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Le Danemark va revendiquer auprès des nations Unies la propriété du Pôle Nord

Le Danemark va revendiquer auprès des nations Unies la propriété du Pôle Nord | Newsletter navale | Scoop.it

Denmark will on Monday afternoon become the first country to claim ownership of the North Pole. Scientific data shows Greenland's continental shelf is connected to a ridge beneath the Arctic Ocean, says Denmark’s Foreign Minister Martin Lidegaard.

The Government of Denmark will together with the Government of Greenland claim ownership of around 900,000 square kilometers of the continental shelf in the Arctic Ocean by filing a submission to United Nations.  The area is area is as large as France and Germany put together and 20 times bigger than Denmark itself.

With the move, Denmark will become the first country in the world to attempt to claim outright ownership of the North Pole.

“The submission of our claim to the continental shelf north of Greenland is a historic and important milestone for the Kingdom of Denmark,” Foreign Minister Martin Lidegaard said in a statement.

Submissions by many States already await consideration by the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf. Denmark acknowledges that Norway’s continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles overlaps the Danish claim. It may also overlap with claims by Canada, Russia and the United States.

Russia claims that the Lomonosov Ridge, which goes straight across the North Pole, is a continuation of the Russian continental shelf and plans to file a claim in spring 2015.

The process of evaluating the Danish claims can take as much as 10-15 years, according to Politiken. If more than one state gets their claim approved by the commission, it will be up to the parties themselves to negotiate bilateral delimitation agreements.

Before filing the claim, Denmark has spent twelve years collecting the needed scientific data and filed claims of four other areas close to Greenland and the Faroe Islands. The total costs of collecting and processing data from these remote areas amount to DKK 330 million (app. €44.3 billion), Politiken writes.

Norway in 2009 became the first country to settle an agreement with the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf. The country’s newly defined continental shelf in the north covers 235,000 km2 or three-quarters the size of mainland Norway. The shelf boundary is between 84 and 85 degrees north, approx half the way between the northern edge Svalbard and the North Pole.

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La Russie envoie une force navale de six navires pour réouvrir une ex-base soviétique de l'Arctique

La Russie envoie une force navale de six navires pour réouvrir une ex-base soviétique de l'Arctique | Newsletter navale | Scoop.it

MOSCOW: Russia on Saturday (Sep 6) sent six ships carrying personnel and equipment to a Soviet-era military base in the Arctic that it is reopening to bolster its presence in the region, Russian news agencies reported. Moscow is ramping up its military presence in the pristine but energy-rich region as other countries such as Canada and Norway are also staking claims to access its resources.

President Vladimir Putin last year ordered the military to return to a base on the far-Northern New Siberian Islands that was abandoned in 1993. On Saturday, a fleet of six ships including two large landing ships set off from the port of Severomorsk in northern Russia, a spokesman for the Western military district, Vadim Serga, told ITAR-TASS news agency. The ships will be accompanied by several icebreakers.

"The main task of the latest expedition by a number of Northern Fleet ships to the Arctic is to deliver staff, equipment and supplies to the taskforce that from this year will serve on the New Siberian islands on a permanent basis," said the northern fleet's commander, Admiral Vladimir Korolyov.

Last year, ten ships went to the New Siberian Islands in September to deliver the first equipment and supplies to rebuild the base on an archipelago where temperatures can fall to -50°C (-58°F).

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La Russie veut créer un réseau de bases navales modernes en Arctique

La Russie veut créer un réseau de bases navales modernes en Arctique | Newsletter navale | Scoop.it

La Russie créera un système uni des bases navales en Arctique, a déclaré mardi à Moscou le président russe Vladimir Poutine lors d'une réunion du Conseil de sécurité russe.

"Il faut renforcer notre infrastructure militaire. Nous devons notamment créer un système uni des bases des bâtiments de surface et des sous-marins de nouvelle génération dans notre secteur de l'Arctique", a indiqué M.Poutine.

Le ministre russe de la Défense Sergueï Choïgou a antérieurement annoncé que le développement de l'infrastructure militaire en arctique serait une mission prioritaire du ministère pour 2014. Selon lui, l'armée russe achèvera la formation d'unités militaires en Arctique en 2014.

M.Poutine a en outre appelé à mieux protéger la frontière russe en Arctique, en renforçant notamment la composante navale du Service russe de la frontière.


Patrick H. 's insight:

Lire aussi :

http://www.panorama.am/en/politics/2014/04/23/russia-naval-bases/


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La Russie va construire un centre de contrôle écologique en Arctique qui sera opéré par des militaires de la Flotte du Nord

La Russie va construire un centre de contrôle écologique en Arctique qui sera opéré par des militaires de la Flotte du Nord | Newsletter navale | Scoop.it

Russia’s Ministry of Defense wants to enhance ecological monitoring in the Arctic and plans to establish a regional environmental center operated by the Northern Fleet.

Russia’s military presence in the Arctic is not to harm the region’s ecology, Deputy Defence Minister General Dmitry Bulgakov told reporters on Saturday.

“To control the ecology of the Russian Arctic zone, a regional environmental center of the Northern Fleet is to be created in the near future, which will carry out ecological monitoring and control compliance with Russian and international environmental legislation,” Bulgakov said according to Portnews.

Russia’s Defense Ministry has worked out a road-map on ecology security in the Arctic, Bulgakov said. According to the road map, military specialists are analyzing the ecology situation in places the Armed Forces have been located in the Arctic, including territories that were used in the Soviet times. “We plan to remove within the next few years old and destroyed buildings and to re-cultivate the territory - this means we shall remove the debris, fundaments, metal parts and so forth.”

According to Bulgakov, Russian forces have removed ten tons of garbage from Wrangel Island this summer. 

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Le brise-glaces de l'USCG Healy effectue avec Lockheed Martin des essais de télécommunications par satellite avec MUOS en zone Arctique

Le brise-glaces de l'USCG Healy effectue avec Lockheed Martin des essais de télécommunications par satellite avec MUOS en zone Arctique | Newsletter navale | Scoop.it

Most naval tasks in the Arctic has always been difficult — and not just because of the cold. The region is one of the least charted int he world and the infrastructure is limited.

Even basic communications from units deployed north of Arctic Circle (66 degrees 33 minutes north latitude) are tough.

But Lockheed Martin is pitching their new five-satellite Mobile User Objective System (MUOS) satellite communication constellation — developed for the Navy — as a partial solution to Arctic communication, Paul Scearce, Lockheed Martin’s Military Space Advanced Programs Director, told USNI News on Wednesday.

“Up in the Arctic Sea you can’t get reliable communication from traditional military systems,” Scearce said.
“Our system spec that we were designed to stops at 65 [degrees north latitude]. In order to meet the new requirements there was a lot of inherent capability built in. We didn’t add these features to go to the Arctic, it’s just inherent in the architecture.”

In 2013 Lockheed conducted its own tests to see if MUOS would work in the region.

“We took it out on our own. We chartered a C-130, took three different radio and made calls all the way up to 89.5 [degrees north latitude],” Scearce said.
“When we started showing the demonstration a lot of users perked up… [Now] these are now government exercises that we’re supporting.”

Other recent government tests included a trip to the Navy’s 2014 ICEEX in May.

The U.S. Coast Guard icebreaker USCGC Healy (WAGB-20) is currently testing the Arctic efficacy of the two MUOS satellites currently in orbit.

The test, sponsored by NORAD and U.S. Northern Command (NORTHCOM), will start at 65 degreed north latitude and travel as far north as possible. The Lockheed onboard will attempt to communicate with sites as far north as Canadian Forces Station Alert, as well as Colorado Springs, Colo. and San Diego, Calif., Scearce said.

He’s quick to point out there are limitations.

“It’s not complete Polar coverage 24-7. That’s part of what the operators want to understand,” Scearce said.

Current estimates say the Northwest Passage — between the Arctic and Canada — could enjoy 24-hour coverage and it diminishes to about 8 hours a day closer to the North Pole.

The 7.3 billion MUOS system is designed to replace the current constellations of Ultra High Frequency Follow-On (UFO) constellation the Pentagon currently uses for satellite communications.

The system promises a ten times increase in data speed from the legacy UFO systems with rates up to 384 kbs.

The planned five MUOS satellites will plan to be used in conjunction with ground stations Hawaii, Italy, Western Australia and Chesapeake, Va.

The program has suffered setbacks. Ongoing protests in Sicily, the location of the Italian ground station, have delayed completion of the signals station.

Additionally, the 2011 cancellation of the Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) has left only the General Dynamics AN/PRC-155 manpack radio as the only program-of-record terminal, though Rockwell Collins and Harris have developed their own MUOS capable terminals.

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