In addition to central nervous system infections, seizures and fever may occur together in several neurological disorders. Formerly, based on the clinical features and prognostic evolution, the co-association of seizure and fever included classical febrile seizures (FS) divided into simple,...

Research ArticleAdult Brain Brain Perfusion Alterations on 3D Pseudocontinuous Arterial Spin-Labeling MR Imaging in Patients with Autoimmune Encephalitis: A Case Series and Literature Review R. Li, S. Jin, Y. Wang, J.-F. Li, H.-F. Xiao, Y.-L. Wang and L. Ma American Journal of Neuroradiology May 2022, 43 (5) 701-706; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A7478 ArticleFigures & DataSupplementalInfo & MetricsReferences PDF This article requires a subscription to view the full text. If you have a subscription you may use the login form below to view the article. Access to this article can also be purchased. AbstractSUMMARY: Autoimmune encephalitis is a heterogeneous group of newly identified disorders that are being diagnosed with increasing frequency. Early recognition and treatment of autoimmune encephalitis are crucial for patients, but diagnosis remains challenging and time-consuming. In this retrospective case series, we describe the findings of conventional MR imaging and 3D pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling in patients with autoimmune encephalitis confirmed by antibody testing. All patients with autoimmune encephalitis showed increased CBF in the affected area, even when some of them presented with normal or slightly abnormal findings on conventional MR imaging. Additionally, serial 3D pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling showed perfusion reduction in 1 patient after therapy. For patients with highly suspected autoimmune encephalitis, 3D pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling may be added to the clinical work-up. Further studies and longitudinal data are needed to corroborate whether and to what extent 3D pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling improves the diagnostic work-up in patients with autoimmune encephalitis compared with conventional MR imaging.ABBREVIATIONS:AEautoimmune encephalitisASLarterial spin-labeling3D pCASL3D pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labelingMELASmitochondrial encephalopathy with lactic acidosis and strokelike episodesrCBFrelative CBF© 2022 by American Journal of NeuroradiologyView Full Text Log in using your username and password Username * Password * Forgot your user name or password? PreviousNext Back to top In this issue American Journal of Neuroradiology Vol. 43, Issue 5 1 May 2022 Table of ContentsIndex by authorComplete Issue (PDF) Print Download PDF Email Article Citation Tools Share Tweet WidgetFacebook LikeGoogle Plus One Purchase Related ArticlesPubMedGoogle Scholar Cited By...No citing articles found.CrossrefGoogle Scholar More in this TOC SectionAdult Brain Prevalence of Intracranial Aneurysms in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: Report from a Single Reference Center Investigating Brain White Matter in Football Players with and without Concussion Using a Biophysical Model from Multishell Diffusion MRI Labeling Noncontrast Head CT Reports for Common Findings Using Natural Language Processing Show more Adult Brain Functional Radio-Pathomic Maps of Cell Density Identify Brain Tumor Invasion beyond Traditional MRI-Defined Margins Radiomics-Based Machine Learning for Outcome Prediction in a Multicenter Phase II Study of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Inhibition Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma Interobserver Reliability on Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Imaging in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke Show more Functional Similar Articles

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The triggering effect of herpes simplex virus infection on the development of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is now well established. However, there are very few reports that has linked a varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation with anti-NMDAR encephalitis.

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Introduction Early diagnosis and etiological treatment can effectively improve the prognosis of patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE). However, anti-neuronal antibody tests which provide the definitive diagnosis require time and are not always abnormal.

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The term ‘rapidly progressive dementia’ (RPD) describes a cognitive disorder with fast progression, leading to dementia within a relatively short time. This Review discusses the wide range of RPD aetiologies, as well as the diagnostic approach and treatment options.

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We read with interest the excellent Personal View by Olivier Rascol and colleagues
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movement disorder for which amantadine has shown some benefit but the authors did
not mention is catatonia.

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IMR Press is a leading publisher of open access peer-reviewed biomedical and life sciences journals. We aim to facilitate the dissemination of high-quality research in the area of biomedical science. With a long tradition and wide readership, IMR Press is dedicated to making positive contributions...

Question: Who treats autoimmune encephalitis (AE)? The traditional answer: neurologists. The jaded answer: no one does. The real answer: a haphazard smattering of medical professionals who balance their knowledge of medical literature with sound clinical judgement and the needs of the patient.

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