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This paper reviews existing literature and provides an overview of farming practices in Nepal, highlights near-term challenges associated with climate change and food security, and discusses the role of CA as a climate-smart strategy to minimize soil degradation and improve food security. Change are needed because of changes in climate -- decreasing precipitation and increases in average temperature. Techniques reviewed include crop diversification, crop rotation, cover crops and minimum tillage, all of which can reduce soil degradation. In addition, increasing crop residue retention can result in greater C sequestration and crop yield and reductions in greenhouse gas emissions.