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Suggested by Michael Park
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Dynamics of Disruption in Science and Technology

From arxiv.org - June 23, 2021 3:42 PM

Michael Park, Erin Leahey, Russell Funk

Although the number of new scientific discoveries and technological
inventions has increased dramatically over the past century, there have also
been concerns of a slowdown in the progress of science and technology. We
analyze 25 million papers and 4 million patents across 6 decades and find that
science and technology are becoming less disruptive of existing knowledge, a
pattern that holds nearly universally across fields. We link this decline in
disruptiveness to a narrowing in the utilization of existing knowledge.
Diminishing quality of published science and changes in citation practices are
unlikely to be responsible for this trend, suggesting that this pattern
represents a fundamental shift in science and technology.

Read the full article at: arxiv.org

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Rescooped by Complexity Digest from The Next Edge
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Why Millennials Don't Want To Buy Stuff

Why Millennials Don't Want To Buy Stuff | Papers | Scoop.it
From www.fastcompany.com - July 17, 2012 2:04 PM

Compared to previous generations, Millennials seem to have some very different habits that have taken both established companies and small businesses by surprise. One of these is that Generation Y doesn't seem to enjoy purchasing things.


The Atlantic's article "Why Don't Young Americans Buy Cars?" mused recently about Millennials' tendency to not care about owning a vehicle. The subtitle: "Is this a generational shift, or just a lousy economy at work?"


What if it's not an "age thing" at all? What's really causing this strange new behavior (or rather, lack of behavior)? Generational segments have profound impacts on perception and behavior, but an "ownership shift" isn't isolated within the Millennial camp. A writer for USA Today shows that all ages are in on this trend, but instead of an age group, he blames the change on the cloud, the heavenly home our entertainment goes to when current media models die. As all forms of media make their journey into a digital, de-corporeal space, research shows that people are beginning to actually prefer this disconnected reality to owning a physical product.


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Suggested by James Winters
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Is the cultural evolution of technology cumulative or combinatorial?

From osf.io - September 29, 2020 1:13 PM

Explanations of human technology often point to both its cumulative and combinatorial character. Using a novel computational framework, where individual agents attempt to solve problems by modifying, combining and transmitting technologies in an open-ended search space, this paper re-evaluates two prominent explanations for the cultural evolution of technology: that humans are equipped with (i) social learning mechanisms for minimizing information loss during transmission, and (ii) creative mechanisms for generating novel technologies via combinatorial innovation. Here, both information loss and combinatorial innovation are introduced as parameters in the model, and then manipulated to approximate situations where technological evolution is either more cumulative or combinatorial. Compared to existing models, which tend to marginalize the role of purposeful problem-solving, this approach allows for indefinite growth in complexity while directly simulating constraints from history and computation. The findings show that minimizing information loss is only required when the dynamics are strongly cumulative and characterised by incremental innovation. Contrary to previous findings, when agents are equipped with a capacity for combinatorial innovation, low levels of information loss are neither necessary nor sufficient for populations to solve increasingly complex problems. Instead, higher levels of information loss are advantageous for unmasking the potential for combinatorial innovation. This points to a parsimonious explanation for the cultural evolution of technology without invoking separate mechanisms of stability and creativity.

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Rescooped by Complexity Digest from Social Foraging
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The Semantic Economy

The Semantic Economy | Papers | Scoop.it
From www.innovationexcellence.com - March 29, 2012 4:16 PM
We’ve recently seen Facebook go public with a $100 billion valuation and General Motors, formerly the world’s biggest company, go effectively bankrupt and need to be bailed out by the US government.Meanwhile, the new web darlings, Instagram andPinterest, have built communities of millions of people in a matter of months, not years and they have done it with a staff that can fit in my living room (which, I might add, is not that big).
What’s amazing is that we have come to take things like these in stride. Such events have become not exactly the rule, but not the exception either. In short, we have witnessed the complete transformation of business as we knew it. The scale economy has become the semantic economy, where value chains have been subsumed by value networks.

Via Ashish Umre
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