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Ten years on from the world’s first cyber war, Estonia has become a global cyber security superpower.
In 2007, following a disputed relocation of the Soviet-era Bronze Soldier monument, Estonia faced cyber-attacks that have been widely acknowledged as the world’s first cyber war. At the peak of these attacks, fifty-eight Estonian websites were offline at once, including those of the government, most newspapers and banks.
Prior to the incident, cyber-attacks had not been seriously considered as an imminent threat to the state or its citizens.
There was no common code of conduct or universal agreement between policy-makers. For example, it was not defined if this kind of an offence would qualify as an attack against a member state of NATO and hence activate collective defence under Article 5. It was not even clear if a state could legitimately respond to cyber-attacks.
Learn more / En savoir plus / Mehr erfahren:
http://www.scoop.it/t/21st-century-learning-and-teaching/?&tag=Estonia
http://www.scoop.it/t/luxembourg-europe/?&tag=Estonia
Ten years on from the world’s first cyber war, Estonia has become a global cyber security superpower.
In 2007, following a disputed relocation of the Soviet-era Bronze Soldier monument, Estonia faced cyber-attacks that have been widely acknowledged as the world’s first cyber war. At the peak of these attacks, fifty-eight Estonian websites were offline at once, including those of the government, most newspapers and banks.
Prior to the incident, cyber-attacks had not been seriously considered as an imminent threat to the state or its citizens.
There was no common code of conduct or universal agreement between policy-makers. For example, it was not defined if this kind of an offence would qualify as an attack against a member state of NATO and hence activate collective defence under Article 5. It was not even clear if a state could legitimately respond to cyber-attacks.
Learn more / En savoir plus / Mehr erfahren:
http://www.scoop.it/t/21st-century-learning-and-teaching/?&tag=Estonia
http://www.scoop.it/t/luxembourg-europe/?&tag=Estonia