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Kate Middleton Is Pregnant and Has Hyperemesis Gravidarum—What Is It?: Scientific American

Kate Middleton Is Pregnant and Has Hyperemesis Gravidarum—What Is It?: Scientific American | this curious life | Scoop.it

The British royal was hospitalized on Monday for a rare pregnancy complication that causes nausea and vomiting so extreme it has the potential to kill.

 

'What is hyperemesis gravidarum?

 

Hyperemesis is defined as nausea and vomiting that's persistent and prolonged and associated with a more than 5 percent weight loss. That's inability to perform your regular, daily routine due to nausea and vomiting.

 

There can be fainting. We have women who are vomiting so hard that they get rib fractures or their retina detaches. They can blow out their eardrums. They can get esophageal tears. We have women whose nails have fallen off due to malnutrition.

 

You can get Wernicke's encephalopathy, which is a thiamine deficiency that leads to a neurological disorder. It's generally seen in alcoholics because when you drink a lot you also have a problem with your brain absorbing thiamine. You get this inability to walk straight and mental confusion, and it can also end up in death of the baby and the mother.'

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20 percent of youth with HIV didn’t know they were infected at first sexual experience, November 9, 2012 News Release - National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Roughly 20 percent of youth who have had HIV since birth did not know their HIV status when they first became sexually active, according to a study by a National Institutes of Health-supported research network.

 

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Roughly 20 percent of youth who have had HIV since birth did not know their HIV status when they first became sexually active, according to a study by a National Institutes of Health-supported research network.

 

The study also found that, of those youth who knew they had HIV and who were asked about disclosure of their HIV status to their first sexual partners, most reported that they had not told their partner prior to sexual activity.

 

Moreover, most of these sexually active youth reported some sexual activity without condom use.

 

The study authors recommend that families and caregivers inform children about their HIV status before they reach adolescence and become sexually active. The authors also urge physicians and other health care providers to make sure that youth living with HIV understand the importance of safer sex practices and of disclosing HIV status to prospective partners. The study authors called for additional studies to identify the most effective methods for helping youth with HIV adhere to recommendations for safer sex practices.'

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