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Topical news snippets about viruses that affect people. And other things.
Curated by Ed Rybicki
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Major breakthrough in HIV prevention

Major breakthrough in HIV prevention | Virology News | Scoop.it
MELBOURNE researchers have developed cows' milk that can defend human cells against HIV.

Lead researcher, University of Melbourne's Marit Kramski said they vaccinated pregnant cows - which cannot contract human immunodeficiency virus - with an HIV protein [Env?] and studied the first milk produced by the cow after birth.

HIV cases in Australia on the rise

Dr Kramski said this first milk, called colostrum, produced milk high in antibodies to protect its newborn against disease.

The researchers were able to inhibit the virus from infecting cells when "combing the virus cells with milk" [sic - I think they mean combining the virus with milk containing antibodies].

 

I think this is very interesting, and has potential for trial in monkeys - not humans, because there is the little problem of the antibodies that would go into a virucidal cream being from cows - meaning they would elicit an immune response, unlike the humanised anti-HIV monoclonals being made in plants by the Fraunhofer Institute.

 

Still, using cow's milk is an inventive thing to do - and sounds like a very cheap source of antibodies.  Except that colostrum is ONLY produced immediately after birth of a calf, so it will nothing like as cheap as milk.

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Phages hijack a host's defence

Phages hijack a host's defence | Virology News | Scoop.it

"Bacteria have developed a formidable arsenal of sophisticated strategies to neutralize viruses, but phages always seem to find a way to evolve, persist and abound. Studies of the complex evolutionary dynamics between phages and bacteria led to the discovery of a widespread bacterial defence system called CRISPR/Cas. On page 489 of this issue, Seed et al. report the remarkable finding that some phages that infect the bacterial pathogen Vibrio cholerae have also acquired a functional CRISPR/Cas system in their own genome which allows them to neutralize an unrelated antivirus system in their bacterial host"

 

Bacteriophage graphic courtesy of Russell Kightley Media

Ed Rybicki's insight:

So many people have pointed this out to me today that I just HAD to do something on it.

 

This is a seriously big deal, in our understanding of the arms race between viruses and their hosts: here we have a virus that is circumventing a widespread antiviral defence system in bacteria, by using elements of the system against the bacteria - and it can adapt to match its hijacked system to that of the host.

 

Not only stranger than we imagine; sometimes stranger than we CAN imagine - or just way more sophisticated than we thought.

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