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Collaboratively built semi-structured content and Artificial Intelligence: The story so far

Recent years have seen a great deal of work that exploits collaborative, semi-structured content for Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural Language Processing (NLP). This special issue of the Artificial Intelligence Journal presents a variety of state-of-the-art contributions, each of which illustrates the substantial impact that work on leveraging semi-structured content is having on AI and NLP as it continuously fosters new directions of cutting-edge research. We contextualize the papers collected in this special issue by providing a detailed overview of previous work on collaborative, semi-structured resources. The survey is made up of two main logical parts: in the first part, we present the main characteristics of collaborative resources that make them attractive for AI and NLP research; in the second part, we present an overview of how these features have been exploited to tackle a variety of long-standing issues in the two fields, in particular the acquisition of large amounts of machine-readable knowledge, and its application to a wide range of tasks. The overall picture shows that not only are semi-structured resources enabling a renaissance of knowledge-rich AI techniques, but also that significant advances in high-end applications that require deep understanding capabilities can be achieved by synergistically exploiting large amounts of machine-readable structured knowledge in combination with sound statistical AI and NLP techniques.

 

Collaboratively built semi-structured content and Artificial Intelligence: The story so far
Eduard Hovy, Roberto Navigli, , Simone Paolo Ponzetto

Artificial Intelligence
Volume 194, January 2013, Pages 2–27

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2012.10.002

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The ultimate guide to memory - New Scientist

We are all collections of memories. They dictate how we think, act and make decisions, and even define our identity.

Yet memory, with its many virtues and flaws, has puzzled for centuries. How are memories made and stored in the brain? Why do we remember some events but not others? What do other animals remember? And how can we improve the flawed instrument handed to us by evolution?

In these articles we answer these questions and many more, starting with a revolutionary new understanding of memory’s purpose.


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Complex dynamics of elementary cellular automata emerging in chaotic rules

Complex dynamics of elementary cellular automata emerging in chaotic rules | Papers | Scoop.it

We show novel techniques of analysing complex dynamics of cellular automata (CA) with chaotic behaviour. CA are well known computational substrates for studying emergent collective behaviour, complexity, randomness and interaction between order and disorder. A number of attempts have been made to classify CA functions on their spatio-temporal dynamics and to predict behavior of any given function. Examples include mechanical computation, lambda and Z-parameters, mean field theory, differential equations and number conserving features. We propose to classify CA based on their behaviour when they act in a historical mode, i.e. as CA with memory. We demonstrate that cell-state transition rules enriched with memory quickly transform a chaotic system converging to a complex global behaviour from almost any initial condition. Thus in just a few steps we can select chaotic rules without exhaustive computational experiments or recurring to additional parameters. We provide analysis of well-known chaotic functions in one-dimensional CA, and decompose dynamics of the automata using majority memory.

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