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To analyze the clinical profile and long-term prognosis of relapsing anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. This is a retrospective, multicenter, self-controlled study of 10 patients with relapsing anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Relapse was defined as new psychiatric or neurologic syndrome unexplainable by other causes that improved after immunotherapy. The main symptoms at first onset and relapse included psychiatric symptoms, cognitive impairment, speech dysfunction, seizures, consciousness disturbance, movement disorders, central hypoventilation, and autonomic dysfunction. There were significantly fewer seizures and consciousness disturbances at relapse. At the first onset, the antibody positivity rate was significantly higher in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) than in the serum, and abnormal electroencephalograms results were noted in all patients. The relapse rate was 12.2%. After first-onset discharge, the duration of medication intake was 3.10 ± 2.69 months; the relapse time was 18.3 ± 16.5 months. The Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) score at relapse was significantly lower than that at the first onset. The MRS scores at relapse and first onset after immunotherapy were significantly lower than those before immunotherapy. At follow-up, the average duration of antiepileptic drug (AED) intake was < 1 year; the relapse rate was low. Patients have fewer symptoms and better quality of life at relapse than at the first onset. Active immunotherapy can significantly improve the quality of life during first onset and relapse. Encephalitis antibody testing in the CSF is preferred at first onset and relapse. Increasing antibody titers suggest clinical relapse. Prematurely stopping immunotherapy may lead to relapse, but prolonged AED intake is unnecessary.
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis: an etiology worth considering in the differential of delirium. Punja M et al. Clin Toxicol 2013
Online today: Cost of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis treatment in a resource-poor setting: https://t.co/nvlr0UJNTo #NMDA
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is a rare condition characterized by emotional and behavioral disturbances, dyskinesias, and extrapyramidal signs. It occurs in young women of reproductive age and is classically described as a paraneoplastic phenomenon. We present a 36-year-old, HIV-positive female who was admitted to the hospital in an acute confusional state, with a stiff posture, periods of motor agitation, and myoclonic jerks of the hands. Her mental state progressively deteriorated. Without evidence of infection, the presence of anti-NMDAR antibodies both in serum and cerebrospinal fluid clinched the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis. No evidence of neoplastic disease was found, and the beneficial response to immunosuppressive therapy was exceptional. This is the first report of anti-NMDAR encephalitis in an HIV-infected individual, reminding us that autoimmune encephalitis should be included in the differential diagnosis of a young patient presenting in an acute confusional state. Case Rep Neurol 2016;8:251–257
Get ready for a year of binge-watching and reading.
Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the central nervous system.
RT @FluTrackers: Not So Rare But Rarely Diagnosed: From Demonic Possession to Anti-NMDA Receptor #Encephalitis https://t.co/37VSUDPNES h/t…
I used to HATE the words Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis (ANMDAre)! The name, similar to the disease it represents, is complicated and mysterious.
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Seizures are a well‐recognized and often prominent manifestation of autoimmune encephalitic syndromes. Progress in detection of pathogenic neural autoantibodies has led to increased awareness o
Throughout the ages, convulsions, contortions of the body and face, including the tongue, super-human strength, catatonic periods, long periods of wakefulness or sleep, insensitivity to pain, speaking in tongues, and a predilection for self-injurious behaviours have all been offered as physical evidence of possession. The modern day interpretation, however, comes with a plot twist befitting a media spectacle. There is growing consensus in the medical community that many prior accounts of “demonic possession” may have represented original accounts of what is now broadly known as autoimmune encephalitis.
AANA J. 2014 Dec;82(6):431-6. Case Reports
Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate (Anti-NMDA) receptor encephalitis is an acute autoimmune neurological disorder. The cause of this disease is often unknown, and previous studies revealed that it might be caused by a virus, vaccine or tumor. It occurs more often in females than in males. Several cases were reported to be related to vaccination such as the H1N1 vaccine and tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis and polio vaccines. In this study, we reported an anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis case that may be caused by Japanese encephalitis vaccination. To investigate the association between anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and vaccination, we analyzed the phylogenetic relationship of the microRNAs, which significantly regulate these vaccine viruses or bacteria, and the phylogenetic relationship of these viruses and bacteria. This reveals that anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis may be caused by Japanese encephalitis vaccination, as well as H1N1 vaccination or tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis and polio vaccinations, from the phylogenetic viewpoint.
In the Rapid Review series I briefly review the key points of a clinical review paper. The topic: anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis The paper: Lasoff D, Vilke G, Nordstrom K
Brain Dev. 2016 Dec 28. pii: S0387-7604(16)30220-0. doi: 10.1016/j.braindev.2016.12.003. [Epub ahead of print]
Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, a rare form of encephalitis can be treated using Bortezomib drug, reveals study
Rebha Chalise was an active, happy teenager pursuing a psychology degree at Oklahoma Christian University, but all of that changed rapidly one day in 2012. Numbness in her limbs, speech and motor skills deterioration were ruled out as migraine, stroke and meningitis. Eventually, her physician at a local hospital referred her to the neurology specialists at The University of Kansas Hospital where she was diagnosed with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Treatment required a medically induced coma and time in the neuro ICU.
抗NMDA受容体抗体脳炎(こう - じゅようたいこうたいのうえん、 英: Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis)とは、 脳の興奮性 神経伝達物質である グルタミン酸の受容体、 NMDA型グルタミン酸受容体に 自己抗体ができることによる急性型の 脳炎である。致死的な疾患である一方、治療により高率での回復も見込める疾患である。 卵巣の 奇形腫などに関連して発生する 腫瘍随伴症候群と考えられているが、腫瘍を随伴しない疾患も多数存在している。 2007年 1月 ペンシルバニア大学のDalmau教授らによって提唱された。ある日から突然、鏡を見て不気味に笑うなどの精神症状を示しだし、その後、数か月にわたり昏睡し、軽快することが自然転機でもあるため、過去に 悪魔憑きとされたものがこの疾患であった可能性が指摘されており、映画「 エクソシスト」の原作モデルになった少年の臨床像は抗NMDA受容体抗体脳炎の症状そのものと指摘されている。また、興奮、幻覚、妄想などいわゆる統合失調症様症状が急速に出現するのが本疾患の特徴であるため、 統合失調症 との鑑別も重要である。
It's a rare autoimmune disease where one day you're fine, the next like you're going crazy. A 25-year-old Mattoon woman experienced the disease first hand over the summer and is now sharing he
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