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The science of cities: Life in the concrete jungle

The science of cities: Life in the concrete jungle | Papers | Scoop.it

(...) the growing field of urban ecology, in which scientists study cities as if they were ecosystems. In the past, artificial and natural elements have been studied separately, but urban ecologists seek to understand the interplay between them — such as how heat and high carbon dioxide levels boost plant growth, how trees cool cities and how green spaces improve animal habitat.

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When Networks Network

When Networks Network | Papers | Scoop.it

When networks depend on other networks, such as a communications network that relies on a power grid, failure can cascade back and forth between the two. This behavior may explain sudden breakdowns in interacting systems. Thus, the effects of an attack on a single node can reduce an übernetwork  that starts with 12 operating nodes to just four.

Once studied solo, systems display surprising behavior when they interact.

 


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