spacetime; the metric; curvature of spacetime near rotating and nonrotating centers of attraction; trajectories and orbits of particles and light; elementary models of the Cosmos. Weekly meetings include an evening seminar and recitation. The last third of the semester is reserved for collaborative research projects on topics such as the Global Positioning System, solar system tests of relativity, descending into a black hole, gravitational lensing, gravitational waves, Gravity Probe B, and more advanced models of the Cosmos.
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