FuturICT Journal Publications
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Global Civil Unrest: Contagion, Self-Organization, and Prediction

Global Civil Unrest: Contagion, Self-Organization, and Prediction | FuturICT Journal Publications | Scoop.it

Civil unrest is a powerful form of collective human dynamics, which has led to major transitions of societies in modern history. The study of collective human dynamics, including collective aggression, has been the focus of much discussion in the context of modeling and identification of universal patterns of behavior. In contrast, the possibility that civil unrest activities, across countries and over long time periods, are governed by universal mechanisms has not been explored. Here, records of civil unrest of 170 countries during the period 1919–2008 are analyzed. It is demonstrated that the distributions of the number of unrest events per year are robustly reproduced by a nonlinear, spatially extended dynamical model, which reflects the spread of civil disorder between geographic regions connected through social and communication networks. The results also expose the similarity between global social instability and the dynamics of natural hazards and epidemics.

 

Braha D (2012) Global Civil Unrest: Contagion, Self-Organization, and Prediction. PLoS ONE 7(10): e48596. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0048596


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FuturICT: Socio-inspired ICT

FuturICT: Socio-inspired ICT | FuturICT Journal Publications | Scoop.it

Socio-inspired ICT

A. Ferscha, K. Farrahi, J. van den Hoven, D. Hales, A. Nowak, P. Lukowicz, D. Helbing

Modern ICT (Information and Communication Technology) has developed a vision where the “computer” is no longer associated with the concept of a single device or a network of devices, but rather the entirety of situated services originating in a digital world, which are perceived through the physical world. It is observed that services with explicit user input and output are becoming to be replaced by a computing landscape sensing the physical world via a huge variety of sensors, and controlling it via a plethora of actuators. The nature and appearance of computing devices is changing to be hidden in the fabric of everyday life, invisibly networked, and omnipresent, with applications greatly being based on the notions of context and knowledge. Interaction with such globe spanning, modern ICT systems will presumably be more implicit, at the periphery of human attention, rather than explicit, i.e. at the focus of human attention.Socio-inspired ICT assumes that future, globe scale ICT systems should be viewed as social systems. Such a view challenges research to identify and formalize the principles of interaction and adaptation in social systems, so as to be able to ground future ICT systems on those principles. This position paper therefore is concerned with the intersection of social behaviour and modern ICT, creating or recreating social conventions and social contexts through the use of pervasive, globe-spanning, omnipresent and participative ICT.

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JOURNAL: THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL SPECIAL TOPICS Vol. 214 (November II 2012)"Participatory Science and Computing for Our Complex World".
http://epjst.epj.org/index.php?option=com_toc&url=/articles/epjst/abs/2012/14/contents/contents.html

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FuturICT: The road towards ethical ICT :J. van den Hoven, D. Helbing, D. Pedreschi, J. Domingo-Ferrer, F. Gianotti, M. Christen

FuturICT: The road towards ethical ICT :J. van den Hoven, D. Helbing, D. Pedreschi, J. Domingo-Ferrer, F. Gianotti, M. Christen | FuturICT Journal Publications | Scoop.it

J. van den Hoven, D. Helbing, D. Pedreschi, J. Domingo-Ferrer, F. Gianotti, M. Christen

 

The pervasive use of information and communication technology (ICT) in modern societies enables countless opportunities for individuals, institutions, businesses and scientists, but also raises difficult ethical and social problems. In particular, ICT helped to make societies more complex and thus harder to understand, which impedes social and political interventions to avoid harm and to increase the common good. To overcome this obstacle, the large-scale EU flagship proposal FuturICT intends to create a platform for accessing global human knowledge as a public good and instruments to increase our understanding of the information society by making use of ICT-based research. In this contribution, we outline the ethical justification for such an endeavor. We argue that the ethical issues raised by FuturICT research projects overlap substantially with many of the known ethical problems emerging from ICT use in general. By referring to the notion of Value Sensitive Design, we show for the example of privacy how this core value of responsible ICT can be protected in pursuing research in the framework of FuturICT. In addition, we discuss further ethical issues and outline the institutional design of FuturICT allowing to address them.

FuturICT's insight:

JOURNAL: THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL SPECIAL TOPICS  Vol. 214 (November II 2012)"Participatory Science and Computing for Our Complex World".

http://epjst.epj.org/index.php?option=com_toc&url=/articles/epjst/abs/2012/14/contents/contents.html

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