Bonnes Pratiques Web & Cloud
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Bonnes Pratiques Web & Cloud
Administration cloud et développement web
Curated by Mickael Ruau
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Conditional stylesheets vs CSS hacks? Answer: Neither! - Paul Irish

Conditional stylesheets vs CSS hacks? Answer: Neither! - Paul Irish | Bonnes Pratiques Web & Cloud | Scoop.it

There are a few problems with it though:

  • Conditional stylesheets mean 1 or 2 additional HTTP requests to download
  • As they are in the the <head>, the rendering of the page waits until they’re totally loaded.
  • Also - Yahoo’s internal coding best practices do not recommend conditional stylesheets
  • It can separate a single CSS rule into multiple files. I’ve spent a lot of time wondering “Where the eff is that rule coming from!?” when it turned out to be tucked away in a conditional stylesheet.
Mickael Ruau's insight:

Throw it on the html tag

Here is the new recommendation, and the one that’s in use in the HTML5 Boilerplate.

1 2 3 4 5 <!--[if lt IE 7 ]> <html class="ie6"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 7 ]> <html class="ie7"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 8 ]> <html class="ie8"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 9 ]> <html class="ie9"> <![endif]--> <!--[if (gt IE 9)|!(IE)]><!--> <html class=""> <!--<![endif]-->

Why?

  • This fixes a file blocking issue discovered by Stoyan Stefanov and Markus Leptien.
  • It avoids an empty comment that also fixes the above issue.
  • CMSes like Wordpress and Drupal use the body class more heavily. This makes integrating there a touch simpler
  • It doesn’t validate in html4 but is fine in html5. Deal with it.
  • It plays nicely with a technique to kick off your page-specific javascript based on your markup.
  • It uses the same element as Modernizr (and Dojo). That feels nice.

I left an empty class in there because you’ll probably be putting a no-js in there or something else. If not, delete.

 

(...)

Here is the current iteration that we have in the HTML5 Boilerplate. We actually tried to reduce it down to just a single .oldIE class for IE ≤8 (to use with safe css hacks), but that didn’t fly. Anyway, our current version..
1 2 3 4 <!--[if lt IE 7]> <html class="lt-ie9 lt-ie8 lt-ie7"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 7]> <html class="lt-ie9 lt-ie8"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 8]> <html class="lt-ie9"> <![endif]--> <!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html class=""> <!--<![endif]-->
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Tools for Debugging Web Applications and Add-Ons (Windows)

 

Instead of fixing compatibility issues in web applications and add-ons, you can make the web application or website work natively in Windows Internet Explorer 8 standards mode by writing your code to the most recent web standards.

To fully assess any problems in your application or website, you should research the root cause of the problem. The Website Troubleshooting Guidance white paper describes how the Internet Explorer team debugs Internet Explorer 8 issues. For example, the team determined root causes by using the Developer Tools and logically reducing possible issues. The following sections describe several tools to help simplify the debugging process.

Mickael Ruau's insight:
SectionDescriptionMicrosoft Expression Web SuperPreviewA stand-alone visual debugging tool that makes it faster and easier to migrate your sites from Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 to Windows Internet Explorer 7 or Internet Explorer 8.Internet Explorer Compatibility Test Tool (IECTT)A component of the Microsoft Application Compatibility Toolkit that can help you diagnose issues in your web applications.Internet Explorer 8 Developer ToolsThe developer tools that are included in Internet Explorer 8 for debugging.Internet Explorer 8 Compatibility Wizard (Aggiorno)A third-party tool that automatically upgrades websites to render correctly in Internet Explorer 8 without breaking compatibility in older browsers.Fiddler Web Debugger ToolA third-party tool for capturing network traffic between the Internet and test computers.Application Compatibility Testing Using Virtual PC ImagesVirtual PC images that simplify compatibility testing.
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config.winrm - Vagrantfile - Vagrant by HashiCorp

config.winrm - Vagrantfile - Vagrant by HashiCorp | Bonnes Pratiques Web & Cloud | Scoop.it
The settings within config.winrm relate to configuring how Vagrant will access your Windows guest over WinRM. As with most Vagrant settings, the defaults are typically fine, but you can fine tune whatever you would like.
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markhuber/modern-ie-vagrant

markhuber/modern-ie-vagrant | Bonnes Pratiques Web & Cloud | Scoop.it

modern-ie-vagrant - Vagrant based Modern.IE VMs

Mickael Ruau's insight:

##modern-ie-vagrant Based on the virtual machine images released with the Modern.IE project, modern-ie-vagrant makes testing IE easier with help from Vagrant. The machine images in modern-ie-vagrant are based on the original images with the addition of activating WinRM to make them compatible with the Vagrant WinRM communicator.

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Free Virtual Machines from IE8 to MS Edge - Microsoft Edge Development

Download free virtual machines to test Microsoft Edge and IE8 to IE11
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The Story of the HTML5 Shiv

The Story of the HTML5 Shiv | Bonnes Pratiques Web & Cloud | Scoop.it

Sjoerd innocently mentions this trick in a comment on the blog of the W3C HTML WG co-chair, Sam Ruby:

Btw, if you want CSS rules to apply to unknown elements in IE, you just have to do document.createElement(elementName). This somehow lets the CSS engine know that elements with that name exist

Ian Hickson, lead editor of the HTML5 spec, stood surprised, along the rest of the web, that he had never heard this trick before and was happy to report: “This piece of information makes building an HTML5 compatibility shim for IE7 far easier than had previously been assumed.”

John Resig, one day later, wrote the post that coined the term “HTML5 Shiv”. While it technically is a “shim” and John admitted this later, the proliferation of assorted HTML5 shims nowadays makes a good case for us to continue using “shiv” for this solution. Chris Wilson, then of the IE Team, said “I want to jam standards support into (this and future versions of) Internet Explorer. If a shiv is the only pragmatic tool I can use to do so, shouldn’t I be using it?”

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xdissent/ievms

xdissent/ievms | Bonnes Pratiques Web & Cloud | Scoop.it
ievms - Automated installation of the Microsoft IE App Compat virtual machines
Mickael Ruau's insight:

Microsoft provides virtual machine disk images to facilitate website testing in multiple versions of IE, regardless of the host operating system. With a single command, you can have IE6, IE7, IE8, IE9, IE10, IE11 and MSEdge running in separate virtual machines.

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Une VM moderne pour IE avec Vagrant

Une VM moderne pour IE avec Vagrant | Bonnes Pratiques Web & Cloud | Scoop.it

Nous développons une application Web destinée à des utilisateurs corporate sous Internet Explorer 9. Nos Product Owners utilisent Windows et IE 11, nous développons sous Mac OS X, et les serveurs tournent sous Linux.

Dans cet environnement hétérogène, nous utilisions déjà Vagrant pour gérer plusieurs VM Linux : intégration continue, bases de données, conteneur Web.

 

Doc Microsoft : https://az792536.vo.msecnd.net/vms/release_notes_license_terms_8_1_15.pdf

 

Login Instructions
Login Information (for Windows Vista, 7, 8, 10 VMs):
IEUser, Passw0rd!
 
Instructions to set password for XP VMs:
1.Using virtualization platform of choice, load the XP VM
2.Go to Control Panel | User Accounts
3.Select IEUser
4.Select "Create a password" link and enter the desired password

 

Mickael Ruau's insight:

D’autres VM avec plusieurs versions de Windows et d’IE ont été mises à disposition gratuitement par Microsoft, pour les développeurs Web, avec une licence temporaire pour un usage de test. On peut théoriquement les utiliser aussi facilement :

vagrant box add win7-ie11 http://aka.ms/vagrant-win7-ie11vagrant init win7-ie11vagrant upvagrant rdp

En pratique c’est plus compliqué, car aucun accès à distance n’est configuré par défaut. Pas de SSH, et pas de RDP (le protocole de Microsoft).

  • Le premier symptôme est un timeout, au moment où Vagrant essaie de se connecter à la VM pour vérifier qu’elle est bien démarrée
  • On ne peut pas non plus manipuler notre VM avec Vagrant, pour l’éteindre ou pour la redémarrer

Nous allons voir comment personnaliser une box Microsoft pour corriger ces problèmes, et comment la redistribuer.

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How to Test Browsers on Virtual Machines from Modern.IE

How to Test Browsers on Virtual Machines from Modern.IE | Bonnes Pratiques Web & Cloud | Scoop.it
Testing multiple versions of Internet Explorer is possible from any OS including Mac and Linux using free VMs from modern.ie.
Mickael Ruau's insight:

Windows Licensing Restrictions

All modern.ie VMs are full editions of Windows — you can install and use any software you like including other browsers.

To prevent anyone using these images to run unlicensed copies of Windows indefinitely, they expire after 30 days (unless you enter an activation key). At that point, the OS will randomly reboot and become mostly unusable. You can, however, retain a copy of the downloaded files (or the VirtualBox OVA) and import the VM again.

Fortunately, there is a way to extend Windows expiration. When you start receiving activation messages, run a command prompt as an administrator inside the VM. This is achieved by right-clicking the shortcut and choosing Run as administrator.

Then, for XP VMs, enter:

rundll32.exe syssetup,SetupOobeBnk

or, for Windows Vista, 7 or 8.1 enter:

slmgr /rearm

This can be done twice so, in effect, your license is extended to 90 days.

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