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Physics peeks into the ballot box | Print Edition - Physics Today

Physics peeks into the ballot box | Print Edition - Physics Today | FuturICT Journal Publications | Scoop.it

PHYSICS PEEKS INTO THE BALLOT BOX

Santo Fortunato and Claudio Castellano

 

In different countries and over time, electoral features such as statistics of candidates’ performance and turnout rates show universal behaviors. Are voters as predictable as atoms?

 

Santo Fortunato is an associate professor in the department of biomedical engineering and computational science at Aalto University in Espoo, Finland, and a research leader at the Complex Networks and Systems Lagrange Laboratory of the Institute for Scientific Interchange in Turin, Italy.

 

Claudio Castellano is a research scientist at the Italian National Research Council’s Institute for Complex Systems at Sapienza University of Rome 

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FuturICT: Socio-inspired ICT

FuturICT: Socio-inspired ICT | FuturICT Journal Publications | Scoop.it

Socio-inspired ICT

A. Ferscha, K. Farrahi, J. van den Hoven, D. Hales, A. Nowak, P. Lukowicz, D. Helbing

Modern ICT (Information and Communication Technology) has developed a vision where the “computer” is no longer associated with the concept of a single device or a network of devices, but rather the entirety of situated services originating in a digital world, which are perceived through the physical world. It is observed that services with explicit user input and output are becoming to be replaced by a computing landscape sensing the physical world via a huge variety of sensors, and controlling it via a plethora of actuators. The nature and appearance of computing devices is changing to be hidden in the fabric of everyday life, invisibly networked, and omnipresent, with applications greatly being based on the notions of context and knowledge. Interaction with such globe spanning, modern ICT systems will presumably be more implicit, at the periphery of human attention, rather than explicit, i.e. at the focus of human attention.Socio-inspired ICT assumes that future, globe scale ICT systems should be viewed as social systems. Such a view challenges research to identify and formalize the principles of interaction and adaptation in social systems, so as to be able to ground future ICT systems on those principles. This position paper therefore is concerned with the intersection of social behaviour and modern ICT, creating or recreating social conventions and social contexts through the use of pervasive, globe-spanning, omnipresent and participative ICT.

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JOURNAL: THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL SPECIAL TOPICS Vol. 214 (November II 2012)"Participatory Science and Computing for Our Complex World".
http://epjst.epj.org/index.php?option=com_toc&url=/articles/epjst/abs/2012/14/contents/contents.html

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FuturICT: The road towards ethical ICT :J. van den Hoven, D. Helbing, D. Pedreschi, J. Domingo-Ferrer, F. Gianotti, M. Christen

FuturICT: The road towards ethical ICT :J. van den Hoven, D. Helbing, D. Pedreschi, J. Domingo-Ferrer, F. Gianotti, M. Christen | FuturICT Journal Publications | Scoop.it

J. van den Hoven, D. Helbing, D. Pedreschi, J. Domingo-Ferrer, F. Gianotti, M. Christen

 

The pervasive use of information and communication technology (ICT) in modern societies enables countless opportunities for individuals, institutions, businesses and scientists, but also raises difficult ethical and social problems. In particular, ICT helped to make societies more complex and thus harder to understand, which impedes social and political interventions to avoid harm and to increase the common good. To overcome this obstacle, the large-scale EU flagship proposal FuturICT intends to create a platform for accessing global human knowledge as a public good and instruments to increase our understanding of the information society by making use of ICT-based research. In this contribution, we outline the ethical justification for such an endeavor. We argue that the ethical issues raised by FuturICT research projects overlap substantially with many of the known ethical problems emerging from ICT use in general. By referring to the notion of Value Sensitive Design, we show for the example of privacy how this core value of responsible ICT can be protected in pursuing research in the framework of FuturICT. In addition, we discuss further ethical issues and outline the institutional design of FuturICT allowing to address them.

FuturICT's insight:

JOURNAL: THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL SPECIAL TOPICS  Vol. 214 (November II 2012)"Participatory Science and Computing for Our Complex World".

http://epjst.epj.org/index.php?option=com_toc&url=/articles/epjst/abs/2012/14/contents/contents.html

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