This is a list of actions that Scrum Masters at bbv Software Services AG have applied successfully in their teams to improve performance (= how much gets done in an amount of time). Please note that these actions were created to respond to specific problems found in real world projects. They may not be applicable in general in any situation.
Use spikes and user stories deliberately. Spikes have a fix time-box and an estimated result. User stories have a fixed result (acceptance criteria) and estimated needed time.
Use user stories when you know what you want. Use Spikes when you want to plan the unknown.