This article focuses on optimization: an important element of the DI technology stack. Decision modeling lets us identify the outcomes we want, available actions, causal chains from actions to outcomes, and the data, models, and human expertise that inform causal chains from action to outcomes. Once we have a decision modeling, simulation and optimization then lets us use the model to explore decision behavior and find the best actions to take to achieve our outcomes.

In the future we'll see optimization tools like those from Gurobi integrated with the other elements of the DI stack, following an emerging industry architecture.