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It wasn't the average marsquake that the Insight Mars lander heard rip-roaring through the red planet's ground last Christmas Eve.
NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter apparently found the source of the rumble a couple of months later from its vantage point in space: a spectacular meteor strike over 2,000 miles away near Mars' equator, estimated to be one of the largest impacts observed on the neighboring planet.
But what's thrilled scientists perhaps as much as or more than the recorded seismic activity is what the meteor uncovered when it slammed into Mars — huge, boulder-size chunks of ice blasted out of the crater. Up until now, underground ice hadn't been found in this region, the warmest part of the planet. Learn more / En savoir plus / Mehr erfahren: https://www.scoop.it/t/21st-century-innovative-technologies-and-developments/?&tag=Mars
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Le rover Mars 2020 qui va s'envoler dans quelques mois vers la planète rouge ne se contentera pas d'y chercher d'éventuelles traces de vie passée, il servira aussi de «précurseur à une mission humaine sur Mars», ont déclaré vendredi les scientifiques de la Nasa en présentant l'engin à la presse.
En Californie, une «salle blanche» stérile pour la planète rouge
Le rover Mars 2020 sera bientôt en route pour la planète rouge, mais c'est dans une «salle blanche» de Californie qu'il a vu le jour, comme tous ses prédécesseurs et déjà avant eux les sondes Voyager, Galileo ou Cassini qui ont sillonné notre système solaire. Cette «salle blanche» est l'une des deux pièces ultra-stériles nichées sur le site d'assemblage des véhicules spatiaux du JPL (Jet Propulsion Laboratory) à Pasadena, dans la banlieue de Los Angeles. Elle était vendredi exceptionnellement ouverte à la presse pour présenter le rover.
Le robot a effectué la semaine dernière ses premiers tours de roue dans la grande salle stérile du Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) de Pasadena, près de Los Angeles, où il a vu le jour. Il doit quitter la Terre en juillet 2020 depuis Cap Canaveral (Floride) pour se poser sur Mars en février 2021.
«Il est conçu pour chercher des signes de vie, donc il emporte un grand nombre d'instruments différents qui vont nous aider à comprendre le contexte géologique et chimique à la surface de Mars, et aussi collecter des échantillons dans le but de pouvoir un jour les rapporter sur Terre», résume pour l'AFP Matt Wallace, responsable adjoint de la mission Mars 2020.
Learn more / En savoir plus / Mehr erfahren: https://www.scoop.it/t/21st-century-innovative-technologies-and-developments/?&tag=Mars
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No, NASA hasn’t discovered life on Mars yet—but a new result makes it seem like maybe, at some point in the planet’s history, the conditions were ripe for some extraterrestrial beings. Maybe.
The scientists behind experiments conducted by the Curiosity rover are today reporting two results that make the Red Planet’s story even more interesting. One group found carbon-containing organic matter in 3.5-billion-year-old rock. Another noticed the methane levels around Curiosity varied by the season. Combined, these results present tantalizing hints of a potentially habitable Martian past.
From everything we can tell of the chemistry and the minerals deposited in the Gale crater where Curiosity is stationed, “we think it was a habitable environment,” Jennifer Eigenbrode from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center told Gizmodo. “It had the ability to support life—but doesn’t mean life were there. Learn more / En savoir plus / Mehr erfahren: https://www.scoop.it/t/21st-century-innovative-technologies-and-developments/?&tag=Mars
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NASA initially worked with Goodyear in the mid-2000s to develop a prototype spring tire. These tires were composed of a flexible mesh with hundreds of coiled steel wires. It gave the tires the ability to support heavy loads with good traction, but even the strongest steel springs deform. On Mars, rolling over rocks while carrying a heavy loadout of instruments would cause the steel to change shape over time.
The answer was a new material based on a stoichiometric nickel-titanium alloy. Like regular spring tires, there’s no air inside. It’s just a lattice of coiled metal that flexes as it rolls over obstacles. That means it won’t get punctured by sharp Martian rocks. The bonds in the nickel-titanium alloy can rearrange in response to stress instead of stretching, so the tire snaps back — no deformation.
NASA plans to use shape memory tires on future Mars rovers, possibly even on the upcoming 2020 rover that will take over for Curiosity in the next few years. It’s even possible we could see this design on Earth-based tires one day. Learn more / En savoir plus / Mehr erfahren: https://www.scoop.it/t/21st-century-innovative-technologies-and-developments/?&tag=Mars
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New findings from NASA’s Curiosity Rover provide evidence that significant amounts of oxygen once permeated the atmosphere of ancient Mars. The Red Planet, it would seem, was more Earth-like than we thought.
Using the ChemCam instrument atop Curiosity, scientists at the Los Alamos National Laboratory have discovered high levels of manganese oxides in Martian rocks. The rover made the discovery in mineral-filled cracks in sandstones in the Kimberley region of Gale crater. The presence of this chemical element suggests that high levels of free-floating oxygen once existed on Mars, and that in addition to having a warmer climate and lakes of liquid water, this planet was once quite Earth-like in terms of its chemical composition. Learn more / En savoir plus / Mehr erfahren: http://www.scoop.it/t/21st-century-innovative-technologies-and-developments/?tag=Mars
VIDÉO - Pour préparer la colonisation de la planète Mars par l’Homme, des robots bâtisseurs autonomes pourraient d’abord être utilisés. C'est en tout cas ce que proposent trois scientifiques américain
Via LeJournaldelaScience, Terheck
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Analysis of the Martian soil samples taken by NASA’s Curiosity rover has reveal that water molecules are bound to fine-grained soil particles, accounting for about 2 percent of the particles' weight at Gale Crater where Curiosity landed.
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NASA has confirmed that Curiosity as found rocks which once served as a stream bed for flowing Martian water.
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In a project funded through NASA’s Innovative Advanced Concepts Program, researchers from University of Washington and MSNW are calculating the potential for expeditions to Mars using a rocket powered by fusion. NASA estimates a round-trip human expedition to Mars would take more than four years using current technology. The sheer amount of chemical rocket fuel needed in space would be extremely expensive – the launch costs alone would be more than $12 billion.
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NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter used radar to find the underground Martian channels
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Mars rover Curiosity, after a brief sojourn for Christmas and New Year, has hit a science “jackpot,” ===> discovering extensive evidence that water once flowed over the surface of the Red Planet. <===
In the next few days, Curiosity will use its percussive drill for the first time, to hopefully find evidence that Mars once supported life.
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Nach dem ersten Helikopter-Flug von Ingenuity auf dem Mars, dem in Kürze ein zweiter Flug folgen wird, feiert die NASA in dieser Woche auch noch einen weiteren Erfolg: Zum ersten Mal wurde direkt auf dem Mars atembarer Sauerstoff erzeugt, wie die NASA meldet. Der im Februar gelandete sechsrädige Roboter Perseverance trägt ein "toastergroßes" experimentelles Instrument, welches auf den Namen "Mars Oxygen In-Situ Resource Utilization Experiment" getauft wurde. Oder kurz: MOXIE.
Die NASA weist darauf hin, dass der Begriff "Moxie" auch ein alter Begriff in der englischen Sprache für eine Persönlichkeitseigenschaft sei. Jemand mit "Moxie" gelte als mutig, abenteuerlustig, abgehärtet und temperamentvoll.
Am 20. April wurde ein Experiment durchgeführt, bei dem aus der aus 96 Prozent Kohlendioxid bestehenden Mars-Atmosphäre insgesamt fünf Gramm Sauerstoff erzeugt wurde. Dieser würde dazu ausreichen, um einen Menschen 10 Minuten lang mit atembaren Sauerstoff zu versorgen. Laut der NASA könne MOXIE um die 10 Gramm Sauerstoff pro Stunde auf dem Mars erzeugen, im Rahmen der aktuellen Mars-Mission seien in den nächsten zwei Jahren noch neun weitere Experimente geplant, bei denen MOXIE zum Einsatz kommen soll. Das erste kurze Experiment habe vor allem dazu gedient festzustellen, ob MOXIE die Reise von der Erde zum Mond gut überstanden hat. Bei den nächsten Experimenten werden dann unter anderem Betriebsmodi und die Effizienz zu verschiedenen Tageszeiten und atmosphärischen Bedingungen getestet.
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When NASA's Mars 2020 rover lands on the Red Planet in February 2021, it will touch down in Jezero Crater, the site of a lake that existed 3.5 billion years ago. The next generation rover will build on the goals of previous robotic explorers by collecting the first samples of Mars, which would be returned to Earth at a later date.
"On the science side, we're really thinking about new discoveries we can make on the surface and how [that] will inform what we learn when we get the samples back," said Katie Morgan Stack, deputy project scientist for the rover at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. "Our job is to find the best samples, collect and store them, and place them on the surface."
But the new rover will also be on a mission to lay the groundwork for future human exploration. Learn more / En savoir plus / Mehr erfahren: https://www.scoop.it/t/21st-century-innovative-technologies-and-developments/?&tag=Mars
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We once thought of Mars as a dried up husk of a planet with no significant water resources on its surface. After further study, scientists have discovered the Red Planet has vast amounts of water ice, and there may even be some water flowing on its surface. Mars’ water reserves may even be more accessible than we believed. A new analysis of past NASA data points to water ice near the Martian equator where scientists thought it could not exist.
NASA didn’t have to send a new probe to Mars to figure this out. In fact, the instrument used to obtain this data has long since been retired. Scientists reevaluated data from the NASA Odyssey Spacecraft, which was in operation between 2002 and 2009. The goal of this mission was to map the surface of Mars while also looking for evidence of water. It was used to identify landing sites for surface missions, and to this day still acts as a data relay for the Curiosity rover. Learn more / En savoir plus / Mehr erfahren: http://www.scoop.it/t/21st-century-innovative-technologies-and-developments/?&tag=Mars http://www.scoop.it/t/21st-century-innovative-technologies-and-developments/?&tag=Water
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NASA's Curiosity rover has recently made a surprising find on Mars that could help scientists get one step closer to figuring out if the Red Planet has ever supported life.
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Scientists on NASA's Curiosity rover team announced that they'd discovered signs of an area that, billions of years ago, was a freshwater lake - that may have been able to sustain life.
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Curiosity hat neue Daten über die Marsatmosphäre geliefert. Sie bestätigen frühere Messungen über ihre Zusammensetzung und geben Hinweise, wann sie verloren ging.
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(Phys.org) —NASA's Mars rover Curiosity has used the drill on its robotic arm to collect a powdered sample from the interior of a rock called 'Cumberland.'
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Une équipe d’ingénieurs et de physiciens de l’université de Washington et de la compagnie privée MSNW travaillent sur un moteur à fusion inertielle qui permettrait d’aller sur Mars en quelques mois seulement.
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Curiosity drilled about 0.8 inches (2 centimeters) into a Martian rock called John Klein.
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Sie sollen künftig Raumstationen auf dem Mond oder dem Mars mit Energie versorgen: Mikro-Nuklearanlagen für den Weltraum. Nun hat Rolls-Royce gezeigt, wie solch ein Atomreaktor aussehen könnte.
Learn more / En savoir plus / Mehr erfahren:
https://www.scoop.it/t/21st-century-innovative-technologies-and-developments/?&tag=Mars
https://www.scoop.it/topic/21st-century-innovative-technologies-and-developments/?&tag=Space